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1

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Have you ever wanted to stay in a luxurious hotel, travel on a beautiful

steam train, visit one of the natural wonders of the world or go on an

African safari? Well, now you can do all this and more on board the Pride of Africa.

2

The Pride of Africa is one of the world`s most luxurious hotel trains. It takes you on a wonderful twelve-day journey across Africa, following in the footsteps of such great explorers as Livingstone and Stanley. This unforgettable trip from Cape Town to Dar es Salaam is one of many on offer and includes a five-day safari in Kruger Park Game Reserve. It stops at beautiful sites along the way, including the diamond town of Kimberley, the capital city of Pretoria and the spectacular Victoria Falls.

3

The train itself offers elegant accommodation that has been perfectly restored to its 1930`s splendor. There are four Royal Suites and thirty-two Deluxe Suites to accommodate up to 72 passengers. The Royal Suites are elegant and have a private lounge and en-suite facilities. The Deluxe Suites are comfortable and spacious as well as stylish. Passengers can also enjoy delicious food prepared by first-rate chefs in the dining car, and admire and photograph the breathtaking scenery from the observation car. All meals, unlimited drinks, 24-hour room service and a laundry service are included in the price. Also available to guests are the service of a doctor, a hairdresser and a historian.

4

During the journey there are plenty of opportunities to take part in a wide variety of activities. You can choose to play a round of golf, go on a visit to a crocodile farm , go on a rafting trip, take a trip through the rainforest and even take flight over Victoria Falls . Alternatively, you can simply relax, take photographs and enjoy the scenery and wildlife. Cultural events along the way include a visit to a craft village and evening of traditional tribal dancing. The cost of all sightseeing tours, excursions, tour guides, game park entrance fees and safari drives is included in the price.

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With so much to offer, a steam safari on the Pride of Africa is really not to be missed. What better way to experience the heart of Africa and the golden age of rail travel? So all aboard and full steam ahead for the holiday of a lifetime!

9. Fill in the adjectives from the text. Then, use the completed phrases to persuade someone to go on a trip on the Pride of Africa.

1……………………hotel train; 2……………………………

twelve-day journey; 3…………………………………….

accommodation; 4……………………………..lounge

5…………….facilities ;6……………………………….food

7……………………chefs;8…………………………scenery;

9………………………..drinks;10…………………………………..

room service;11……………………………..service;

12…………………………..variety of activities

10 Fill in in, on, at, to, over ,then make sentences.

1 stuck……………….the airport;2…………………..

my own;3 to get …………………..the waiting list;

4……………to travel ………………a train;5 to be

………………………..offer;6 to take part……………………….

activities;7 to go ………………………..a rafting trip;

8 to take a flight ……………………..Victoria Falls;

9 available………………..guests

10. Find the opposites in the text:

Cramped

Least

Disgusting

Worse

Uncomfortable

Terrible

Artificial

Ugly

11. Make notes under the headings, then talk about the Pride of Africa.

-what the Pride of Africa is

-where the train takes you

-what the train itself offers

-what activities you can take part in during the journey

-what the price includes

12. Read the text and answer the questions,

Edinburgh Castle.

Edinburgh castle, situated high above the city on the Castle Rock, was once the home of the kings and queens of Scotland. The 700-year-old Crown of Scotland is still on the display there, and the Royal apartments include a tiny room where the future king of England, James I, was born in 1566.

The castle was the site of many battles with the English. Over the centuries it survived many attempts to destroy it, which is why many Scots see it as a symbol of their own survival.

Visitors to the castle will see a military guard at the gate, because the castle is still the headquarters of the army`s Scottish division. The famous Military Tattoo is also held here every August. This is a spectacular three- week festival of bagpipe and band music, marching and displays by Scottish regiments.

Edinburgh castle houses exhibitions of Scottish history and a collection of armour and weapons. As well as what there is to see inside, the castle`s hilltop position offers the best views of the city.

Questions:

Who was born in Edinburgh Castle? When is the Military Tattoo, and how long does it last? What does the castle house?

Help with Grammar

The –Ing Form:

We use the –ing form:

-as a noun. Cycling keeps you fit.

-after prepositions. She thanked me for giving her a lift.

-after love, like, hate, enjoy, prefer, dislike, and so on . I enjoy travelling.

- after go for activities. We always go skiing in winter.

-after the phrases it`s no use, it`s (not) worth, it`s no good, be busy, what`s the use of…?, there`s no point, can`t help, can`t stand, be|get used to, have difficulty in.

The Infinitive

There are two infinitives: to- infinitive and bare infinitive.

Use

To-infinitive.

• To express purpose. They go to the sports club to be fit.

• After advise, agree, decide, hope, manage, promise, want, afford, etc. We can`t afford to buy this house now.

• After adjectives- nice, sorry, glad, happy, etc. It`s nice to se you.

• After –too and enough. It`s too late to call them.

• After would like| love| prefer. I would like to have breakfast.

We use bare infinitive:

-after modal verbs. I can ski.

-After let, make. He made me sign the document.

13.Write infinitive, -ing form or bare infinitive, then use phrases to make sentences of your own.

Easy look forward to

Begin want

Can`t help must

Hate expect

Let would rather

Like had better

Would like don`t mind

Could deny

Prefer finish

Would prefer fancy

Unit 6.

Active vocabulary. Nuisance, deserve, lack, incredibly, surrounded, marble, fold, motionless, challenge, force, bothering, boiling hot, convincing.

1. Read the article and circle the correct answer.

Living Statues.

Many of Europe’s biggest cities have found they have a new tourist attraction in the form of living statues. Whether you consider them an art form or just a nuisance, these new crowd pleasers certainly deserve a second look!

Rachel Allchin talks to performers and spectators on the streets of Milan, where living statues are no longer a novelty.

Paula Burns-Professional Living Statue

I really don’t see how anyone can think of me as a public nuisance! I`m a professional performer-art galleries and organisers of special events and exhibitions usually hire me for private functions. I work very hard at what I do.

I spend hours practicing my movements -or should I say, my lack of movement! I have to stand incredibly still for hours on end in all kinds of situations –usually surrounded by crowds of people. It takes me two hours just to make myself up and get dressed. I have to paint my skin very carefully and arrange the folds of my costume so I look like I’m made of marble.

So why do I do it? Well, I enjoy watching the reactions of the audience when I suddenly move- they can`t believe their eyes! If you ask me, living statues are an art form-there aren`t many people who could do what I do for a living!

Mark Sorby-Tourist

I`m not usually a fan of street performers. I never stop to watch jugglers or acrobats –they`re boring –but I think living statues are brilliant! It takes a lot of patience and skill to stay completely motionless for such lengths of time. I`ve seen some stand for hours even in the boiling hot temperatures of summer. I`m sure I’d get cramp if tried it!

The best living statue I ever saw was here in Milan . it was a guy on a pedestal dressed as an Egyptian mummy with the gold mask and all. It was fantastic, although I suppose the mask was cheating a bit. Anyway, he looked fantastic and he was pulling a huge crowd who were giving him an amazing amount of money! He deserved it, though, he was very convincing!

Toni Moreno-Amateur Living Statue

I don`t actually make a living as a street performer. I just do it in my spare time or during the summer to make some extra cash. You`d be surprised how generous people can be! I usually dress up as a Greek god and I find that spectators admire my make-up and costume as much as my performance . It’s a real challenge to stay still when someone –usually a child-tries to touch you to see if you`re real or not! I`ve never had a bad experience, though, people are usually really nice and I enjoy making them happy too, even if it is just for a few minutes. However, I have known people to stand looking at me for hours. No, I don`t think I’m bothering anyone. People don`t have to watch me if they don`t want to, no one`s forcing them. All they have to do is keep walking!

1 How does Paula Burns feel about her job?

A She thinks it takes too much preparation.

B She only does it for the money

C She is proud of what she does.

D She thinks anyone can do it.

2 What does Paula say about the audience?

A They think she is a nuisance.

B She likes to frighten them.

C The y are entertained by her sudden movements.

D They believe she is a real statue.

3 Why does Mark Sorby talk about an Egyptian mummy?

A Because it was the best living statue he had ever seen.

B Because it was the first living statue he had ever seen.

C Because he earned a lot of money.

D To explain how convincing living statues can be.

4 What does Toni Moreno say about children?

A They think she is a real statue.

B They always want to touch her.

C She doesn`t want them to touch her.

D They made it difficult for her to stand still.

2 . Have you ever seen a living statue? Do you think it is a difficult job? Which of these sentences can be true for these people.

1 They work hard at what they do. ---------------

2 They spend hours practicing their movements.----------

3 They take a long time getting ready.-------------

4. They don`t need to have any special skills,--------------

5They can earn a lot of money.-------

6They have to be convincing to attract a crowd.------------

7They don`t like people touching them.

3 Fill in the correct word from the list, then make sentences with them.

Have, spare, extra, crowd, street, public, form, believe, tourist, demand, look, stand.

1 popular---------- 7 -----------------attraction

2 to ------------still 8 to --------------an experience

3 --------------cash 9 ------------------nuisance

4 art----------------- 10 to-------------one`s eyes

5--------------pleaser 11---------------performer

6--------------time 12 second------------------

4 Fill in at, for, in, of, then make sentences using them.

1 to be --------------time----------sth, 2 to glare-------------sb, 3 to get hold--------------sth, 4 due------------sth, 5 ---------------advance, 6 to think-------------sb as sth, 7 to be made ---------------marble, 8 to do sth-------------a living 9 fan-----------sb, 10………………. my spare time

4. Study the table, then underline the correct particle.

Set about-to begin to do

Set aside-to save for a special purpose

Set back-to delay

Set off\out-tp start a journey

Set up-1) to build\erect sth, 2) to start sth, 3) to arrange sth

1 Setting about\up your own business involves a lot of hard work.

2 The Patterson`s loaded up their car, locked the house up and and set up\off.

3 The earthquake has set back\about the construction of the new Olympic Stadium.

4 We need to set aside\up a meeting with the client to discuss costs.

5Fred is very busy, but he always manages to set back\aside a little time to spend with his kids.

Word Formation

We can form nouns from verbs by adding –ance, -al, -ion, -ence, -ery, -ation to the verbs.

E.g. resist-resistance

Refuse-refusal

React-reaction

Persist-persistence

Cook-cookery

Alter-alteration

4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in bold.

1 The doctor said that the -------------of REMOVE

of the lump would be a simple operation.

2 Mrs. Taylor is sure to have a good reason for her……….ACT.

3 With your ………………… , I`ll be able to finish ASSIST

the report by Monday.

4” I`ve made an incredible …………………………,” DISCOVER

shouted the scientist .

4. The Prime minister made a …………. to the REFER

new law in his speech.

4. Ben refused to give her any ………………….. about INFORM

his new invention.

7. Have you ever travelled abroad? Which places have you visited? What do you know about their history? What did you see there? What were the people like?

Read the text and suggest synonyms\opposites for the highlighted words.

If you are looking for a magical holiday, why not visit the beautiful island of Bali? It is the kind of place that holiday-makers dream about.

