Английский

VII. Прочитайте еще раз последний абзац текста и ответьте на вопрос: How do the stations look?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №1

ВАРИАНТ 3

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова c окончанием -s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite; б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного; в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

1.Life never stops in the streets and squares of London.

2.The London's port is to the East of the City.

3.The "Big Ben" clock weights 13.5 tons.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения,

обратите особое внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1.А steam engine саг is not used now.

2.This railway bridge is very beautiful

3.The London underground problems are very complex.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их письменно на русский язык.

1.The West End is the richest part of London.

2.This book is thinner than that one.

3.The sooner they finish the construction of the hospital, the better.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык,

обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений

1.Nobody saw his brother.

2.He got some two thousand rubles.

3.Have you any flowers in your room?

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видо- временные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; письменно переведите эти предложения на русский язык.

1.We shall write the dictation later.

2.The small boy showed his drawing to his mother.

3.Summer is his favorite season.

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VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст

LONDON

1. London, the capital of Great Britain, is the largest city in Europe. More than eight million people live in London. The houses of London are not very high, most of them are two or five-storeyed buildings.

2.London is situated on both sides of the River Thames. The river is short, but from its mouth to London – a distance over sixty miles – it is wide and deep. It connects London with the sea and makes it one of the largest sea ports in the world.

3.For hundreds of years the water-way to the city is guarded by the Tower - the oldest building in London. The Tower was a fortress, the King's residence and a prison. Now it is a museum.

4.In the centre of London there is another historical building, Westminster Abbey. To the west of Westminster Abbey there stands Buckingham Palace. It is the Royal residence. Every morning the changing of the guards takes place in Front of the palace. This original Tradition is more than two hundred years old.

5.On the bank of the Thames we see-the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British Government. At two corners of this building there are two great towers. One of them is die Clock Tower "Big Ben", the other one is the Victoria Tower.

6.In the centre of London there is another historical building-St Paul's Cathedral.

7.The City is the commercial heart of the capital: most of London banks and offices are situated there.

8.The West End is the richest part of London. Here we see many splendid buildings, parks, fashionable shops, museums, theatres and restaurants. Trafalgar Square is there too. It is one of the finest squares. The Port of London is to the East of the City. The East End of London is the district where the workers work and live. The factories, mills and docks are situated here. It is die poorest part of London.

9.Of all London parks, Hyde Park is, perhaps, the most beautiful. The Londoners rest here.

Слова и пояснения к тексту are situated – расположены

splendid – роскошный, великолепный

VII. Прочитайте еще раз два последние абзаца текста и ответьте на вопрос: Which is the richest part of London?

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КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2

Для правильного выполнения задания №2 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка:

1.Видо-временные формы глагола: а) активный залог – формы времен

Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect (Present, Past, Future); б) пассивный залог – формы времени Indefinite (Present, Past, Future).

2.Модальные глаголы: а) выражающие возможность саn (could), may и их эквиваленты (эквивалент глагола саn – to be able to и эквивалент глагола may – to be allowed to); б) выражающие долженствование: must и

его эквиваленты to have to, to be to; should, ought to.

3.Простые неличные формы глагола: Participle I (Present Participle), Participle II (Past Participle) в функциях определения и обстоятельства. Gerund – герундий – простые формы.

4.Определительные и дополнительные придаточные предложения; придаточные обстоятельственные предложения времени и условия.

5.Интернациональные слова.

Radiated – Participle II, составная часть видо-временной формы Present Indefinite Passive от глагола to radiate.

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КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2 ВАРИАНТ 1

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения письменно на русский язык. Обратите вниманий на перевод пассивных конструкций.

1.Scientists are studying the currents of the Black sea.

2.The light has just changed from green to red.

3.Stephenson's engine was invented in the first part of the 19th Century.

4.The telegram will be sent tomorrow.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обcтоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Предложения письменно переведите.

1.Тhе given explanation was not complete.

2.The voices coming through the open window were very loud.

