- •Unit 1 the construction-related engineering profession
- •In a paragraph of 70-100 words, and using your own words, as far as possible, summarize what the text tells us about the history of civil engineering.
- •Early christian and byzantine architecture
- •In a paragraph of 70-100 words, and using your own words, as far as possible, summarize what the text tells us about and early Christian and Byzantine architecture.
- •Orders of architecture
- •In a paragraph of 70-100 words, and using your own words, as far as possible, summarize what the text tells us about orders of architecture.
- •Mortars
- •6 Give a literary translation of §§7 – 10.
- •7 Fill in the table using the information from the text:
- •In a paragraph of 70-100 words, and using your own words, as far as possible, summarize what the text tells us about mortars.
- •Unit 5 glass
- •6 Match the information given to the paragraphs in the text:
- •7 Give a literary translation of §§ 9, 10.
- •8 You’ve misheard the information. Make it more exact, putting questions:
- •In a paragraph of 70-100 words, and using your own words, as far as possible, summarize what the text tells us about the staircases.
- •Unit 6 stairs
- •In a paragraph of 70-100 words, and using your own words, as far as possible, summarize what the text tells us about the staircases.
- •Unit 7 doors
- •7 You’ve misheard the information from the previous assignment. Make it more exact, putting questions:
- •In a paragraph of 70-100 words, and using your own words, as far as possible, summarize what the text tells us about the types of doors.
- •Unit 8 green and sustainable buildings
- •2A) Transcribe the following words:
- •Nanotechnology in building construction
- •3Read the text again and answer the questions that follow (1-8):
- •4Match the columns:
- •5A) Find the synonyms in the text and rephrase the sentences using the given expressions:
- •6 Explain the words in bold from the text and make up sentences of your own. Use English-English dictionaries to help you.
- •7 Give the English equivalents to the following and use 5 of them in small situations:
- •8Fill in the gaps with derivatives of the words in capitals:
- •9Group work: choose five questions from the list below, find and presentinformation:
СИБИРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
ПУТЕЙ СООБЩЕНИЯ
Е. С. Быкадорова, С. А. Веселова
Практикум для самостоятельной работы студентов
строительных специальнойтей
Новосибирск 2013
УДК 802 (076.5)
Практикум для самостоятельной работы студентов строительных специальностей / Е. С. Быкадорова, С. А. Веселова. – Новосибирск: Изд-во СГУПСа, 2013.
Цель практикума – овладение терминологией в строительной области. Практикум является неотъемлемым приложением к учебному пособию “Английский язык для строителей и архитекторов. EnglishforBuildersandArchitects” и включает такие темы как профессия инженер-строитель; ранняя христианская и византийская архитектура; ордеры архитектуры; строительные растворы; применение стекла; строительство лестниц; двери; экологически чистые здания.
Практикум предназначен для студентов 1 и 2 курса строительных специальностей СГУПСа.
Практикум рассмотрен и рекомендован к печати на заседании кафедры «Иностранные языки».
О т в е т с т в е н н ы й р е д а к т о р
к.пед.н., доцент кафедры «Иностранные языки»СГУПСа
О. А. Дёмина
Р е ц е н з е н т :
к. филол. наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языковНГАВТа
Е. И. Мартынова
© Быкадорова Е. С., Веселова С. А., 2013
© Сибирский государственный университет путей сообщения, 2013
Contents. Содержание
|
Foreword. Введение |
4 |
|
Unit 1. Introductory Text. The Construction-Related Engineering Profession. Введение. Профессия инженер-строитель…………..……. |
5 |
|
Unit 2. Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture. Ранняя христианская и византийская архитектура ……………………………………………… |
10 |
|
Unit 3. Orders of Architecture. Ордеры архитектуры…………..………… |
15 |
|
Unit4. Mortars. Строительные растворы …………...…………….……… |
19 |
|
Unit5. Glass. Применение стекла…………………………….…..……….. |
24 |
|
Unit6. Stairs. Строительство лестниц …………………………….……… |
32 |
|
Unit 7. Doors. Двери ………...…………………………………….……….. |
38 |
|
Unit 8. Green and Sustainable Buildings. Экологически чистые здания … |
45 |
Foreword. Введение
В соответствии с учебной программой дисциплин по направлению подготовки 270800 «Строительство» практикум для самостоятельной работы студентов строительных специальностей направлен на формирование у студентов первого и второго курсов общекультурных и профессиональных компетенций.
Являясь неотъемлемой частью учебного пособия “Английский язык для строителей и архитекторов. English for Builders andArchitects”, практикум для самостоятельной работы направлен на овладение студентами терминологии в области строительства.