According to legend, the King of Java created Bali when he sent his disobedient son away. The king watched his son walk away and waited until he disappeared in the distance. Then he drew a line in the sand. The seas flooded over the land and joined at this line, separating the king`s land from his son forever. The prince was lucky. He inherited Bali- the nearest thing to paradise on earth.

The heavenly island of Bali is set in the warm, blue Java sea. It is one of several Indonesian islands south to Borneo. The island is tiny and you can reach any part of it in a day. The way of life there is relaxed and the people are kind and gentle, so it`s the perfect place to forget about the stresses of everyday life.

Bali is very remote, so it was the secret holiday destination for rich people for many years. They knew that on Bali they could escape from the crowds of tourists who filled more popular resorts. But nothing remains a secret for long. Soon, luxurious hotels and private villas were built for the increasing number of visitors to the peaceful little island.

There is water everywhere in Bali. There are tumbling waterfalls, glittering pools and of course, the clear, blue sea. The people of Bali love being in water and they wash in the waterfalls and canals every day.

There is no doubt about its charm. With its peaceful atmosphere, luxurious hotels, friendly people and spectacular scenery, Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing holiday.

8. Decide on your country`s most important holiday resort and complete the spidergram. Then talk about the place.

Location things to see\do

----------- -----------

• Your country`s

most important holiday resort

nightlife\restaurants shopping

------------------------ ------------------

Help with Grammar

Reflexive pronouns

Use

-Reflexive pronouns are used after certain verbs (behave, cut enjoy, hurt, look at, laugh at, introduce, dry, teach etc.) when the subject and the object are the same. Did you hurt yourself? We introduced ourselves.

Certain verbs do not normally take a reflexive pronoun. These are: wash, shave, dress, complain, meet, rest, feel, stand up, get up, sit down, wake up etc. She feels fine.( NOT:she feels fine herself) However we can use wash and dress to talk about young children or animals. My son knows how to dress himself.( without help, alone)

Singular Plural

Myself ourselves

Yourself yourselves

Himself

Herself themselves

Itself

Note these expressions: Enjoy yourself!=Have a good time! Behave yourself=Be good! I like being by myself=I like being alone. She lives by herself= She lives alone. Help yourself with tea! = Don`t wait to be offered tea!

9. Use the verbs in the list and the correct reflexive pronouns to complete the sentences.

Hurt, scald, serve, switch, lock, pour

1 He --------------- out, so he had to climb through the window.

2 Most petrol stations these days are self-service, you have to ----------------.

3 The oven will -------------off when the food is ready.

4 I ------------------- when the kettle started boiling.

5. They were thirsty, so they --------------------------- a drink.

6. Chloe ………………….when she fell off her bike.

10 Complete the dialogues using the reflexive pronouns.

1. A: Did you need a map to find the hotel?

B: No, we found it by ------------------------

2. A: Paul`s a very talented guitar player.

B: Yes, he taught -----------------

3. A: The Smiths house looks great!

B: I believe they decorated it --------------------

4. A: What`s wrong with Julie?

B: Oh, she just wants to be by -------------

5. A: Where did you buy your dress?

B: I didn`t buy it, I made it ------------

11 Complete the sentences with the correct reflexive pronoun, then make sentences as in the examples.

1 Put that knife down. You`ll hurt -----------------.

If you don`t put that knife down, you`ll hurt yourself.

2 Tell Tom not to touch the iron. He`ll burn……………….

3 Don`t work so hard. You`ll wear ---------------out.

4. She mustn`t put her fingers in the socket! She`ll electrocute -------------

5. Boys, put that kettle down. You`ll scald ------------------------

12 Work in pairs. You want to travel to Manchester and you are at the train station. Think about the questions you will need to ask and answer. Use the following phrases.- Direct train to-time-ticket-single or return- cost-fare

13 Study the report.

A purpose

The aim of the report is to assess the suitability of Court`s Hotel for family holidays.

B Accommodation

Court`s Hotel contains 10 family size rooms which are extremely spacious. Each room could easily accommodate a family of six and has a small fridge. However the electrical equipment is not checked regularly and is not fitted with safety locks.

C Staff

All staff have received training in first aid and giving medical attention.

Although they aren`t available at all hours a day, they are polite and friendly and will be happy to resolve any problems that guests may have.

D Facilities |Services

Court`s Hotel has a play area with various activities.

Childcare assistants supervise this area every day from 8 to 3 pm. The hotel offers a free baby-sitting service for children aged 3 years and over. Despite the fact that it also has a children`s swimming pool, there`s only one lifeguard who is not on duty all day.

E Recommendation

On the whole, even though Court`s Hotel offers some excellent facilities and activities, it may not appeal to families with very young children.

I would only recommend this hotel to families with older children.

Unit 7

Active vocabulary: aimed, stressed, delayed, delicacies, natural habitat, breathtaking, comment, requirement, pursuit, family-run hotel, tranquil, custom, off the beaten track, stray.

1. Read the text and answer the questions.

Six of the Best.

A: Dive into the Red Sea

This holiday is prefect if you and your friends are after a seriously undemanding break with son, pools and the option of a little sporty diversion if you want it. This is a relaxing beach resort which enjoys year-round good weather; some of the best diving in the world and just enough nightlife to keep you amused. If you take the optional course, it only takes four days to pick up the basics of scuba diving. It`s not for everybody though, so try it out in your local pool back home before you commit yourself. Even if you hate scuba diving, you can always take yourself off for a swim with the local dolphin population or go sunbathing on the beach.

B: Be an ecotourist.

If you have guilty feelings about what we`re doing to the environment, you can lose them on the holiday. The work you do is as good for the world as it is for you. You can do your bit for the planet while enjoying some of the most beautiful sights of the natural world. Starting at daybreak, you`ll be working from boats albeit in the sunshine, as you study the behavior of some amazing sea mammals. You’ll be taking photos to identify individual animals, collecting skin samples for analysis and monitoring the animals movements. You don`t have to be too serious to enjoy this sort of working holiday, but you do have to be fairly fit!

C: Walking off the calories.

This is an ideal compromise for the food lover with a guilt complex. You can enjoy some of the best of French cuisine in a series of small family-run hotels, the ten mile walk from one to another cancelling out the calories. At least that`s the theory! The walks are divided into easy, average and difficult and as long as you select wisely, it shouldn`t be too taxing. What`s more, there`s plenty of time to gossip non-stop with your companions both along the way and over the dinner. Could there be a better way to make new friends?

D: An inspired choice.

If you feel there`s a novel in you somewhere, try a fiction writing course at the Skyros Center. If you`re ever going to write, it will happen here. Skyros is a beautiful, tranquil setting in which to have a go at improving yourself and the courses aren`t confined to writing. The center offers dozens of other self-improvement courses, including dance, music and theatre. If it all sounds a bit too arty, then you should leave your preconceptions behind you because these breaks are really what you make of them.

E: Recipe for success

This holiday was sensational, reported one person who`d signed up for two weeks in the ancient farmhouse in Italy. You meet people who all have something in common. And that something is a love of good food and drink. Although there are opportunities to be on your own if you prefer; the long cooking sessions provide an ideal environment for getting to know your fellow guests while you gain an insight into the local way of life. The highlight of the course, naturally is being able to eat the mouthwatering food you`ve prepared and the knowledge that you’ll be able to try your new –found expertise out on all your friends on your return.

F: City Break

People go to Bilbao mostly for the city`s artistic highlights and you can manage to pack quite a lot even in to a short stay. There are of course, fantastic shops, restaurants in the centre, but if you are prepared to stray just a short way off the beaten track, you`ll find places that are much cheaper where the local people go to shop and eat. And those local people are exceptionally friendly especially the café owners who are keen to tell you all the background of the sights and he local customs. Everyone who goes promises themselves that they`ll soon be going back and taking their friends along too.

Questions

On which of the holiday will you:

-have to get up early-

-Be able to choose how much to spend on meals-

-Find a fairly constant climate-

-find a good environment for creative work-

-get the chance to understand another culture better-

-Have contact with wildlife-

- have a chance to take part in scientific research-

-Have a number of planned activities to choose from –

-be offered rapid training in an activity-

-Find it easy to get to know other holiday-makers-

-learn a skill that will be useful back home-

2 Find these adjectives in the text. What nouns do they describe?

Undemanding-------------

Relaxing-------------------

Family-run------------------

Taxing------------------------

Tranquil-------------------------

Sensational--------------------

Mouth-watering--------------

Fantastic------------------------

Can you think of more nouns that can be described by these adjectives?

3 Tell the group about the best holiday you have ever had. Use adjectives from the text as much as possible.

4 Discuss the following:

What preparation would you need to make before going on a holiday?

What things would you need to take with you?

What kind of problems may you encounter on a holiday?

What`s the most interesting and enjoyable holiday you have ever had?

What places would you recommend a visitor to see in your country?

Helpful phrases:

Choose a good tour operator, to book well in advance, get vaccinations, confirm a flight| booking, apply for passport|visa, make a hotel reservation, arrange travel insurance, wrinkle-free| easy-to-pack clothing, sunglasses, walking shoes, travel light, first aid kit, travel sickness tablets, insect repellent, suntan lotion, get an upset stomach, get sunburnt| sunstroke.

Help with Grammar

Grammar file

A some\any (of)

1 Some holiday resorts are busy. Some (of them) are quieter.

2 It often takes some time to acclimatise.

(=a considerable time)

3 There are hardly any big hotels in that area. (=negative)

B all\none (of)

1 All Greek islands are beautiful. All of the Greek islands I know are stunning.

2 None (of them) is-are disappointing.

(+ affirmative verb. Singular is =formal)

C several (of) \ plenty of\ a lot of \ a great deal of

1 It took several hours to reach our resort.

(=quite a few)

2 There are plenty of\a lot of things to do.

(+ countable or uncountable nouns)

3 Take a great deal of care when driving.

( + uncountable noun)

D many, a few\few; much;, little\a little; more\most (of)

1 There aren`t many signs of pollution.

2 There isn`t much pollution. ( usually + negative verb)

3 A few villages sell souvenirs. (= a small number)

4. Few inhabitants speak Spanish . (= not many)

5. Take a little water with you. (= take some)

6. There is little natural water to drink. (= not much)

7 Many villagers have never left the island.

( = more formal than a lot of)

8 There is more nightlife in this resort.

(= an implied comparison)

9 Most ( of the) inhabitants are friendly.

E each ( of)\ every

1 There are many villages. Each ( of them) has a market. ( = considered separately)

2 Every house in the town is different.

( =each one of a group)

F both\either\neither (of)

1 there are two hotels. Both ( of them) are excellent.

2 Neither the locals nor the tourists want new development. (+ affirmative verb)

3 I want to visit either Crete or Corfu.

4 I haven`t seen either of the two main towns.

5.Underline the correct word or words in each pair.

Tourism can bring (1) a lot|much wealth to a country. Unfortunately, it also causes(2) many|much problems. (3) None of us don`t want | want to see beautiful places overdeveloped. But sometimes there seems (4) little| a little we can do about it. I go to Greece (5) all| every year for my favourite type of holiday. Relaxing! Like(6) the most|most of the Greek islands, Cephalonia has become very popular. In the past, it attracted only( 7) a little|a few foreign tourism. But recently there have been (8) a great deal of| a lot of changes. There were hardly (9) any| some hotels in my favourite resort ten years ago. Now there are (10) so many| so much I can`t count them. Fortunately, however (11) much of | many of the countryside remains undeveloped, so people can choose (12) neither|either a busy resort or peace and quiet.

