- •I. Countries: geography, economy, politics
- •1. Russia
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •2. State system of Russia
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •3. Bashkortostan
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •4. State system of Bashkortostan
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •5. Sterlitamak
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •6. The United Kingdom
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •7. Uk Political System
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •8. London
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •9. London’s Places of Interest
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •10. The United States of America
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •11. Us Government
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •12. Washington d.C.
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •II. Education
- •13. Education in Russia
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •14. Higher education in Great Britain
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •15. American Universities and Colleges
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •16. The university I study at
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •17. My Specialty
- •Automation of Technological Processes and Productions
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •Mechanical faculty
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •Environmental protection and rational use of nature resources
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •18. Learning languages
- •Список литературы
- •Содержание
- •Редактор л.А.Матвеева
- •450062, Рб, г.Уфа, ул.Космонавтов, 1.
Topical Vocabulary
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии
to be situated on – быть расположенным на
to consist of smth. – состоять из чего-либо
total area – общая площадь
population - население
urban - городской
to be made up of smth. – состоять из чего-либо
to include smth. – включать что-либо
to be separated from ... by - oтделяться от (чего-либо чем-либо)
to be washed by –омываться (чем-либо)
surface - поверхность
to vary - варьироваться, меняться
mountainous - гористый
a valley - долина
a plain - равнина
to influence smth. – оказывать влияние на что-либо
mild - умеренный
a highly developed industrial country – высокоразвитая промышленная страна
to produce smth. – производить что-либо
to export smth. – экспортировать что-либо
machinery - станки
electronics - электроника
textile - текстиль
the chief industry - ведущая отрасль промышленности
shipbuilding - судостроение
a constitutional monarchy – конституционная монархия
Head of State - глава государства
the Queen – королева
Answer the questions:
1. What islands is the United Kingdom situated on?
2. What is the country's population?
3. What is the United Kingdom made up of?
4. What is the United Kingdom washed by?
5. How can you characterize the surface of the British Isles?
6. What is the climate of Great Britain?
7. What are Britain's chief industries?
8. What is Britain's political system?
Translate into English:
1. Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии расположено на Британских островах, состоящих из двух больших и тысяч малых островов.
2. Население Великобритании в основном (mostly) городское и составляет более 57 миллионов человек.
3. Соединенное Королевство состоит из четырех частей: Англии, Шотландии, Уэльса и Северной Ирландии.
4. Британские острова омываются Атлантическим океаном, Ирландским морем, Северным морем и проливами Ла-Манш и Па-де-Кале.
5. Британские острова состоят из гористой части и низин.
6. Реки в Великобритании не очень длинные.
7. На климат Великобритании оказывает влияние Гольфстрим.
8. Великобритания производит и экспортирует станки, электронику, текстиль, суда.
9. Великобритания - конституционная монархия.
7. Uk Political System
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain is governed by the Parliament and the Queen is Head of State.
The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary and life peers and peeresses The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people They are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the United Kingdom.
The executive power is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.
The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.
The judiciary branch of the government determines common law and is independent of both the legislative and the executive branches.
There is no written constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions.