БЛОК 5

Грамматика: The Infinitive

Текст: “Capital Punishment Is The Only Way To Deter Criminals”.

Раздел 5.1

Инфинитив (The Infinitive) – неопределенная форма глагола, которая выражает действие без указания лица, числа и наклонения, и отвечает на вопросы: Что делать? Что сделать?

Формальный признак инфинитива – частица to.

Запомните! Инфинитив употребляется без частицы to - после модальных глаголов may, can, must и т.д. - после глаголов to make, to let; - после выражений would rather, had better; - после глаголов восприятия to see, to hear, to watch, to notice, to feel и т.д.

1. Вставьте частицу “to”, где необходимо:

1. She can … speak English.

2. We let them … go there.

3. I don’t want … see him.

4. We would rather … go home.

5. Would you like … drink?

6. They couldn’t … find their friends.

7. It’s time … go to work.

8. We were ready … go out.

9. His joke made me … laugh.

10. We had better … say it at once.

2. Замените выделенные части предложений инфинитивным оборотом:

Образец:

He has a lot of books which he can read. - He has a lot of books to read.

1. Have you chosen the project of the house which you will build?

2. Could you give me a book which I can read?

3. Jack has brought us a new film which we can watch.

4. They have got a lot of work which they must finish in time.

5. She has a little time in which she will tell you everything.

6. Here is an interesting physical process which we can study.

7. Mother bought a lot of fruit which we can eat.

8. Our teacher gives us many rules which we must learn.

9. Can you give me a pen which I can write with?

10. Here are some proposals which we have to discuss.

5.1.3 Замените придаточные предложения инфинитивным оборотом:

Образец:

He is so busy that he can’t answer your call. - He is too busy to answer your call.

1. She is so weak that she can’t go out.

2. They will be so busy that they won’t meet you at the station.

3. This cat is so fat that it can’t catch a mouse.

4. The game was so boring that nobody wanted to play it.

5. The story was so unbelievable that we didn’t believe him.

6. The weather is so hot that we don’t want to go out.

7. She had very little money and she couldn’t buy that dress.

8. The rule is so difficult that students don’t understand it.

9. The food was so tasteless that nobody wanted to eat it.

10. The task was so difficult that nobody could do it.

Формы инфинитива

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	to ask	to be asked
Continuous	to be asking	-
Perfect	to have asked	to have been asked
Perfect Continuous	to have been asking	-

Обратите внимание на значения разных форм инфинитива!

Indefinite Active	I’m glad to help you.	Я рад помочь вам.
Continuous	I’m glad to be helping you now.	Я рад, что помогаю вам сейчас.
Perfect Active	I’m glad to have helped you.	Я рад, что помог вам.
Perfect Continuous	I’m glad to have been helping you since morning.	Я рад, что помогаю вам с утра.
Indefinite Passive	I’m glad to be helped.	Я рад, когда мне помогают.
Perfect Passive	I’m glad to have been helped.	Я рад, что мне помогли.