6. Discuss in pairs.

Do you like going abroad for your holiday? Do you choose lively holiday resorts? Do you prefer to spend all your holiday just relaxing? Do you like your holidays to be action-packed? Would you be interested in a wildlife holiday? Is food an important consideration in your choice of holiday? Is the weather an important factor? Do you like to do a lot of sightseeing? Do you want to meet new people on your holiday? Is cost an important factor?

7.’Fiil in the blanks with quantifiers from grammar section.

In our survey, we asked over (1)…….. hundred people about their holiday preferences. Nearly (2)……….. those we questioned said that they like going abroad. Only (3) ………..people said they preferred to stay at home. (4)………… of the people that we questioned (90 percent) said they liked lively resorts. Hardly (5)…………… of them would choose a quiet area. People seem keen to spend (6)………….., but not all of their time relaxing. Action holidays are popular, but not with as (7)……………. people as we expected. Only a small percentage of the people questioned had been on a wildlife holiday, but there was (8)…………. Interest in this area, which was nice to know. Not surprisingly, (9) ………… food and the weather were seen as very important. In fact the vast majority, if not (10)………… the people we interviewed commented that if (11)…………. of these two areas were not up to the standard, their holiday will be ruined. Sightseeing is not a popular activity, it seems, and there was very (12)………… enthusiasm shown for this pursuit. However, it was pointed out that (13)……….. resort has something different to offer, and that (14)……….. are more interesting than others, so there was no easy way to answer this question. When it comes to meeting new people on holiday, there isn`t (15)……….doubt that is a major requirement. But the key factor, which is more important, than (16)…………. other, is the cost of the holiday.

5. Fill in : a lot, much, many.

1. Not ………….children believe in Father Christmas any more.

2. It takes…………..hard work to get a university degree.

3. I haven`t got ………… money at the moment so I can`t go shopping.

4. He ate too………….. food last night so today he isn`t feeling very well.

5. I have too …………. Books to carry so my bag is very heavy.

6. He must have………….money if he has a big car like that.

7. I haven`t got ………….. time, so please, hurry up.

8. There were too ……… misprints in the letter.

9. Have you invited ……………. guests to your dinner party?

10. She doesn`t have ………… of an appetite- that`s why she`s so thin.

11. Are there……………. English people living in Germany?

12. How …………….. milk do you need?

13. She`s working overtime as she`s got so …………. to do.

14. There was so …………. traffic that we were delayed for an hour.

8. Use: both, neither, none, all and write sentences with them.

Kate can ride a bike. Sue can ride a bike too.- Both of them can ride a bike.

John doesn`t like fish. Greg doesn`t like fish either.-

Mr. Tibbs doesn`t drive carefully. Mr. Patterson doesn`t drive carefully either.-

Ted has eaten a pizza. Tony has eaten a pizza too.-

Bob, Nick and Mike don`t speak English.-

Lin, Sue and Mary are riding their bikes.-

Ann hasn`t typed any letters today. Nadya hasn`t typed any letters today either.-

Helen, Rose and Donna like chocolate.-

9.

Complete the text with phrases from the box, there are two phrases you don`t need.

Situated in, blessed with, linked to, built for, set on, included in, designed by, surrounded by, lined with, visited by, located off, twinned with, crowded with.

Enjoy … a weekend break in Scotland.

Although Scotland borders England and its capital Edinburgh is (1) ………… London by a fast train service, it is very different from its neighbour. It has its own Assembly, its own flag and makes many of its own laws. Scotland is also (2)……….. truly breathtaking mountain and coastal scenery. It is (3)………… sea on three sides.

(4)……………..cities in no fewer than eight other countries. Edinburgh is an international city with excellent cultural and shopping facilities. It is (5)…………… millions of tourists every year who come to see the delights of the city- not least. Edinburgh Castle(6)………………… a hill high above the city centre, the castle is well worth a visit for its fantastic views. The cobbled streets around the castle (7)………………tourists in summer, echo with the history of this great city.

You can also shop on wide streets (8) …………….. elegant buildings or in the bustling market at stalls selling everything from woolen sweaters to the Scottish delicacy haggis.

For wildlife enthusiasts, a trip to the island of Skye is a “must” and the distance from Edinburgh is surprisingly short. On the little island(9)……………….the west coast of Scotland wildlife watchers can observe a range of animals in their natural habitat, including otters, eagles, dolphins and seals.

Why not book your weekend break now? Return air fare, bed and breakfast at a hotel (10)…………. the city centre and a guided tour of Edinburgh Castle are all (11)…………..the price. Trips to Skye can be arranged as extra. Call us or visit our website.

10 Answer these questions from a tourist.

What is your town|city especially famous for? What places would you recommend to see? What local delicacies should I try?

11 Ask and answer in pairs.

Have you ever …………..

1…. missed plane or train? Why?

(oversleep, car| taxi break down, be held in a traffic jam, etc.)

2….. forgotten your passport? What did you do?

Has….

3…..your flight ever been delayed or cancelled? Why? What did you do ? Did you ask for compensation?

4….. your luggage ever been lost or sent to the wrong direction? Did you get it back? How?

12. Discuss in pairs positive and negative aspects of tourism.

(e,g.) brings money to the area or beaches ruined.

13. Read the text, use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

Advertising

In recent years, Britain has seen the (1)……………. INTRODUCE

of a series of laws designed to control advertising, (2)……………. SPECIAL

the promotion of certain goods to young people. For example, the (2)…. REPLACE

of main meals with snack foods should not be encouraged in advertisements and

(3)……………aimed at young people should not COMPETE

involve making an (4)………………. number of purchases. EXCEED

Health (5)…………… for young people are also being more strictly PRODUCE

controlled than in the past. For example, it is now (6)………….. to POSSIBLE

advertise slimming foods which are specifically aimed at teenagers and the

(7)………….of medical supervision in dieting has to be stressed at IMPORTANT

all times. And companies claiming that their goods`re environmentally

(9)………. which often makes them more attractive to young FRIEND

people, must be able to prove that what they say is true.

Unit 8

Active vocabulary: manufacturer, lightweight, take off, landing, fold up, possess, socket, nightmare, luggage, en-route, via, see off, head for, hold up, inhabitant, cable car, visible, goods.

1. Name the types of holidays . Which one appeals to you most and why?

I enjoy going camping because I like to be close to nature.

2. a) match the words to form compound nouns.

A B

charter project

eco-tourism companion

travel flight

holiday romance

travelling attraction

departure cheques

seaside brochure

remote lounge

tourist resort

traveller`s area

b) Use four of the compound nouns to make sentences about different aspects of holidays.

e.g. Charter flights are quite cheap.

c) Together with a partner, briefly discuss how you feel about holidays. Your partner can either:

- interrupt to express his\her opinion

- encourage you to say more

Use the useful language box.

Interrupting Encouraging

- I`m sorry to interrupt , but................ -Why do you think that?

- Could I just say something..................... - What makes you say that?

- if I could just add something to that............ - Can you give me an example of

what you mean?

- I see what you mean, but................ - Could you be more specific?

- Yes, but............... - I don`t quite understand

E,g, what you mean

A: If you ask me, charter flights are cheap, but they`re really inconvenient.

B: What makes you say that?

A: Will, the flight times are usually in the middle of the night.

3. Paraphrase the following statements. Which one do you agree with? Why? Discuss.

When we travel we learn about ourselves as well as the places we visit.

Home is where the heart is.

4. How can tourists behave responsibly in the places they visit? Discuss.

A: To me,they should not drop litter and make sure they leave the place exactly as they found it.

B: Yes, they should respect their surroundings and take good care of them.

5 a. Read the title of the article. Why does the writer describe the holidays as "guilt-free"? Skim the text and check.

b. answer the questions 1-14 . In pairs try to paraphrase them, and then try to guess the answers to the questions.

c. read the text and answer the questions 1-14. Choose from the texts (A-D)

In which area(s):

- do local people and travel companies agree? 0 B

- will a new plan spoil the view from a well-known spot

- can you see something used for a different purpose.

- can you live as the natives do?

- was the project set up because of a financial crisis?

- has the government agreed to the plan?

- are there different opinions on what should be done?

- do the authorities want to encourage wealthier tourists?

- will future plans benefit a certain group of tourists?

- is the group looking for assistance with the project?

- will tourists have the opportunity to see wild animals?

-can you find a very easy-going atmosphere?

- are they trying to make life easier for tourists?

Guilt-free holidays

Eco- tourism is becoming more and more popular, and it`s easy to see why. Deprived areas make the most of their natural attractions, the environment benefits and travellers feel they are "giving" something back` to the places they visit. Perhaps the age of responsible tourism has arrived at last. Let`s look at four very different eco-tourism projects from around the globe.

A Sinking a warship

A group in England is planning to sink a retired warship in order to use it as an artificial diving reef. They plan to sink the ship off the Cornish coast and hope the project will generate ten million pounds a year for the local economy by attracting diving enthusiasts .

It is believed that the reef will encourage eco-tourism through diving , as well as help protect fish stocks and marine life in general. The sunken ship would attract divers from across Europe and there will be facilities for able-bodied and disabled divers.

The group is appealing to similar organizations in the hope that they will help them, not only financially but also by sharing their knowledge on such projects.

The scheme would be the first for Britain. Other countries including America and Australia already have artificial reefs created from redundant ships, and the response from diving enthusiasts has so far proved amazing.

B Hippies Go Home

Goa`s Anjuna beach is a place which symbolises the carefree hippie lifestyle. It is a place where low budget tourists go when they have run out of money. At the weekly market, travellers try to sell their cameras, cassettes, guitars and even their clothes.

However, it may soon all be over because the local authorities have announced that they want to discourage tourists who visit the area on shoestring budgets.

Local residents do not entirely agree. Although they would like to see better-off tourists in Goa,they do not think it wise to turn away the budget travellers. Tourist organisations want to concentrate on eco-tourism and plan to organise jungle safaris because they believe such projects will attract up-market travellers. Both the residents and the travel organisations feel that it is not sensible to snub the tourists they already have in an attempt to attract more wealthy visitors.

C Inca Cable Car

The Inca people built Machu Picchu high up in the mountains because the area was so remote. Now these pristine mountains will be changed forever by Swiss engineering. A Swiss company plans to build a cable car to lift visitors 500m up into the mountains. This means that travellers will no longer have to trek for days along the Inca trail to sample the magic of Machu Picchu. Opponents to the scheme argue that the cable car will be visible from the site`s famous Sun Temple. There is also a wider concern that big business tourism will benefit from the scheme , while local inhabitants who earn little money from tourism will not. UNESCO would like to see the development of eco- tourism rather than mass tourism in the area. The Peruvian government on the other hand supports the cable car scheme, saying that it will allow it to go ahead, and it will see that character of Machu Picchu is preserved.