3.When burnt coal produces heat.

4.When writing a telegram we must use as few words as possible.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Предложения письменно переведите.

1.I shall have to take a train.

2.The object may be larger than another one, but it may weigh less.

3.I can translate this text without a dictionary.

4.You should follow all the important scientific researches in your field.

IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

GEORGE STEPENSON

1.George Stephenson was born in a cottage in the village of Wylam, in a coalmining district in the North of England.

2.His father worked in a coal mine and earned very small wages. He could not afford to send his children to school and (hey had to begin to work as soon as possible.

3.George often carried his father's dinner to the pit where he watched the steam pump at work.

4.George liked to make things with his hands. When he was fourteen he assisted his father in the mine and was able to watch more closely the working of the steam pump. At the age of seventeen he was made an engine-man and was in charge of a steam pump. When he was nineteen George determined to learn to read and write so that he could learn more about steam engines than he was able to find out by watching them at work. He learned quickly and was soon able to read about

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the work of James Watt and other inventors. He then began to think out his plan for making a travelling engine.

5.After a careful and patient work he succeeded in making his first engine and he found that it worked better than any other engine.

6.In his own mind Stephenson was sure that in future the travelling engine must become the chief means by which not only coal but also passengers can be carried about the country.

7.Although at first people were against a railway engine, at last Parliament gave permission to build a railway from Darlington to Stockton. After many difficulties the Stockton and Darlington railway was ready for use, and a great crowd of people came to watch the opening of die first railway line.

8.George Stephenson drove the engine at twelve miles an hour and the train reached Stockton safely in three hours. This first passenger train has proved the truth of Stephenson's belief.

9.Some years later Stephenson made a new railway engine with which he won a prize in a contest with three other engines. This engine was called the "Rocket".

Слова и пояснения к тексту

pit – шахта

travelling engine – двигатель, приводящий в движение транспортное

средство

V. Прочитайте еще раз последний абзац текста и ответьте на вопрос к нему: How was called а new railway engine invented by Stephenson?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2 ВАРИАНТ 2

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глаго-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (b) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а) 1. What subjects is he studying and which subject does he like best?

2.He has never been there.

b)1. The latest instruments were nsed by him.

2.The intensity of this process is influenced by many factors.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Предложения письменно переведите.

1. Squeezed by the ice the ship could not continue her way.

2. A body moving with a certain velocity carries within itself the kinetic energy of motion.

3. While testing the new airplane a pilot must be very cautious.

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4. Unless property treated the metal must not be applied for space technology.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Предложения письменно переведите.

1.You should by to find out all the essential facts connected with his work in Antarctic.

2.Energy сan exist in many forms and each form can be transformed into the other.

3.Your world exists and there can be no doubt that you are the centre of your own world.

4.It may rain.

IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст

JAMES WATT

1.James Watt, the Scottish inventor, was born in the small port of Greenock on the river Clyde in 1736. His father was a mathematical-instrument maker and also kept a shop for supplying ships with goods for their voyages.

2.James was a delicate boy and at first he did not go to school: his mother taught him to read, and his father taught him writing and arithmetic.

3.James was an observant and thoughtful boy. One day he noticed that, when the water in the kettle was boiling, the power of the steam moved the lid up and down, and when he held a cold spoon over the steam, it quickly turned back into drops of water.

4.His father saw that James was able to make things with his hands, so be brought some tools from his workshop and the little boy was never so happy as when he was using them.

5.When the time came for him to go to school he did not enjoy his school work until, when he was thirteen, he began to learn mathematics, and in this work he soon showed that he was very clever.

6.Reading was another of his pleasures, and before he was fifteen he had read all the books on his father's bookshelf, and among them a book on science.

7.James loved to be out-of-doors and often went for long walks in the country. When the time came for him to learn a trade his father sent him first to Glasgow and then to London. When James came back to Glasgow, he started a shop for the making and repair of instruments.

8.James was always thinking of how to improve the steam engine because it used too much coal and a good deal of the steam was wasted. He set to work and soon he had made a new type of steam engine, the first successful form of the steam engine.

