8. В следующих предложениях изме­ните время глагола на Present Perfect. Переве­дите предложения на русский язык.

1.1 am eating my breakfast. 2. We are drinking water. 3. He is bringing them some meat and veg­etables. 4. You are putting the dishes on the table. 5, They are having tea. 6. She is taking the dirty plates from the table. 7. The children are putting on their coats. 8. The pupils are writing a dicta­tion. 9. My friend is helping me to solve a diffi­cult problem. 10. I am learning a poem. 11. She is telling them an interesting story. 12. Kate is sweep­ing the floor. 13. The waiter is putting a bottle of lemonade in front of him. 14. Susan is making a new dress for her birthday party. 15. She is open­ing a box of chocolates.

9. Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла­голы в Present Perfect или Past Simple.

1. We (to travel) around Europe last year. 2. My father knows so much because he (to travel) a lot. 3.1 (to see) Pete today, 4. She (to see) this film last Sunday. 5. Alex (to meet) his friend two hours ago. 6.1 just (to meet) our teacher. 7. The children already (to decide) what to do with the books. 8. Yesterday they (to decide) to help their grandmother. 9. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live) in France. 10. She (to live) there last year. 11. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 12. The rain (to stop) half an hour ago. 13. Mary (to buy) a new hat. 14.1 (to buy) a pair of gloves yesterday. 15. The wind (to blow) off the man's hat, and he cannot catch it. 16. The weather (to change), and we can go for a walk. 17. The wind (to change) in the morning.

10. Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла­голы в Present Perfect или Past Simple.

1. Не (to be) abroad five years ago. 2. You (to be) in the Caucasus last year? 3. They (to leave) England when he (to be) still a child. 4. He (not yet to come) back. 5. He (to go) already? 6. When you (to see) him last? 7. I (not to see) him for ages. 8. His health (to improve) greatly since I (to see) him last. 9. Last night I (to feel) tired and (to go) to bed very early. 10. Where you (to spend) your holidays? 11. You ever (to spend) your holidays in the Crimea? 12. While travelling in the Crimea I (to meet) your friend. 13. I never (to visit) that place. 14. He (to visit) that place last year. 15. I just (to get) a letter from Tom. 16. You (to take) any photographs while travelling in the south?

11. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Present Continuous.

1. Я только что позавтракал. 2. Он уже позав­тракал. 3. Мы еще не завтракали. 4. Они все еще пьют чай в столовой. 5. Я уже сделал свои уроки. 6. Он все еще делает свои уроки. 7. У нас сегодня было три урока. 8. У них только что было собрание. 9. Она еще не читала этой книги. 10. Она все еще читает. 11. Кто это написал? 12. Что вы ему написали?

The Present Perfect Continuous

Tense	Key words	Form	Examples (+)	Examples (-)	Examples (?)
Present Perfect Continuous/ Progressive	for two hours for one month for a long time since 5 o’clock the whole day how long	have/has + been+ Infinitive + ing	I have been working. She has been working. He has been going.	I have not been working. She has not been working. He has not been going.	Have I been working? Has she been working? Has he been going?

Допоміжне дієслово: to be (have been, has been)

Вживання:

• Дія, що тривала протягом певного часу до моменту мовлення.

Form

Positive statement: I have been cooking, He has been cooking

Negative statement: I have not been cooking (I haven't been cooking), He has not been cooking

Question: Have you been cooking?

Neg. question: Have you not been cooking? (Haven't you been cooking?)

Use

1. We use the present perfect continuous for events that began in the past, are continuing now and will probably continue in the future.

I have been playing tennis since I was 6 years old.

She has been working here for 15 years.

2. We use it for actions that began in the past and have only just finished.

I've been skiing all day. I'm so tired.

Hello! We've been waiting for you since 5 o'clock.

Present perfect simple vs present perfect continuous

1. In some situations we can use both tenses and there is practically no difference in meaning. The continuous is more usual in the English language.

It has rained for a long time.

It has been raining for a long time.

Verbs which can be used in this way include - learn, live, sleep, rain, sit, work, wait , stay ...

2. Sometimes the simple form can describe a permanent state, while the continuous form a temporary activity.

I have lived here for ten years. It is my permanent address.

I have been living here for ten years. And now I am going to move.

Some verbs cannot express this difference, because they are not normally used in the continuous tenses

(verbs of senses - feel, hear, see; verbs expressing emotions - like, love, admire, wish; verbs of mental state - know, remember, mean, recognize; verbs of possession - belong, own, owe; auxiliaries - can, must and be, have in some cases; others - appear, concern, seem, sound ...). They must be used in the simple form.

We have always had a dog.

I've known him since 1997.

3. Verbs that express a single action (find, start, stop, lose, break ...) are not used in the continuous form.

They've started the fight.

I've lost my purse.

4. There is a difference between a single action in the present perfect simple and continuous.

I have painted the hall. (I have completed my work.)

I have been painting the hall. (That is how I have spent the day, but it does not mean that I have finished my job.)

5. A single action in the present perfect continuous comes up to the time of speaking. But it is different with the simple tense.

She's been cooking dinner. (She is still in the kitchen. She has just finished or she will continue cooking.)

She has cooked dinner. (We do not know when. Yesterday or very recently? The result is important.)

6. We can only use the present perfect continuous for uninterrupted actions.

I've been visiting New York for a couple of years.

She has been writing letters since she got up.

In these sentences we describe one uninterrupted incomplete activity.

If the action is repeated or interrupted (we describe a number of completed individual actions), we must use the simple form. (see also the past tense rules).

I have visited New York three times.

She has written four letters since she got up.