D African Village experience

55 An eco-tourism project with a difference has just been launched in the South Luangwa National Park in Zambia. Tourists will be offered the chance to encounter a wide range of wildlife and a great deal more. This project was set up by the local villagers who were suffering from a downturn in the national economy . They decided to raise money themselves to cover the cost of educational and welfare projects. Tourists will be invited to live the African Village Experience. The tours are led by English speaking villagers, and visitors can choose from activities such as meeting the local healer to taking part in cooking or farming. Visitors are also offered the option of staying the night in the village. What`s more, they are encouraged to join in all the local traditions, such as using the left hand to eat with and eating in separate dining areas for males and females.

6.a) Find five words in the text which are geographical features, are there any such features in your country? (e.g. reef)

b)Find words|phrases in the text which mean:

1 not natural…………

2 to produce………….

3 to put off……………

4. to insult or ignore……….

5 untouched, clean…………..

4. services provided to help with living conditions and financial problems……

c) Explain the meaning of the words and phrases in bold.

4. . Discussion-Make a sentence summary for each part of the text (A-D) Do you think the projects will be successful? Why? Why not?

4. . In pairs, name three of the most important historical sites|buildings in your country. What do you know about them? Discuss.

4. Put the verbs in bold into the correct boxes according to the stage of a journey they are associated with.

beginning	during	end

We were held up in a traffic jam.

There was no direct train so we had to go via Birmingham.

We stopped to have a picnic en-route.

I`ll be at the station to see you off.

We `ll have to get going if we want to reach Bristol by 6 pm.

We passed through some lovely countryside on the way.

We boarded the train in Paris and got off in London.

We set off very early in the morning and headed for Rome.

4. Imagine that you and your partner are going to Mexico and you have to share a suitcase. There is only enough space for 5 items. In pairs decide which 5 you will need to pack.

Note helpful phrases:

Persuading: Surely the most sensible thing should be….

I really think it would be a pity, if we didn`t……

It`s vital|important that………….

I really think we should…………

Agreeing: You are probably right……….

Let`s do that!

That is a wonderful idea.

We could always………

Disagreeing: It`s no good|no use………..

I can`t see the| any point in………….

No way…………..

11. Read the announcements and underline the correct word. Where you might hear them?

1. All passengers|customers for flight FRU 246 to Madrid please proceed to gate 3.

2. The train standing at platform{station 1 is the 14.20 service to London Euston.

3. Passengers are reminded to keep their handbag|luggage with them at all times.

4. We will be docking|landing at Calais in 30 minutes.

5. Avoid the G45 and use an alternative road|route or you could face very long delays.

12. Fill in the correct particle.

1. Call the hotel and tell them we will check………..tomorrow before lunch.

2. They set……………for Bristol early in the morning.

3. The plane took………….at 3 pm. and landed in Mexico at 9.30 pm.

4. Their car broke ………….on the way to Nottinghill.

5. John will pick you ………….. from the station.

6. Can you slow………? You`re exceeding the speed limit.

13 a)Read the text and decide if the statements are true or false.

With summer just around the corner, our thoughts turn to holidays. I`d like to share with you a few tips to ensure that all goes smoothly.

First things first. We`ll start with packing. Most toiletry manufacturers seem to make a special point of packaging their products in containers which are either large or heavy. One way to cut down on the weight in your bag is to buy some small bottles and pour into them just enough shampoo or shower gel for the holiday. Another idea is to collect samples of toiletries throughout the year, ready for when holiday time comes around.

What else needs to go in the suitcase? It`s a good idea to take a few odds and ends with you such as an alarm clock, washing powder, and an adaptor plug for foreign sockets.

Still on the subject of packing, let’s look at suitcases. To keep your cases safe keep them simple! If you use very expensive designer suitcases you will invite theft. A simple case won`t be noticed as much by thieves. Make sure your case is hard to open and has a tough strap around it too as this will further deter thieves.

Let`s talk about the journey itself now. If you`re flying with young children, a pocketful of sweets can save tears. Children`s ears will be less affected by air pressure changes in the cabin of the aircraft during take-off and landing, if they suck a sweet. Another point about travelling with children is carrying all the toys they want to take with them. This can be a nightmare for parents because some children want to take every toy they possess away with them on holiday! You can get around this problem by giving them a small bag of their own and telling them they can take anything they like , as long as it fits in the bag. Remember, if your children have a happy holiday, then so will you.

Once you`ve reached your destination, and you`ve spent a few days seeing the sights and relaxing, you`ll probably want to send a few postcards home to tell everyone about it. If you don’t know your friends` addresses by heart, you can write out their addresses on self-adhesive labels before you leave home. Then, after you`ve written your postcards, just stick a label on the back and pop them in the post. The labels which remain will remind you of the friends you haven`t sent a postcard to, and no one will be forgotten! One more idea is to send photographs instead of postcards. They`re much more personal and everyone at home will be able to see what you`re up to.

Many of us enjoy shopping when we`re away from home and often when we`re on holiday we spot bargains or find souvenirs that we want to take back with us, but we don’t have much room in our suitcase. The solution is to carry an extra fold-up bag in the bottom of your case, that way you`ll have enough space to carry everything on your return journey. One more tip related to buying things: if you purchase something expensive, it`s a good idea to keep the receipt with you at the airport when you`re going home. That way, if you `re questioned by customs officials about the item, you`ve got proof of purchase. Keeping receipts can save you a lot of time and trouble.

So, those are my tips for a happy and trouble –free holiday. Little things mean a lot; they can make or break a holiday. If you have some of your own holiday tips, I`d love hear from you….

1 Toiletry manufactures make special lightweight travel products. ………..

2 Inexpensive suitcases attract thieves. ……………..

3 Eating sweets is dangerous for children during take-off and landing. ………….

4 Limit the number of toys your child takes abroad. ………

4. Taking addressed envelopes reminds you to contact all your friends. ………

5. Shop for things which will actually fit in your suitcases.

6. At the airport you may be asked about certain items in your luggage. ………

7. Taking care of small details is important. ……………..

b) Do you agree with this advice?

Unit 9

Active vocabulary: guarantee, remark, loan, cause, cargo, publicity, assumption, apologise, fed up with, fault, instead, chopstick, occupied, concern, grumpy, replace with, supervise.

1Read three short extracts and match them to the holidays.

-Safari

-Tropical island

-Mountain village

A

It was just wonderful, and so quiet, we only counted a handful of holidaymakers, while we were there. We spent our time relaxing, picnicking and watching the wildlife. The cottage was really simple of course but comfortable. To tell you the truth, it was good to escape from the TV , the phone, the fax and the computer. Here are some photos of turtles nesting on the beach…

B

I`d recommend this type of holiday to anyone who wants to come home completely relaxed and ready to face the world again. The whole place was just so atmospheric and it`s seeped in history as you know. The food was lovely, actually grown in the gardens, so everything that we were served was really fresh. And the scenery from the top was just breathtaking.

C

When I went over the Rift Valley in a helicopter it took my breath away. I slept under the stars and breakfasted in the open air. I fell in love with the place. The amount of wildlife you see is amazing, I`ll definitely go back.

2 Which of these opinions about travel do you agree or disagree with? Give reasons.

1. The best time to travel is when all the holiday crowds have gone home.

2. It`s better travel independently than to go on a package holiday where everything is arranged for you.

3. It`s better for young children to have holidays close to home.

3. Read five extracts, about people`s opinion of travelling, match them to the following. There`s one extra sentence you don`t need.

-Have some clothes in your flight bag

- Travel abroad later in the year

-Travel companies are less helpful than they should be

-Organise your holiday yourself

-Have a summer holiday in England

A competition for a holiday is a good idea

A

Apart from people with children of school age, who have little choice when to take their holiday, I have very little sympathy for people who moan about delays. Why do they not use their imagination and go somewhere a little more interesting, and a little less crowded? And why do people choose to go on a holiday in July and August? I take my annual holidays in October and November right now; the weather is beautiful in the UK- you have to be crazy to want to go somewhere else. This way I enjoy the best of both worlds. Summer in sunny England and autumn in sunny Spain.

B

Why do people keep going on package holidays? Arrange it yourselves and save lots of money. We`ve just come back from Algarve. We drove there and back through France and Spain. It took 3 days to get there as we stopped off every 2 or 3 hours to have something to eat and drink or just to look around and swim in the sea. You get to see a heck of a lot more places too. We booked our hotel on the internet and arranged car cover with a French version of AA who only charged us & 56 for total travel cover. So no waiting at airports, no coaches, no enforced walks, no taxis and no grumpy people. Take it from me. It was a fabulous holiday!

C

I had a wonderful week`s holiday in Ibiza that was only slightly spoilt by a coach drivers` strike. The holiday reps did everything they could to get us to the airport on time and didn`t cope too badly considering the circumstances. The airline was awful though. They put us on to a different plane that had no food or drink aboard. It went to the wrong airport so we were put on another plane – still without any refreshments – back to London. No apology either. And at Gatwick I had to wait for 2 hours whilst the baggage handlers unloaded the plane with no explanation of the delay. In fact they only managed to do four other planes at that time. It would have helped if someone from the firm we flew with had been there to sort things out but then they were probably too busy guessing where their other planes were landing.

D

No matter how careful you are and whatever precautions you take, there is always a chance that your luggage will be lost at an airport. If your appearance matters to you- and especially if you are travelling on business – it can take a lot of worry out of a journey if you carry everything you need for one night and one smart day in your hand luggage. There are always some things that people love to wear more than others, so it`s best to make sure that the one thing you pick for your hand luggage is the one you would most hate to lose. That way if the rest are lost you can at least comfort yourself with thought that your favourite is still with you. It has happened to me twice and each time having something smart to wear the next day saved my life.

E

I had a barbecue in my back garden and invited some friends over to enjoy the heat in that well-known sunspot called London. I don`t understand why people take small kids to places like Spain – a small child will be hard pressed to tell the difference between Majorca and Bournemouth in the summer, you don’t have to change your currency and even having to put up with the problems of our rail system has to be better than flight delays at either end of the trip. If finding things to keep the kids occupied is your main holiday concern, take a bit more time and care in choosing your destination and child-friendly way of getting there.

3. A)Discuss the following:

Which souvenirs are popular in your country? Which would you suggest a tourist should buy and why?

Why is it important for someone to have a holiday?

Where do you prefer spending your holiday in your country or abroad?

b) Read the dialogue and then make your own dialogues about shopping some souvenirs.

SA: Mmmm, the necklace is quite nice, but I don’t think I’d buy it.

SB: I think it`s quite pretty. I might buy it for by mother. The hats are great, though, aren’t they? What are they called? Sombreros?

SA: Yes, but imagine trying to carry them home! You couldn`t wear them on the plane . They`re too big! Now, here`s a nice little souvenir you could put in your rucksack.

SB: Yes, but it`s a bit boring, isn`t it ? I don’t think I’d buy it. The bowl is really pretty, though, and the chopsticks. I would buy that.

SA: I think I’d be worried it would break. They break very easily, you know. I would buy the fan instead because I love the colors and it`s easy to transport. What do you call this? For candles?

SB: Mmmm….a candlestick, I think.

SA: A candlestick! It`s nice, but it`s probably very heavy.

