2. Answer the following questions:

1. What is Enercon E-66?

2. Who created the sculpture?

3. Why is Enercon E-66 very useful?

4. Where does it first harness the wind?

5. How do the Britain use wind energy?

Text 6. The windmill

Although they are not nearly so ancient as the Celtic crosses, the UK has some of the oldest and finest traditional buildings in the world – from manor houses and cottages, to farm barns and oast-houses, with their distinctive kilns for drying the hops used to make beer.

The windmill is perhaps one of the most fascinating. Many traditional windmills exist to this day, poised on hilltops to harness the power of the wind, or on the flat open land of East Anglia, in eastern England.

Windmills were first constructed in the UK from around the 11^th century and were mainly used for grinding corn. They were also used for draining and pumping water from marshes, and later, for driving machinery such as saw mills. By the 15^th century, there were over 10,000 windmills in the UK, particularly in East Anglia and the southern countries of Sussex and Kent. The skills of the miller were often passed down through generations of the same family, and ‘Miller’ is common surname in England today.

The two main types of windmill built in the UK were the post mill and the

tower mill, which was usually built of stone or brick. In a post mill the whole body of the mill revolves around a certain shaft to turn the sail into the wind, while in a tower mill only the top, or cap, moves, as in the windmill pictured here.

Although thousands of windmills have long since fallen into disuse, or disappeared altogether, fortunately many have been saved by conservationists and restored to working order. Some are in the hands of the National Trust, our foremost conservation organization.

1. Answer the following questions:

1. What are the some of the oldest and finest traditional buildings in the world the UK?

2. Why is windmill very useful?

3. Where does it harness the wind?

4. When was the first windmill built in England?

5. How did people use the first windmills?

6. What types of the windmill were in the UK?

7. What differences are between post mill and tower mill?

2. Decide whether the following sentences are true (t) or false (f), correct those which are false.

1. Even nowadays you can find windmills in some parts of England. ( )

2. People used to constructed windmills in the mountains and in the plains. ( )

3. We need windmills to harness the power of the wind and generate electricity. ( )

4. Miller is a common surname in the UK. It means that his ancestors used to work on the windmill. ( )

5. Windmills were usually built of wood and limestone. ( )

6. Many windmills were saved and some of them even work now. ( )

3. Read and translate the following sentences and find out more information about windmills.

1. For centuries, traditional windmills harnessed the wind to drive machinery for grinding wheat into flour.

2. However, Cauldron Barn Farm, inland on a ridge by the former windmill, survives.

3. In fact, the windmill provided too much power.

4. In some areas he could plant his land with windmills.

5. The subsidies will cover up to 40 percent of installation costs of new windmills.

6. There was only one low hill in sight, and this had an old, disused windmill on it.

7. Today, modern versions of windmills, called wind turbines, are used to create electricity.