UNIT 1
Intelligent houses
Exercise 1. Complete the paragraph with a word or phrase from the box.
structure and spatial organization software equipment
electrical systems technological innovation
The focus of construction has shifted, over the centuries, as the waves of (1)... have taken place. In the preindustrial era buildings consisted of supporting skeletons and enclosing skins; design was mostly a matter of (2) ... . With the Industrial Revolution, buildings acquired mechanical and (3) ... . Architects started to deal with selecting specialized (4) ... and with configuring machine-powered systems to support specific activities. The early modernist architect Le Corbusier summarized this new condition by describing a house as a “machine for living in.”. Now 21st century buildings are acquiring artificial nervous systems. Electronics and (5) ... are becoming important elements of modern houses. And we can now think of rooms as “robots for interacting with.”
Exercise
2.
Fill
in the blanks with the words from the text above.
S________ S___________ E________ S_________
M_______-p_______ S________ L_ C____________
Text A
Exercise 3. Match the words with their meanings.
|
space |
цель |
|
shelter |
разделенный |
|
iron roof |
трубы и провода |
|
to provide protection |
пространство |
|
to supply insulation |
раковина |
|
thermal mass |
обеспечивать защиту |
|
to reradiate |
ливневый резервуар |
|
fireplace |
убежище, крыша над головой |
|
to vary the flow of air |
сантехник |
|
subdivided |
излучать поглощенное тепло |
|
purpose |
прибор |
|
portable furniture |
спрос |
|
water basin |
изменять поток воздуха |
|
lavatory |
обеспечивать изоляцию |
|
pipes and wires |
камин |
|
device |
переносная мебель |
|
demand |
железная крыша |
|
plumber |
туалет |
|
rainwater tank |
теплоёмкость |
Exercise 4. Read and translate the text.