SB: yes, it would be difficult to carry it! This mask looks interesting, doesn`t it? Maybe it`s from Africa.

SA: Mmmm…I think it`s lovely. I think I would buy that. The money belt is very ordinary, isn`t it? You could buy that anywhere.

SB: yes,it doesn`t look like a souvenir to me. And you have a money belt before you go on holiday, anyway. What`s this? It`s like some kind of furniture.

SA: yes. It`s beautiful, but how on earth could you carry that?

SB: Well, you couldn`t. And you couldn`t take it on the plane, anyway!

SA: you`d have to send it by boat, and that would be very expensive! The next thing is furniture, too.

SB: Mmmm, it`s smaller but still difficult to carry, I think.

SA: and the legs could break easily, too. Do you like this oil lamp?

SB: yes, I think it`s very pretty.

SA: But it could break very easily, too.

SB: Mmmm….you`d have to wrap it up very carefully in lots of paper.

SA: I`d still be worried. I think. Though it is very nice, I agree. I would definitely buy the fan and the mask, and I would definitely not buy the hats or the big piece of furniture. What about you?

SB: mmmm..I`d definitely buy the sombreros and the bowl and chopsticks, and would definitely not buy the big piece of furniture or the money belt.

3. Complaining-Criticising-Apologising

Read the dialogue and underline the phrases used to complain, apologise or criticise. What is the relationship between people? What is the problem?

A I`m sorry to say that I am very disappointed with my hotel room.

B What exactly is the problem?

A You didn`t mention in the brochure that the hotel is built next to a railway line and trains pass all night. I`m really fed up with the noise.

B Oh dear, I don`t know what to say. I`m so sorry.

3. What other problems may people experience on holiday? Use the phrase from below to act out the similar dialogues in the following situations.

-you arrive at your destination in Spain, but your luggage has gone to France.

-The quality if food in your hotel is very poor.

-You asked the hotel receptionist to give you a wake-up call for an excursion. She didn`t and you missed the excursion.

Complaining

-I`m afraid I`ve got a complaint

-I`m sorry to say that I`m very disappointed with……….

-I`m afraid to say I have a number of complaints about….

- Look, I`m sorry to trouble you, but I wonder If you could……….

-There`s something I`d like to talk to you about. It`s just that you promised to…….

Criticising

-I`ve had enough of……

-I`m fed up with…….

-It`s about time you did……………. , isn`t it?

-It`s all your fault that…………..

-You could at least have…………

-You shouldn`t have………….

-Why couldn`t you…………….

Apologising

-Oh, I`m ever so sorry!

-Oh dear, I don`t know what to say.

- Oh dear, I`m terribly sorry about that, I`ll see to it as soon as possible.

-Gosh, you`re right. I forgot all about it. I`m sorry.

-I`m so sorry, I`ll make sure it doesn’t happen again.

7Act out a dialogue. A friend of yours has invited you to stay with her at the summer house. While you `re there she:

-shows you around the house and asks what you think of it.

-cooks you a special meal.

-takes you on a tour of the local area

Helpful phrases .

Asking for an opinion- So, what do you think?

Do you like…. ?

How do you like my………..?

Thanking- Thanks, I`m glad you like it

Thanks for saying so.

You`re kind.

Complimenting- Well, that looks really nice.

-It`s really beautiful.

Mmmm, that smells superb.

I think it`s brilliant

That`s absolutely delicious!

Ahh yes, it`s wonderful.

What a great idea!

It look fantastic!

3. In pairs act out short dialogues using the sentences below. The class guesses where each dialogue takes place.

A But I didn`t order fish

B Do you need a hand?

C Is that single or return?

D I don`t have anything under that name here.

E Aisle or window seat?

F Is that to take away?

G We`ve only got them in a 38.

Help with Grammar

Modal verbs

Obligation\ Duty\Necessity : Must, have to, should, ought to, need.

Absence of necessity: needn`t, don`t have to, don`t need to

Prohibition: mustn`t, can`t

Logical assumption: must, can`t, couldn`t

Possibility: can, could, may, might

Ability\permission: can, could, may, might

8a) Complete each sentence with an appropriate modal verb of obligation or necessity.

1 You………..get a visa when travelling between EU countries.

2 The cabin crew of an aeroplane…………..check the passengers have their seatbelts fastened before take-off.

3 First class travelers………..worry about small, uncomfortable seats.

4 If you`re travelling to an area with tropical diseases, you ………. Have vaccinations.

b) In pairs, write two answers to each question.

What….

1……… ought you to check before going to the airport?

2………..do you have to do when travelling abroad?

3………mustn`t you take through customs?

4……… does an air steward have to check before take-off?

5………. shouldn`t you do on the beach?

c) What do the modals in bold mean? Discuss in pairs.

1 in pairs.

1You shouldn`t have any trouble getting there.

2 It can take longer than you think.

3 He must be on the train somewhere.

4 It may not be such a nice place to live.

5 Someone might give you a lift if you ask.

6 He should be arriving there about now.

7 I couldn`t ask her to lend me her car.

8 This can`t be the place we`re supposed to meet.

9a)Fill in can, can`t, could. Which express ability? Which express permission?

1 …………………… you really get me tickets too?

2 The guide ………………..not give us an answer.

3……… I have the key to my room, please?

4 The chef………cook you anything.

5 You………………..get flights much cheaper last year.

6 …………..we use the tennis court, please?

7 Anyone……….join the travel club.

8You……… change your money here, you`ll have to go to a bank.

b) In pairs think of questions to ask the following people using can, could.

- air stewardess- tour guide-hotel receptionist

10 In pairs ask and answer questions about your country.

1 visa\travel\USA?

e.g.(Do you have to have a visa to travel to the USA?)

2 pets\allowed\public transport?

3 travel abroad\ Id card\ passport?

4 camp\allowed\beaches\public parks?

11 In pairs write the abstract noun, concrete noun, adjective and adverb from the following. Then write sentences with them.

-admire, compete, correct, enthuse, exhaust, expend, organize, guide, invite, produce, qualify, repeat.

12.Fill in the gaps with words formed from the words in capitals.

Most of the major French rivers are either too shallow or busy for pleasure boats-but that doesn`t detract from the breathtaking beauty of the

1)…………………. . The river Loire flows through beautiful SURROUND

flat 2)………….. which is excellent for cycling. Blois is an COUNTRY

ideally 3)……….. base, as it is a busy, but very pleasant SITUATE

4)…………… town. On one of my visits there I found a BUSTLE

note on my car from the police, saying that, though flattered I had chosen to visit their town, I had parked 5)…………… and could I park more LEGAL

6)…………next time. The chateau at Blois has an incredibly CARE

7)……………… staircase thought to have been designed by STYLE

Leonardo da Vinci. From here it is a flat 10-mile cycle ride to the chateau of Chambord, renowned for its 8)………….. skyline, which has FORGET

been likened to an overcrowded chessboard. Also worth visiting is the

9)…………. chateau at Chaumont with its surprisingly modern NEIGHBOUR19-century interior.

13 Choose the right word to fill in each gap.(A B C D)

Holiday complaints.

There are too many people in Britain today who are ready to complain rather than enjoy their holiday and who 1) …………. the word about how easy it is to 2)……… money back from the travel industry which appears to have become paralysed with fear over bad 3)………. .

I recently heard a middle-aged woman protesting bitterly that she had had to pay for the 4)………. of a golf cart during an all-inclusive golfing holiday in Jamaica and demanded back all the money spent on the cart 5)………… with more for the “distress “ she had been 6)………….. . A friend of mine recently 7)………… a group of young lads deciding, before they even8)…………. the aircraft, what they were going to complain about to get a 9)……….. on the cost of their holiday and which high-value item would be “lost” during the 10)…………… .

Last month a Manchester man led a “ mutiny” of 200 passengers on a 11)…………. ship because, he said, the bingo prize was not big enough. This week I heard details of a honeymoon 12)…………who were sent a big bouquet of flowers by the tour operator and then complained that it was too big and 13)……..

them from moving freely about their hotel room. These types, who we have all met in airport14)…………. just make the 15)…………. of us suffer, when they lie and fool tour operators into handing cash back.

1 A give B spread C pass D tell

2 A get B take C ask D award

3 A review B publicity C media D reputation

4 A loan B rent C let D hire

5 A plus B together C as D extra

6 A caused B suffered C done D made

7 A listened B overheard C remarked D suspected

8 A took B landed C boarded D caught

9 A deposit B guarantee C refund D cut

10 A travel B ride C excursion D trip

11 A ferry B tour C cruise D cargo

12 A pair B couple C duo D double

13 A harmed B prevented C limited D reduced

14 A lounges B spaces C halls D sitting rooms

15 A others B rest C else D left.

Unit 10

Active vocabulary; neighbourhood, precautions, electrical failure, power generator, toss and turn, anxious, turquoise, luxurious, crystal, thrilled, apparently, therefore, over take, elated, puzzled.

1 Read the story and put the paragraphs in the correct order. Then, answer the questions that follow.

A lucky Mistake

a

After I had checked in, I made my way slowly to the departure gate. As I was waiting to board the plane, I kept thinking about my ideal holiday destination: Jamaica, with its long, sandy beaches and crystal clear water.

B

So there I was, lying on the beach, enjoying the music and sampling the marvellous food of Jamaica! As for aunt Rosa, I suppose she just had to live without me!

The day of my holiday arrived, but I wasn`t looking forward to it. I had little money and had only been able to afford to stay with my aunt Rosa in Spain. So I wasn`t really thrilled as I knew exactly what it was going to be like: lots of noisy cousins and aunt Rosa begging me to take her for a ride.

As soon as the plane took off, I fell fast asleep and only woke to the sound of the announcement: “Ladies and Gentlemen, Please fasten your seatbelts, as we will shortly be landing in Kingston.” I froze in my seat. Was I dreaming? Kingston? Jamaica? I had boarded the wrong plane!

Immediately after the plane had landed, I explained the situation to the authorities. It seems there were also three other passengers heading for Spain. Apparently it had been the airline`s fault, since the flight numbers for Jamaica and Spain were exactly the same! Therefore, with no flight back to London for a week, the airline had no choice but to pay for our stay.

Questions.

1 Which tenses have been used? What does each verb describe( actions, events, feelings, etc.)

2 Underline the adjectives used and say which have a positive or a negative meaning?

3 Circle the adverbs used and decide which show manner, time or degree.

4 Which words show the sequence of events.

5 Which words\clauses describe the writer’s feelings\moods?

6 Which is the main event? Underline it.

Time words and phrases

To show the sequence of events in a story we can use linking words such as:

-when, while, as soon as, after, before, at that moment, by the time, first, next, soon, then, eventually, meanwhile, after a while, suddenly, at first, finally, as.

2 a) Read the extract below and underline the time words and phrases.

As soon as the taxi pulled up outside the hotel, we knew we had made a terrible mistake. When we had booked our holiday, the travel agent said that the hotel Mirage was a 4-star hotel in the centre of the town. This was an old rundown building and we were miles from anywhere!

While we were waiting to check in, we heard one of the guests complaining that there was no hot water in the bathroom and her room was crawling with cockroaches! At that moment we both decided that we would only spend one night there and first thing in the morning we would look for another place to stay.

b) Read the rest of the story and fill in appropriate time words and phrases form above.

