- •Contents
- •Introduction
- •Acknowledgements
- •Unit 1 petroleum engineering
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •1. Read and remember the pronunciation.
- •2. Pay attention to the stress in the following words.
- •3. Read the text, do the exercises. Petroleum engineering
- •4. Match the English terms in column “a” with their Russian equivalents in column “b”.
- •9. Give the English equivalents to the Russian words.
- •10. Find the meaning of the words in the box in a dictionary. Match the terms with the definitions.
- •11. Classify the responsibilities of a reservoir engineer and a drilling engineer into two groups.
- •12. Complete the sentences, using the information from the text.
- •13. State whether the sentences are true or false according to the text. If true, add the information on the statement. If false, correct the sentence.
- •15. Answer the following questions.
- •Unit 2 oil companies
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •1. Read the words, remember the pronunciation.
- •2. Read the following word formations and remember their pronunciation. Pay special attention to the stress.
- •3. Read the text and do the exercises.
- •Оil Industry Sectors
- •The entire oil industry is often divided into three major sectors: upstream, midstream and downstream.
- •Downstream (oil industry)
- •Upstream (oil industry)
- •Midstream (oil industry)
- •4. State whether the sentences are true or false. If true, add the information on the statement. If false, correct the sentence.
- •Pronunciation of the name
- •11. What do the following abbreviations stand for?
- •12. State whether the sentences are true or false according to the text. If true, add the information on the statement. If false, correct the sentence.
- •13. 9 Listen to the tape and answer the questions given below.
- •14. Fill in the chart with the information on domestic and foreign oil companies. Use some additional resources: for example, www. Wikipedia.Ed.
- •15. 9 A. Listen to the text, remember the key words.
- •16. Study the definitions in Appendix (pg. 60-61 ). Match departments and personnel with their definitions.
- •17. Match the job title with the definition.
- •18. Complete the diagram showing the company structure using the definitions in a.
- •19. Complete the sentences
- •20. Read the text and discuss the after-text questions. See appendix 3 (pg. 63-64 ). An Example of a Difference between Russian and Western Operating Company Structure
- •21. Answer the following questions:
- •22. Role play: You are welcoming a visitor to your company. Consult …
- •Unit 3 oil formation
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •Read the words, remember the pronunciation.
- •2. Read the text and do the exercises.
- •Close-up of reservoir rock (oil is in black)
- •3.Match the headings and the paragraphs of the text you have read. There is one extra heading.
- •4. Read the following word combinations and give the Russian equivalents.
- •5. Find the English equivalents to the following terms and phrases.
- •6. Complete the following sentences
- •7. Draw a diagram of oil formation. Label it. Describe the process using your diagram.
- •8. Work in pairs.
- •9. Read the following text “How Oil Becomes Oil” and do the exercises
- •How Oil Becomes Oil
- •10.Give Russian equivalents to the following English ones.
- •11. Give definitions to the following terms.
- •12. State whether the following sentences are true or false.
- •13. Put the facts into the correct order showing how oil becomes oil.
- •14. 9 You will hear a lecture on petroleum. For questions 1-6, choose the best answer a, b, or c.
- •15. Discuss the following questions.
- •16. Scan the text given below and describe the main oil properties based on the information you learn. Complete the table.
- •Physical and Chemical Properties of Oil
- •17. Make a presentation on one of the topics. Consult ...
- •Unit 4 hse (Health, Safety, Environment)
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •Read the words, remember the pronunciation.
- •Read the text and do the exercises.
- •3. Pay attention to the following word-formations.
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the word(s) from the list below. Explanation to these terms are given in the brackets.
- •5. Fill in the correct preposition, then choose two items and compose sentences.
- •6. Match the problems with the ways of their solution.
- •7. Compose collocations from the following words
- •8. Match the items with their function.
- •9. Classify the words into 2 categories. Guess what these categories are. Add some more items to each category.
- •10. 9 Study the definitions given in Appendix (pg. 65-66 ).
- •11. Read the text again and make notes under the following headings, then talk about hse performance.
- •12. Read the introduction to bp’s 8 golden rules. Find words in the text that mean the same as the words and phrases below. Getting the basics right
- •13. Write each safety rule in the box next to explanation.
- •Bp’s 8 golden rules of safety
- •14. A. Listen to Bob describing an incident. Think of questions you would like to ask about it.
- •15. Describe some incident really happened in oil, gas and petrochemical industries. Report it to the group, answer possible questions.
- •Appendix unit 2 company structure
- •Unit 4 health, safety and environment
- •References
1. Read the words, remember the pronunciation.
[a:] advantage, plant, demand
[ə:] search, fertilizer, refer, entrepreneur
[u:] crude, include, lubricant
[ju:] pharmaceutical, consumer, fuel, butane
[ou] own, negotiate, solely
[e] head, head office, headquarters, immense, synthetic
[ ∫ ] negotiate, initial
2. Read the following word formations and remember their pronunciation. Pay special attention to the stress.
Market – marketer – marketing
Refine – refinery – refinement
Explore – exploration – exploratory
Produce – producer – production
Dominate – dominated - dominance
3. Read the text and do the exercises.
Оil Industry Sectors
The entire oil industry is often divided into three major sectors: upstream, midstream and downstream.
