Mooring equipment

Winches with various arrangements of barrels are the usual mooring equipment used on board ships. The winch barrel or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore. The warp end is used when moving the ship using ropes or wires fastened to bollards ashore and wrapped around the warp end of the winch.

The motor drive of mooring winch is passed through a spur gear transmission, a clutch and thus to the drum and warp end. A substantial frame supports the assembly and a band brake is used to hold the drum when required. The control arrangements for the drive motor permit forward or reverse rotation together with a selection of speeds during operation. Modern mooring winches are arranged as automatic self-tensioning units. The flow of the tides or changes in draught due to cargo operations may result in tensioning or slackening of mooring wires. To avoid constant attention to the mooring wires the automatic self-tensioning arrangement provides for paying out (releasing) or recovering wire when a pre-set tension is not present. (900)

Anchor handling equipment

The windlass is the usual anchor handling device where one machine may be used to handle both anchors. Particularly on larger vessels the split windlass is employed, its construction means that one machine is used for each anchor. The rotating units consist of a cable lifter with shaped snugs to grip the anchor cable, a mooring drum for paying out or letting go of mooring wires and a warp end for warping duties. Each of these units may be separately engaged or disengaged by means of a dog clutch, although the warp end is often driven in association with the mooring drum. A spur gear assembly transmits the motor drive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off. Separate band brakes are fitted to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched off. The cable lifter unit is mounted so as to raise and lower the cable from the spurling pipe, which is at the top and centre of the chain or cable locker. Details of the snugs used to grip the cable and of the band brake can be seen. Anchor capstans are used in some installations where the cable lifter rotates about a vertical axis. Only the cable lifter unit is located on deck, the driving machinery being on the deck below. A warping end or barrel may be driven by the same unit and is positioned near the cable lifter. (1,000)

Exercise 6. Translate the dialogues and then make up your own one.

A: All the tow lines are made fast.

B: O.K. Dead slow ahead! On the tugs! Commence towing! (several minutes later)

A: Is the berth fitted with fenders?

B: Yes, the berth is fitted with fenders.

A: Is there a 10-ton crane on that berth? We’ve got some heavy lifts.

B: There are two 15-ton cranes on that berth.

A: That’s good.

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A: As far as I know the type of the “Ro-Ro” depends upon how the ramp is fixed into position.

B: That’s right but only to some degree. You see, we have an angled hydraulically operated stern ramp putting into position when the height of the berth is between 2.0 and 3.5 m.

A: Do you mean that the height of berth No3 doesn’t meet these requirements?

B: No, it doesn’t especially in high water. The height of the berth then will be not more than 20 cm and you can neither load nor discharge the vessel under such circumstances.

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B: Почему грузчики приостановили выгрузку моего судна?

A: Дело в том, что для выгрузки этого груза им требуется специальное грузовое устройство. Его привезут с соседнего причала через 20 минут.

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A: Какой привод у Вашей аппарели?

B: У нас электрический привод, однако на некоторых судах он может быть и гидравлическим.

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A: Где будет выгружаться наше судно?

B: У причала №8, так как он оборудован подвижной приливной аппарелью.

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A: Как распределяется груз на вашем судне?

B: Наше судно «ро-ро» трехпалубное. Для груза на судне есть внутренние аппарели и подвижные переборки.

***

A: Есть ли на Вашем судне подруливающее устройство?

B: Да, у нас есть носовое подруливающее устройство.

A: Я думаю, что это облегчит Вам маневрирование.

B: Да, конечно, я собираюсь заходить в порт без буксира.

Exercise 7. Choose the right variant.

Table A.

1. роульс	a) shaft	c) roller
	b) cylinder	d) coaming
2. стойка	a) stationary base	c) basin
	b) wall	d) standing
3. шпиль	a) heel	c) capstan
	b) windilass	d) stud
4. стопор	a) stupor	c) span
	b) axe	d) lock or spin
5. якорный клюз	a) spurling pipe	c) towing pipe
	b) anchor hawsepipe	d) stern hawsepipe
6. причальный конец	a) berth line	c) mooring line
	b) tie-down line	d) anchor line
7. кранцы	a) cranes	c) fenders
	b) rings	d) ties
8. багор	a) hook	c) thrust
	b) hitch	d) stud
9. скоба	a) clean	c) chain shackle
	b) cage	d) cleat
10. кронштейн	a) stud	c) tie
	b) strut	d) tray

Table B.

1. idler conveyor	a) парный транспортер	c) конвейер
	b) вспомогательный транспортер	d) холостой ход
2. kedge	a) клетка	c) безопасный край
	b) танкер	d) стоп-анкера
3. anchoring line	a) швартовочный якорь	c) причальный конец
	b) якорный канат	d) буксировочный буй
4. tie-down ring	a) натяжное кольцо	c) швартовочное кольцо
	b) гидравлическое соединение	d) стесненное кольцо
5. lifting gear	a) подъемное устройство	c) поднимающая опора
	b) лифтинговая передача	d) подъемная шестерня
6. mooring bollard	a) буксирный кнехт	c) швартовочный кнехт
	b) переносная тумба	d) швартовочный узел
7. derrick rig	a) кольцо стрелы	c) такелаж крана
	b) стреловое устройство	d) оснастка стрелы

Exercise 8. Look through the text and then decide which statement is TRUE/FALSE.

• To seal off the holds only watertight doors are used.

• The term “hand-operated” means “manually controlled”.

• Any hatch cover works without a power source.

• Maintenance for automated hatch covers is negligible.

• Hatch covers are the basic units of cargo handling equipment.