1)…………………………. it was our turn to check in but the hotel receptionist said she couldn`t find our reservation. 2)………….. we did not know what was wrong. 3)………………. , she asked to check our confirmation details. : You`re in the wrong place”, she said eventually. “ This is Le Mirage. Your hotel is called Mirage and it`s in the centre of town.” She called a taxi for us and 25 minutes later we arrived at a beautiful, luxurious hotel.

4)…………………… we had checked in and the porter had taken our luggage up to our suite overlooking the pool, we both breathed a sigh of relief.. 5)………. our holiday was about to begin.

Help with grammar

We can use various past tenses in a story.

-Past simple- to describe actions which started and ended in the past, or actions which happened one after the other in the past.

-past continuous- to set the scene or to describe events\actions in progress at a certain time in the past.

-past perfect- for actions which happened before other past action, or to give the background of the story.

3 Read the extract and put the verbs in brackets into the correct past tense.

The Smiths problems1)………….(begin) when they 2)…………….(arrive) at the airport. They3)…………..(stand) in the queue to check in when they 4)………………..(hear) that their plane had been delayed. They would have to wait around at the airport for another four hours. They5)……….(decide) to do some shopping in the airport shops, but ten minutes later all the shops 6)……….(start) closing. Apparently, the shops7)…………..(shut) at 9pm.

They 8)………………(find) a newsagent that was open and they 9)………….(buy) some magazines and a few sweets to eat on the plane. The airline representative 10)……………(give) them food coupons to use at the airport cafeteria, but when they11)………….( get) there it 12)……….(be) so full that they couldn`t find a seat. They 13)…………….(think) they might treat themselves to a meal in the expensive restaurant near the first class lounge. Unfortunately, when the bill14)…………….(come) they 15)………….(realize) that they 16)………….(change) most of their money into US dollars and they couldn`t pay it!

4 Complete the dialogue.

A:Why1)………… get tickets for the concert tonight?

B: To 2)……….. , I don`t fancy it. I`m 3)……….. mood for live music.

A: OK, how4)……………… to the theatre?

B: That 5)…………….a good idea to me.

5 Circle the correct response

A: Guess what? Jim is in town.

B: a. I kind of like it.

b. No, really?

A: I`m sorry to trouble you, but I wonder if you could do something about that noise.

B: a. It`s about time you did something, isn`t it?

b. I`m terribly sorry about that! I`ll see to it as soon as possible.

A:It`s all your fault that we`re late!

B: a. What exactly is the problem?

b. I`m so sorry!

A: That`s absolutely delicious!

B: a. Thanks, I`m glad you like it.

b. Well, I don`t believe it!

A: How do you like it?

B: a. Thanks for saying so.

b. I think it`s brilliant!

6a) Read the two paragraphs below and compare them, saying which is more interesting to the reader and why?

A The next morning we decided to go to the beach. It was a bright, warm sunny day and even though it was early, there were quite a few people there already. We found a lovely spot and spread out our towels on the warm, golden sand. The sea looked very inviting. It was a beautiful, clear, turquoise blue and it seemed to sparkle in the sunlight. We spent the whole morning sunbathing and swimming.

B Julie sat in the café in the nice fishing village. She was watching people getting off the big cruise ship. Her nice face lit up and she smiled as she saw her nice 80-year-old grandmother walking towards her wearing a nice dress. She hugged Julie, sat down opposite her and gave a small sigh of joy. After the bad time she had had getting there, she felt very lucky to finally be on the island with her nice grandmother.

b) Use the adjectives below to make paragraph B more interesting to read.

-delightful, pleasant, tiny, enormous, horrible colourful, beautiful, wonderful.

7 The paragraph below has no adverbs. Improve the writing style by placing adverbs from the list.

-gratefully, anxiously, carefully, suddenly, quickly, absolutely.

We had been sightseeing all day and we were exhausted. We were on our way back to our hotel when I realized that my purse was missing. I remembered that the last time I had used it was at the café where we had stopped for a drink. We made our way back to the café and went over to the table we had been sitting at. We checked to see if it had fallen on the floor, but it wasn`t there. We asked to see the manager and we explained that my purse was missing. He asked us to describe what it looked like and what was inside. He listened then went back into his office and came out carrying my purse. We thanked him and he offered us coffee and dessert.

8 Match the beginnings of the stories to the endings.

Beginnings.

1 It was an extremely hot August night and Paul was lying in bed. As he tossed and turned he could hear the strange sounds of the unfamiliar city in the distance. He got up, walked to the window and looked out.” What am I doing here?” he asked himself.

2 Have you ever had one of those days when no matter what you do everything seems to go wrong? Well, I had one of those days last year.

3 Dark clouds were getting outside and the wind was howling. As the hotel guests gathered in the lobby, their faces looking extremely worried, Andrew looked at his wife and said,” Don`t worry, darling. Everything will be all right.”

Endings

A No matter how many times I go over that day in my mind . I am amazed at how the events just fell into place. But I suppose that`s life, isn`t it?

B Stepping carefully over the broken pieces of glass. Andrew and his wife followed the others out of the hotel. They were all tired, hungry and still in shock, but they were very happy to be alive!

C As the jeep rolled across the vast desert, Paul looked back at the walled city, now only a small dot on the horizon. With a deep sigh of relief he said, “ I`m so glad it`s all over.”.

9 Read what five people are telling about their problems they faced while travelling, then answer the questions.

A You know it`s absolutely infuriating. This cannot be legal! I book my flight in advance, I come to the airport, I`m told that I`ve got no seat on the plane! Have you heard anything more outrageous? Sure they have offered me compensation. But what good does that do me? I won`t be in London this morning. I won`t take my appointment, I won`t do my job. Airlines just don`t care anymore. It`s shameless. Now I have to call my boss and explain this. He’ll go ballistic, I know he will.

B From Corfu we took the ferry to Bari. The crossing was a bit rough, and Alan didn`t feel very well. Anyway we got to Bari and then it was straight on the train to Milan. Now that`s what I call a long journey. I thought we`d save our money so we didn`t get a berth, which was a bad, bad idea. When we got to Milan we were shattered. Sarah in particular had a migraine which stayed with her three whole days.

C The plane started rocking from side to side, quite violently, then we lost power and the whole cabin was in darkness. Being a pilot I knew that what we were up against was an electrical failure, but I also knew that this didn`t necessarily mean that the plane was in trouble. The back-up power generators had kicked in, making sure that the vital instruments continued to function. We made an emergency landing shortly, afterwards, the passenger cabin still in total darkness. Everyone was safe, but very shaken.

D I suppose it was my responsibility to make sure that the tank was full, but it completely slipped my mind. The warning light had come on, but nobody noticed. Anyway the engine stopped. Just like that , it was the middle of the night, we were on a 8-road somewhere in Cumbria, about 15-miles from the nearest petrol station. In the end I had to call the AA on my mobile. They were there within the hour and filled up the tank for me. Extremely embarrassing though.

E I had covered about 600 miles in a week, so I thought I`d give my legs a rest stay put for the weekend. After a good night`s sleep on Saturday I felt quite refreshed on Sunday morning, so I thought I`d cycle around the area for an hour or so - look around a bit, you know. About 5 miles down the road I came across a little shop and thought I`d get a bottle of water. That was it. When I came out of the shop my bike was gone. I had saved for six years to buy it – it was a &1200 bike. Insurance didn`t cover it because I hadn`t locked it. Moral of the story? Lock your bike.

Questions.

Who was forgetful?

Who made a wrong decision?

Who got to the wrong place?

Who didn’t take safety precautions?

Who was involved in a frightening incident?

Who was treated badly?

11. Discuss in pairs.

How do you usually travel to work?

What do you like most about the place you live?

What does your neighbourhood look like?

12 Complete the advertisement with the correct preposition. Where could you read this text?

Tahiti is a South Pacific island famous…… its unique history, friendly people and breathtaking beauty. People go …..this part…… the world……the beaches and the relaxed pace……life. The island is rich …… marine and bird life and is covered ……. Lush forest. The best time …… is between May and November, as this is a dry season.

13 Describe what your dream island would be like.

E.g. My dream island would have clean, white sand and a deep blue sea….

Unit 11

Active vocabulary: embarrassing, pigeon, currency, ferry, treaty, hikers, lounge, alternative tourism, health tourism industry, blend, enlarge, patrol an area. Improve security, respond quickly

1Read the text and then match the items in A to the places in B,

Our trip to London.

Last month I went to London for the weekend with my parents. On Saturday we went on a sightseeing tour, I really wanted to go shopping in Oxford Street, but Dad said “ You can`t go shopping, when you`re at home.” Huh, parents! Actually, the tour was very interesting. We saw lots of famous places. Here are some of them.

The first was Nelson`s Column. It`s in the middle of Trafalgar square. There are some fountains and statues in the square, too – and lots of pigeons. I fell in one of the fountains! It was so embarrassing!

The second was the Tower of London. It`s nearly a thousand years old. A lot of people lost their heads there. And you can see the Crown Jewels there.

On Sunday we went on a boat on the River Thames to Greenwich. We went to the Millennium Dome and then we had lunch in Greenwich Park. On Sunday afternoon we came home. We never got to the shops, ah well, maybe next time.

A B

Big Ben Trafalgar Square

The Millennium Dome 10 Downing Street

Nelson`s Column the Houses of Parliament

Pigeons the Tower of London

The Prime Minister Oxford Street

Saturday Night Fever Buckingham Palace

Boats Greenwich

The Crown Jewels the River Thames

Shops the London Palladium

The Queen

2 Read the text and then answer the questions.

The European Union.

In the first half of the 20^th century Europe saw two huge wars – the First World War (1914-1918) and the Second World War (1939-1945). Millions of people were killed and cities were destroyed. People didn`t want another war They wanted to live, work, travel, and buy and sell products in peace, so some European politicians looked for ways to work together. They started with the coal and steel industries. In 1951, six countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxemburg and the Netherlands, formed the European Coal and Steel Community. (ECSC)

The ECSC was only a small step, but it was successful, so the six countries decided to go further. In 1957 they signed the Treaty of Rome, and the European Economic Community (EEC) was started. In 1973 Denmark, Ireland and the UK joined, and they were followed in the 1980s by Greece, Portugal and Spain. In 1993 these twelve countries signed the Maastricht Treaty and the European Union was born.

Between then and 2007, fifteen more countries, mostly in Central and Eastern Europe, joined the Union. It`s now the third largest economic area in the world, after China and India.

The EU is run by the European Commission, which is in Brussels. There`s also the European Parliament in Strasbourg, the European Court in Luxembourg and the European Central Bank in Frankfurt. The EU has also got its own flag. Its` blue with a circle of twelve gold stars, because there were 12 members when it was chosen in 1986. The EU anthem is Beethoven`s “Ode to Joy”. In 2002 the euro became the currency of these countries. Some other countries also joined the euro zone later.