Downstream (oil industry)
The downstream oil sector is a term commonly used to refer to the refining of crude oil, and the selling and distribution of natural gas and products derived from crude oil. The downstream sector includes oil refineries, petrochemical plants, petroleum product distribution, retail outlets and natural gas distribution companies. The downstream industry touches consumers through thousands of products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, asphalt, lubricants, synthetic rubber, plastics, fertilizers, antifreeze, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, natural gas and propane
Upstream (oil industry)
The upstream oil sector is a term commonly used to refer to the searching for and the recovery and production of crude oil and petroleum natural gas. The upstream oil sector is also known as the exploration and production (E&P) sector. The upstream sector includes the searching for potential underground or underwater oil and gas fields, drilling of exploratory wells, and subsequently operating the wells that recover and bring the crude oil and/or raw natural gas to the surface.
Midstream (oil industry)
However, midstream operations are usually simply included in the downstream category The midstream sector processes, stores, markets and transports commodities such as crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids (NLG) such as ethane, propane and butane.
The process of oil production, transportation, refinery and sale is managed by oil companies (producers). But there are also service companies that work as contractors to the oil companies. These are deeply involved in the oil business providing services that help oil companies to carry out their operations.
(www. Wikipedia.ed)
4. State whether the sentences are true or false. If true, add the information on the statement. If false, correct the sentence.
1. Oil industry is divided into three sectors. |
T |
F
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2. Downstream begins from refinery to product distribution. |
T |
F |
3. Upstream sector includes only drilling and exploration. |
T |
F |
4. Midstream is part of the upstream sector. |
T |
F |
5. Midstream transports such products as crude oil, natural gas and NGL. |
T |
F |
6. Service companies help oil companies in different operations. |
T |
F |
7. Oil companies can also be contractors. |
T |
F |
5. Read the texts about three different oil companies and do the exercises.
The Seven Sisters of the petroleum industry is a term coined by an Italian entrepreneur, Enrico Mattei, that refers to seven oil companies that dominated mid-20th century oil production, refinement, and distribution.
These companies were the following:
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Standard Oil of New Jersey (Esso), which merged with Mobil to form ExxonMobil.
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Royal Dutch Shell Anglo-Dutch
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British Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC), which later became BP
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Standard Oil of New York (Socony). This later became Mobil, which merged with Exxon to form ExxonMobil.
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Standard Oil of California (Socal), now Chevron.
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Gulf Oil. Most of this became part of Chevron.
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Texaco. Merged with Chevron in 2001. Texaco remains as a Chevron brand name.
ROYAL DUTCH SHELL
Type: public
Founded: 1907
Headquarters: The Hague, the Netherlands
Industry: oil and gas
Products: oil, natural gas, petrochemicals
Royal Dutch Shell PLC is a multinational oil company ("oil major") of British and Dutch origins. It is one of the largest private sector energy corporations in the world, and one of the six "supermajors" (vertically integrated private sector oil exploration, natural gas, and petroleum product marketing companies). The company's head offices (also known as the "central offices") are in The Hague and London (Shell Centre). The company's main business is the exploration for and the production, processing, transportation and marketing of hydrocarbons (oil and gas). Shell also has a significant petrochemicals business (Shell Chemicals). Shell is incorporated in the UK with its corporate headquarters in The Hague, its tax residence is in the Netherlands, and its primary listings on the London Stock Exchange. Shell's revenues of $318.8 billion in 2006 made it the second-largest corporation in the world by revenues behind only ExxonMobil. Its 2006 gross profits of $26 billion made it the world's second most profitable company, after ExxonMobil and before BP. Forbes Global 2000 in 2007 ranked Shell the eighth largest company in the world. It operates in over 140 countries. In the United States, its Shell Oil Company subsidiary, headquartered in Houston, Texas, is one of Shell's largest businesses. One of the original Seven Sisters, Royal Dutch/Shell is the world's second-largest private sector oil company by revenue, Europe's largest energy group and a major player in the petrochemical industry. Shell has five core businesses Royal Dutch/Shell is the world's second-largest private sector oil company by revenue, Europe's largest energy group and a major player in the petrochemical industry. Shell has five core businesses: Exploration and Production ("Upstream"), Gas and Power, Refining and Marketing, Chemicals ("Downstream"), and Trading/Shipping.
ROSNEFT
Type: public
Founded: 1993
Headquarters: Moscow
Industry: oil and gas
Products: natural gas, petroleum
OAO Rosneft Oil Company is a Russian integrated oil company. Rosneft conducts oil and gas exploration and production activities on Sakhalin island, in Siberia, in the Timan-Pechora province, and in southern Russia, including Chechnya. It also owns and operates two refineries. Its plant in Tuapse, on the Black Sea, focuses on refining high-gravity oil from western Siberia. Another plant located in Komsomolsk-on-Amur is the easternmost oil refinery in Russia. Rosneft operates shipping companies, pipeline companies and marketing companies. Although the company is an open joint stock company, according to its website, it seems to be completely owned by the Russian Federation, as represented by the Federal Property Management Agency.
Market value of the company on the 29th of December was valued at $83.908 billion.
Type: public
Founded: 1927
Headquarters: the Netherlands, principal offices in Houston, Paris and the Hague
Industry: oilfield services
Products: oilfield services
Schlumberger Limited is the world's largest oilfield services corporation operating in approximately 80 countries, with about 70,000 people of 140 nationalities. Schlumberger supplies a wide range of products and services from seismic acquisition and processing; formation evaluation; well testing and directional drilling to well cementing and stimulation; artificial lift and well completions; and consulting, software and information management. Schlumberger also provides similar products and services for the groundwater industry.