Комплексный подход, представленный в практикуме, определяет структуру и логику предъявления содержательной учебной информации. Базовые тексты сопровождаются заданиями, направленными на максимально полное их понимание.
В практикуме для самостоятельной работы задания представлены системно и наглядно от «простого к сложному»; предлагается достаточно заданий на отработку вокабуляра, орфографии, произношения, стилистики, сочетаемости слов; в зависимости от целевой установки студентам предлагается просмотровое, ознакомительное, изучающее и поисковое чтение, ориентирующее студентов на выполнение профессионально-ориентированных заданий; материалы отражают современные разработки в строительных технологиях.
Практикум ориентирован на студентов 1 и 2 курса строительных специальностей СГУПСа. Предлагается использовать с учебным пособием «English for Builders andArchitects. Английский язык для строителей и архитекторов».
“An architect knows something about everything.
An engineer knows everything about one thing.”
Matthew Frederick (architect)
Unit 1 the construction-related engineering profession
(§1) The design and construction industry represents a huge chunk of the world economy. The practice of architecture is centuries old, but this profession did not become recognized until the mid-1800s as the Industrial Revolution unfolded. Before that time, and in the decades that followed, carpenters and masons not only built structures for their clients but served as quasi-designers as well. The era of the Master Builder flourished in the early twentieth century; skilled contractors employing crews of laborers, carpenters, bricklayers, plumbers, and other trades offered clients the benefit of not only their construction experience but their ability to customize past projects to fit the new owner’s requirements.
(§2) The practice of architecture has changed dramatically since those early days. Eighty years ago, a visit to an architect’s office would reveal rows of aspiring architects hunched over their drawing boards preparing hand-drawn designs, erasers at hand, moving T-squares and plastic triangles to form the shape of their structure. Today, the pens and pencils, T-squares, triangles, and erasers have been replaced by powerful computers and specialized software programs. The only noise emanating from those work stations are the mouse clicks and printers from which these intricate designs flow.
(§3) Increasingly advanced software allows an architect to produce a complete list of all of the materials required for the project simultaneously with the progression of the design itself. Architects using other types of computer software can produce three-dimensional images to be viewed by their engineers and clients. By adding a time sequence – the fourth dimension – the client can actually see the virtual building being constructed from the ground up before the first shovel of earth is uncovered. This innovation, called building information modeling (BIM), which is now offered by large architectural firms, will undoubtedly become mainstream, and new innovations will continue to amaze potential clients.
(§4) Civil engineering is the second oldest engineering discipline, the first being military engineering. Civil engineers deal with site and soils analysis and are engaged by the structural engineer to design a building’s foundation and underground utilities such as storm water sewer and electrical services from their existing location to the structure and any paved areas on the building site.
(§5) The range of engineering specializations ranges across a wide spectrum of activities from mining engineering to outer-space engineering, but in the design and construction industries, six categories prevail: civil, structural, mechanical, electrical, environmental, and materials engineering. These various engineering disciplines, each contributing to specific components of the building, interact with one another and the architect throughout the design and into the construction phase of the project.
(§6) This profession has subdisciplines, such as environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, water resources engineering, coastal engineering, materials engineering, and surveying. In consultation with the mechanical and electrical engineers, the civil engineer will design the size, location, and composition of all incoming underground utilities: storm water sewer, sanitary sewer, and gas and electric and their connections to existing offsite mains.
Assignments:
Present phonetic reading of §§ 3, 6.
Explain the expressions in bold from the text and make up sentences of your own. Use English-English dictionaries to help you.
Suggest the Russian equivalents:
Crews of laborers; T-squares, triangles, and erasers; employee; dramatically; mainstream; (building) site; customer; paved areas; building information modeling; surveying; materials engineering; construction experience; decade; size, location, and composition.
Give the English equivalents:
Водопроводчик; чертежный угольник; эскиз, нарисованный от руки; военно-инженерное дело; поддисциплина; коллектор для коммунально-бытовых и промышленных сточных вод; каменщик по кладке кирпича; информационная модель здания; занятие, ремесло.
Read the text again and answer the questions that follow (1-7):
How old is the practice of architecture?
What have the pens and pencils, T-squares, triangles, and erasers been replaced by?
What is the first oldest engineering discipline?
Who does civil engineer deal with?
What is the role of architecture in the construction process?
Which innovation is becoming the mainstream in construction industry?
What peculiarities does BIM offer?
Give a literary translation of §§1, 2, 6.
What is your impression of the information given in the text? Express your ideas in 3-4 sentences.