The original EEC was just an economic area, but today the EU deals with many other things, including education, culture, human rights, foreign policy and the environment. The EU is still changing . Several countries, such as Croatia, Turkey, Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina want to join. People in the EU have different ideas about their future. Some want a closer union, so that Europe will become more like the USA. Others want a larger looser union where individual countries make more of their own decisions. However, for over fifty years the EU has helped to bring peace and prosperity to Europe.

Question

What was the EU`s original name?

Which countries started? Why was it started?

When did the UK join?

Is the EU the largest economic area in the world?

Which countries are the main EU institutions in?

Why has the EU flag got 12 stars?

How have the EU`s aims changed?

3 a)Match the words in two columns.

Charter travel

Island travelling companion

Agency traveller`s

Brochure package

Departure travel

Village flight

Area lounge

Cheques first class

Carriage ferry

Resort remote

Holiday tropical

Car seaside

mountain

b) You`re planning a summer holiday, in pairs, use as much of the above vocabulary as possible to discuss what will you do. You can start like this:

A Well, I think we should go to a travel agency first and look at some travel brochures.

B That`s a good idea. Maybe we`ll find a cheap package holiday.

4 Complete each sentence using the words in brackets as well as ideas of your own.

1 Our car broke down on the motorway…………………..(en-route).

2 When the car ferry blasted its horn……………………(get going)

3 We wanted to follow a different route so we decided to …………(go via)

4 We had to wait for two hours before it…………………..(board)

5 Due to heavy traffic……………………………….(reach)

5 Find the unnecessary word in each sentence.

1 Call reception and tell to them that we are checking out tomorrow.

2 After you`ve packed your suitcase, carry it around to see how much heavy it feels.

3 On the every second day of the trip we went to see the ruins of the temple.

4 We missed out our flight but we managed to get our money back.

5 If you`re going for camping, take my advice and pack carefully!

6 Slow down, you`re exceeding over the limit.

7 Have some extra plastic bags as to keep clean and dirty clothes separate.

8 They set right out for Rome early the next morning.

6 Fill in the missing word.

1 They say that travel broadens the …………… because you experience other people and cultures.

2 We should……………. going, it`d getting late.

3 We ……………..off for London very early in the morning, so we arrived before nightfall.

4 Passengers……………….turn off their mobile phones before take-off.

5 He can`t …………… her fiancé! He`s much too young.

6 The reason we like this beach is that it`s……………..the beaten track, nobody else knows about it.

7 You ………………..not have any problem finding the book, it`s in all the bookshops.

8 Helen will…………………………….. me up from the airport because I`ll have a lot of luggage.

9 I`m sorry, but you ……………….. park your car here.

10 We left our bikes at the bottom of the steep mountain track and continued our journey ………….. foot.

7 Circle the correct item.

1 During our holiday in Egypt, we went on a 10-day …………..down the River Nile.

A excursion C stopover

B cruise D stay

2 I`m not sure about going there on horseback. It………………………be such a good idea.

A mightn`t C mustn’t

B shouldn`t D couldn`t

3 When we were on holiday last year, the…………… people didn`t seem to like tourists at all: they never once smiled at us.

A interesting C national

B friendly D local

4 Where did I put that travel guide? It………………be here somewhere.

A could B can

C must D may

5 I was so late when I arrived at the airport that I……………. the plane almost immediately.

A entered C reached

B boarded D got

6 You …………………….. play the radio so loud! The other passengers are trying to sleep!

A Shouldn`t C mightn`t

B needn`t D couldn`t

7 I wouldn`t go too near the snake if I were you: a snake bite…………………. Be very dangerous.

A must C ought to

B should D can

8 The holiday home we rented for the summer was right………….. the coast we could see the sea from our bedroom window.

A in C off

B at D on

8 Look at the pictures below, compare and contrast them.(Upstream p. 60 WB)

You may begin like this: The two holiday destinations are very different. The first picture might have been taken in….

b. you`re planning a summer holiday. In pairs, use as much of the above vocabulary as possible to discuss what you will\should do. You can start like this:

A: Well, I think I should go to a travel agency first and look at some travel brochures.

B: That`s a good idea. maybe we`ll find a cheap package holiday.

A: .....

9. Circle the correct item.

1. Someone ................. at the door of my hotel room last night by mistake.

A hit B struck C knocked D beat

2. This kind of adventure holiday .................. to younger people.

A appeals B pulls C attracts D grasps

3. We are ........................to Cardiff via Bristol because of the beautiful scenery.

A setting B going C heading D passing

4. The ship will .....................sail from Dover on Friday at 6 o`clock in the morning .

A set B put C place D lay

5. Travel .....................can sometimes be misleading; they make places look more attractive than they really are.

A prospectuses B pamphlets C leaflets D brochures

10. Rewrite the sentences using the phrasal verb in brackets in the correct form.

1. We were delayed at the airport so we missed our flight connection. (hold up)

2. I look her to the bus station first and then I did my shopping. (See off)

3. We decided to leave bright and early to avoid the rush hour traffic. (set off)

4. The hikers made their way to the nearest village, as it was getting dark. (Head for)

5. As the plane left the ground I suddenly felt afraid. (take off)

6. The van driver reduced his speed as he reached the town centre. 9 slow down)

11. Circle the correct item.

1. " Do I need a vaccination to go to Hawaii?"

" I’m not sure. You ................ask your doctor."

A ought B should C will D need

2. " Are you going on holiday by yourself?»

«No, Janet ...............to come with me."

A will plan B planned C plan D is planning

3. "You......................go to the beach if you have a cold."

"You`re right . I think I`ll stay at home today .

A couldn`t B shouldn`t C Won`t D may not

4. " Will you be taking your mobile phone with you?"

" oh, yes . i just can`t do..............it?"

A without B away with C with D over

5. " Did you enjoy your holiday in Madrid?"

«yes, but I prefer Paris ..............Madrid"

A rather B from C to D than

6. "Did you find the brochures you were looking for?"

" no. they...............none left.

a had B were C hadn`t D weren`t

7. "Can anyone go on the skiing trip?"

"yes, but they ................over sixteen."

A must be B could be C will be D can be

8. 'I`ve never been to France. Have you?"

«yes, I ................there for a few days last year."

A was going B went C have been D have gone

9. "This area isn`t very touristy; I think you...........be able to find a hotel room easily." «I hope so"

A could B should C may D must

10. "........................ I have a look at the menu, please?"

"Of course. here you are."

A Must B should C Can D Will

12. You are going to Portugal on holiday and are trying to decide on accommodation. In pairs, look at the pictures and speculate using the modals in the list and the prompts, as well as ideas of your own.

must may could can`t

expensive- the hotel must be expensive.

close to the sea- The villa may be close to the sea.

crowded in summer - The campsite could be crowded in summer.

cheap\expensive full of tourists

far from civilization very noisy\quiet at night

in the middle of a forest rather uncomfortable

very peaceful nice and cool inside

13 Read the text and think of the appropriate title for it, then use the words in bold to make pairs of synonyms.

Alternative tourism has begun to establish itself throughout the world and so has a multi-million health-tourism industry. Here, we have an opportunity to taste the pleasures of one such destination.

The Blue Lagoon company was founded in 1992. The company and its team of professionals are fully focused on the development of health - and tourism-related services. They have created an environmental feature that can be anything the visitor wants it to be. It can be an area of great fun, a family day out, a smart conference centre, a poolside party place or simply a place to relax and let your cares float away.

The business consists of three separate areas of activity. First of all, there is the Blue Lagoon Geothermal Spa, which is one of Iceland`s most unique and popular tourist attractions. This one spa has a share of 65% of the total Icelandic tourism market. Then there is Blue Lagoon International which concentrates on marketing health care products based on the natural ingredients found in the area. Finally. there is the natural, geothermal treatment centre where different therapies are available.

Back in 1981, people started bathing in the Blue Lagoon and slowly noticed an improvement after bathing and covering their skin with the mud. Six years later, the first bathing facilities were opened and seven years following that the treatment centre was officially accepted by the Icelandic Health Organisation. 1994 saw increasing numbers of visitors and so the facilities were enlarged and the following year Blue Lagoon skin care products were introduced. Today, there are lots more services and products.

Iceland`s sub-Arctic location, with its contrast of pure sheets of ice and volcanic activity resulting from the movement of geological plates, makes it a unique, natural tourist attraction. The Blue Lagoon, a pool of geothermal seawater in the middle of an area of lava, is a combination of many factors, the most important of which is the origin of the geothermal seawater from 2000 meters below the surface. As the water travels up through the lava, a mixture of sea and fresh water goes through certain changes, finally leaving behind the mud that only volcanic areas are famous for.

Much research has been carried out on the Blue Lagoon to find out more about its therapeutic powers. The first studies showed just how effective the waters are, while a further year of study from1992-1993 finally allowed researchers to prove that regular bathing in the lagoon is an efficient therapy.

Its ecosystem is unique in the world and the therapy has absolutely no side effects as it is a natural therapy involving bathing in the waters and light therapy. Visitors can benefit fully from the climate, fresh air, healthy food and relaxing atmosphere which are also important parts of the total treatment. Within one week, the first signs of improvement can be seen.

The Blue Lagoon`s unique mineral content and ecosystem consisting of blue-green plants, geothermal water, white silica mud, unpolluted surroundings and clean air all form an important part of the treatment designed according to individual needs. The water has beneficial effects an all skin types, including even the most sensitive. The ingredients have the effect of cleansing, softening, balancing, energizing and protecting.

The Blue Lagoon range of creams, which are all made with high quality natural ingredients, are not tested on animals at any stage. It is that rare blend of natural creams, as well as the white silica mud, unique blue-green plants and the geothermal waters of this magical environment that make the area so very special and its skin care range effective in strengthening the skin.

Unit12

Active vocabulary tax free, ensure safety, distribute, backpack, get work experience, a classroom assistant, take responsibility for others, do voluntary work, dig a well, work as a team, extra-terrestrials, ramp, weightlifting, whiff, go bump.

1.

The beginnings and the endings below have been mismatched. Rearrange them appropriately.

1 Susan and Henry were on their way to the airport. They were both feeling very excited. It wasn`t every day you were setting off on an adventure holiday in the Andes. Suddenly Henry gasped and said: “Oh, no! I`ve forgotten my camera!”: Susan looked at her watch. “ Let`s go back. If we hurry, I`m sure we`ll make it to the airport just in time”

A We sat on the deck of the lifeboat and looked at each other. We were too exhausted to say anything. When that huge black shape loomed up out of the darkness, I felt only terror and could not move. We were both very lucky that the shark had not been feeling hungry that day.

2 Hugh was feeling on the top of the world. Finally here he was, on a cycling holiday in Holland! With a sense of great satisfaction and contentment, he watched the flat, flat Dutch countryside flash by. Suddenly he felt a sharp blow to his left shoulder and he fell on the road with a heavy thud. When he came to, he saw that he was in the most incredible place he had ever seen.

B He looked at her, and his face was very thoughtful. “Well, all I can say is this”, he said. If you hadn`t persuaded me to go back for my camera, things would have been very different. Very different indeed. “ Yes,” she said, “A matter of life and death, really. We won`t forget this holiday in a hurry.”

3 I`m sure you know what it feels like to be really impatient. That`s how I felt looking at our diving equipment carefully arranged beside us. We knew exactly what to do and how to deal with any emergencies. Finally the boat stopped. “ This is where you`re going in”, our instructor said. I looked down into the inky blue water. Did I really want to go ahead with it?

C He was on the same road. He was sitting on the ground. His bicycle was a little distance away. When he checked his rucksack, he saw that his money and his passport were still there, nothing had been taken. He didn`t know how he had got there. He wasn`t sure if all that had really happened, or whether it had been a dream.

2a) Underline the correct tense form.

The Coopers1) sat\were sitting on the deck in the sunshine and 2) were really enjoying\ had really enjoyed the cruise in the Mediterranean. “ I know you 3) don`t like\didn`t like the idea at first,” Mr. Copper 4) had said\said to his wife. If I 5) hadn`t encouraged\wasn`t encouraging you to read more about it, we wouldn`t 6) have had\ be having such a good time right now”. Mrs. Copper 7)smiled\ is smiling. She 8) had known\knew that the cruise 9) had been\was her idea since she 10) is\was the one to bring the brochures home.

b) Fill in the correct tense form of the verb in brackets.

When we 1)…………….(arrive) at the holiday resort, I couldn`t believe my eyes. It 2)………………..(seem) to be on top of the water. The travel agent3)………… (tell) us that it 4)…………….(be) close to the sea, but this 5)……………..(be) incredible! While I 6)…………………(pay) the water taxi, Sarah7)………(take) a closer look. “Ah, I see!” she 8)……………(say). “ It is built on a very small island. That`s why it 9)…………. (look) as if it 10)………………(float).”

Making reservations.

3 a)Read the dialogues. What do they have in common? How are they different?

1 A Hello. The Jade Elephant.

B Hello. I`d like to book a table for two for Friday evening.

A Friday? What time?

B Well, around 8.00…8.830…

A Smoking or non-smoking?

B Non-smoking.

A Hmmm, I can give you a table for 9.00. That`s the nearest we have.

B 9.00? Mmmm…..right, I`ll take it.

A And your name, Sir?

B Adamson. A-D-A-M-S-O-N.

2 A Good morning, Randolph Hotel.

B Good morning, I`d like to make a reservation for next week. A single room.

A Which dates, Madam?

B The fifteenth to seventeenth. That`s three nights.

A Just let me check….. yes, we have a room for these nights.

B Good. Has it got a bath and television?

A Yes.

B That`s fine then. How much will it be?

A One hundred and eighty pounds, including breakfast. Could you give me your name and credit card details, please.

b) Look at the notes below and in pairs act out complete dialogues.

-call Jasmine, book table for 4; Thur. eve.7.30. non-smoking.

-call Grand Hotel, reservation, weekend 12-13^th, twin, sea view.

4 Use the words and phrases below, write a suitable beginning for the story.

-blue sea-incredible waves-bright sunshine-palm trees-smooth yellow sand- surfing-surfboards-swimming-excited

5 Read the text and fill in the word which fits best.

High Fliers

Contrary to popular belief, being a flight attendant is not at all an exiting job. In fact, they are glorified waiters\waitresses in the sky. Their duties include welcoming passengers 1)………… board, as well as making sure they are safely in 2)……… . He or she is responsible 3)……… the smooth running of things4)…… the flight. In addition to this, they serve and assist travellers and 5)…………. sales announcements concerning tax-free products. A flight attendant`s main function is to ensure safety on the plane. 6)…………………. passengers board, they have to check the various machines and devices in the cabin. Nothing7)………….escape their attention: interphones, lighting, lifejackets, 8)………….. must be in perfect working order. 9)……………. . In the air, they encourage passengers to respect safety regulations and demonstrate life saving equipment to 10)……….. too . Thanks to their care, the journey seems pleasant and not at 11)………… long to passengers. While in flight they carry out various tasks such 12)…………. handing out newspapers, drinks and toys for children. They13)…………….. distribute meals and drinks and are on the call the whole 14)…………… should anyone require their services. Apart from everything else, flight attendants are expected to work 15)……….. to 70 hours a month over 20 days. So, whoever said that a flight attendant`s job is “plane” and simple must have their head in the clouds!

6 Error Correction

Find mistakes in the text.

While backpacking around England last summer, I found myself in Thetford, a quiet sleepy village in Norfolk. Tired from my travels I decided as to spend the night at The Bells Hotel. This fifteenth century country inn has the reputation too of being one of the most haunted hotels in England. One of the many 46 en-suite rooms is haunted by a monk while the drawing room is haunted by one Betty Radcliffe. No much sooner had I arrived than the landlord to show me down the cellar. Beneath the hotel is a maze of rooms, tunnels and shadowy corners, just right for the hiding bogeymen. It was from here that a shudder ran up my spine as I felt that someone`s icy breath breathing down my neck. I was sure I got a whiff of Betty`s perfume too. That night in my room, I searched the wardrobes and checked in under the bed. Having made sure that I was alone, I climbed into the big four=poster bed and tried to sleep. But I couldn`t, for why I spent the whole of time listening for things that go bump in the night!

7 Fill in the correct word derived from the word in bold.

1 There were no………….. at the hotel so we had to sleep in the car VACANT.

2 I didn`t spend much money on souvenirs, these ones were quite ………… EXPENSINE.

3 The beds in the hotel were …………….. but the rooms were tiny. COMFORT.

4 On their …………. at the resort they were met by a guide. ARRIVE

5 The hotel and its ground covered an………………..area. EXTEND

6 Paella is a ……………….. of this Spanish restaurant. SPECIAL.

7 The airport………………. lounge was full of excited tourists. DEPART

8 We were given a wonderful…………… of continental food. CHOOSE

8

Lexical cloze

For questions 1-15, read the text below and decide which answer A, B,C or D best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning (0).

0 A landed B dropped C beached D sailed

The Fairest Land

In 1492, Christopher Columbus (0) …….in what is now the Dominican Republic. He looked around him and (1) …………., ~This is the fairest land human eyes have ever seen.` This is not surprising as the country (2) …… from a thousand miles of beautiful coastline, the highest mountains in the Caribbean and spectacular national parks which (3) ………..sparkling rivers and deep canyons.

The Dominican republic lies on the island (4) …………..as Hispaniola, the second largest in the Caribbean, which it (5)…………..with its neighbor, Haiti. The island is accessible to tourists as there are (6)…………flights from many parts of the world. If you arrive as an independent holidaymaker, you should (7)………….a hire car or a taxi from the airport and (8)…………..for one of the tasteful hotels in the new (9)………along the coast. These developments offer incredible (10)……….for money compared with other Caribbean islands. You can participate in sports (11)…………sailing , snorkeling, canoeing , tennis or golf and then, when the sun goes down, (12)………..the lively evening entertainment.

But the highlight of any (13)………….to the island is a visit to the capital, Santo Domingo. It boasts the oldest building in the Americas. A cathedral, a university and a hospital, all situated within the beautiful (14)…………Old Colonial Quarter and all (15)…………..from the early 1500s.

1 A resumed B declared C responded D denied

2 A rewards B advantaged C benefits D favours

3 A contain B compose C concern D complete

4 A meant B known C called D named

5 A divides B shares C halves D splits

6 A ready B straight C direct D stable

7 A drive off B get by C take on D pick up

8 A turn B head C seek D point

9 A resources B restorations C refreshments D resort

10 A value B saving C bargain D deal

11 A such as B as for C so as to D as if

12 A take part B make up C put on D join in

13 A jump B travel C trip D stay

14 A preserved B reversed C conserved D revised

15 A lasting B ageing C timing D dating

9 key world transformations

For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Example:

0 It`s four months since Sally become a full-time singer.

Sally has been singing full-time for four months.

1 The sports coach advised Tony to start doing weightlifting . You

`If I ……………………………..up weightlifting .` the sports coach said to Tony.

2 When Pam was at school, she often forgot to do her homework. Used

Pam often…………….her homework when she was at school.

3 Fred regrets having asked such a rude question. Shouldn`t

Fred realizes that ………………such rude questions.

4 I bought a house in London in 1980 and I have lived in it ever since. Living

I……………..own house in London since 1980.

5 Louise couldn`t play the piano until she was a teenager. Able

Louise…………..the piano until she was a teenager.

6 First she ate her lunch and then she took her dog for a walk . Once

She took her dog for a walk …………………her lunch.

7 Graham has a lot more friends now than when he lived abroad. Fewer

Graham …………….he lived abroad.

8 `You mustn`t open the parcel until your birthday, Eric,` said his aunt. To

Eric`s aunt………………the parcel until his birthday.

9 `Try not to disturb Jane, she`s studying` avoid

Try………………..Jane, she`s studying`.

10 `I can get you some batteries when I go to the supermarket; Mandy said to me.

Offered

Mandy……………………batteries when she went to the supermarket.

10 Error correction

For questions 1 -15 , read the text below and look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which should not be there. If a line is correct, put a tick (v) in the space by the number. If a line has a word which should not be there, write the word in the space. There are two examples at the beginning ( 0 and 00).

A late starter

0 …v….. I never really enjoyed sports when I was a teenager at school,

00 and probably because such a lot of importance was always and given

1 ………to team sports . In fact, I have had no interest in exercise at all until

2 ………I was about to sixteen, when I started lifting weights and running

3 ………in an attempt to get me fit. Then I bought a boat with a friend and

4 ………we started to water ski off the coast of North Wales near where my

5 ………home. That was the start of my love of unusual sports and I went on

6 ………to do all jet skiing, scuba diving and mountain biking by the time

7 ………I was reach twenty. But my most thrilling moments came when I

8 ……....was water-ski jumping. You have to be going at a considerable

9 ……… speed to get over the ramp and you hardly have time for to think

10 …….. before you`re launched into the air and find yourself flying with

11 ……..a speedboat is doing thirty miles per hour ahead of you. Landing

12 …….. on your skis is not at all an easy and it took a dozen attempts

13 ……..before I succeeded it. These days , I like sports where you only

14 …….. need one other person and I play squash for that reason ever. But

15 …….. I`m afraid I still don`t share them the national passion for football.

11 The pyramids in Egypt are one of the wonders of the ancient world. Who built them? Match the sentence halves to make true sentences.

1 The Egyptian pharaohs were buried in rich tombs. Not all of these have been discovered.

2 It`s hard to believe that a structure as complex as a pyramid.

3 If humans built the pyramids,

4 The workmen who built them may have believed

5 Many of those workmen

6 Some people believe that the pyramids

7 They are convinced that extra terrestrials

8 They think this alien civilization

a) they must have been highly skilled craftsmen.

b) couldn`t have been built with the technology available then.

c) couldn`t have been wiped out by a natural disaster.

d) so more treasures could be lying buried in the sand.

e) must have landed on Earth and built them

f) must have been injured in the course of their work.

g) could have been built in the lifetime of one pharaohs.

h) that they were ensuring their own afterlife by building the pyramids

12 Answer the questions and discuss the following.

Is it common for young people to do holiday jobs in your country?

What kind of holiday jobs can they do?

13 OVER TO YOU.

Guess and then discuss what will help someone to…

• Become more mature and self-reliant

• Broaden the skills, learn practical things.

• Learn to work with other people in a team.