9.The next step in invention was to make a locomotive that could go far away carrying its own fuel and water with it.

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10.A watt, the unit of electric power was named after him. He was equally devoted to chemistry and by his own researches he discovered the composition of water.

11.When James Watt died in 1819, a monument was put up to his memory in Westminster Abbey.

Слова и пояснения к тексту lid – крышка

to set – приниматься (за работу, дело и т.п.) to be out-of-doors – бывать на воздухе

V. Прочитайте еще раз последний абзац текста и ответьте на вопрос. Where was а monument to James Watt's memory put up?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2 ВАРИАНТ 3

I. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глаг-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите письменно предложения на русский язык. В разделе (b) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а) 1. Astronomers have measured the exact length of the day.

2. Reactor is fast becoming a major source of heat and electricity.

б) l. Many Compounds can be decomposed when they are acted upon by different forms of energy.

2. The chemical properties of an element are determined by the orbiting electrons.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Предложения письменно переведите.

1.When translated, his article on chemistry was sent to the International Chemical Congress.

2.Translating the English article into Russian he looked up the words in the dictionary.

3.The results achieved by the scientist were of great importance.

4.He presented a plan containing many details.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Предложения письменно переведите.

1.Water may be obtained by melting ice.

2.Laser light can be used to transmit power of various types.

3.You should take a taxi if you don't want to be late.

4.This new material had to withstand much higher temperatures than metals.

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IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст

MICHAEL FARADAY

1.Michael Faraday, one of the greatest men of science, was born in the family of а blacksmith in 1791. He had little chance to get an education.

2.When thirteen years old, he went as apprentice to learn bookbinding. He read many of the books which he had to bind and made clear and careful notes from the books that interested him most. Once when binding an encyclopedia, he ran across an article on electricity which struck his imagination and aroused his interest. He became immensely interested in science.

3.With the little money which he could save, he bought a cheap and simple apparatus and set to make experiments.

4.He happened to attend four lectures on chemistry by Sir Humphrey Davy, an outstanding scientist, in 1812. Disliking his trade as a bookbinder, he applied to Davy for а Position. Davy engaged Michael Faraday in 1813 as apparatus assistant and helped him to get a profounder knowledge of the subject.

5.In 1814-1815 Faraday travelled with Davy on the continent and saw many of the continental scientists. He was encouraged by Davy to begin original research and in 1816 he published his first paper.

6.Being still an assistant he helped Davy to create a safety lamp for miners. He learned chemistry, lectured to young people interested in science and wrote for a quarterly scientific Journal. He worked at many problems, but the problem of electricity and magnetism interested him above all, though he had no university training.

7.Although Faraday enjoyed world-wide popularity he remained a modest man never wanting either to accept high titles or to get any money out of his numerous discoveries.

8.He was one of those great men who made possible the age of electricity in which we live, all the marvels that it brings us and all those that it may bring to the future generations.

Слова и пояснения к тексту blacksmith – кузнец

to bind – переплетать книгу

he happened to attend – ему случилось посетить marvel – чудо, удивительная вещь

V. Перечитайте два первых абзаца текста и ответьте на вопрос: Why did Faraday become interested in science?

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №3

Для правильного выполнения задания №3 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса:

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4. He is listened to with great pleasure.

II. Переведите письменно на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1.Не thinks that the telegram will be sent tomorrow.

2.One should always keep саге of him.

3.It is known that children of Sparta were given a military education.

III. Переведите письменно предложения, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1.You have to study much if you want to pass the examination well.

2.He does not know English well.

3.The boy had to tell his parents everything.

4.They were to meet at the railway station.

IV. Переведите писмьменно предложения, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1.Не is interested in all marvels our age brings us.

2.We know electricity produces heat.

V. Переведите письменно следующие предложения, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1.His task was to complete the work in time.

2.He was the first to come.

3.He likes to read English books.

4.To know English well you must work hard.

VI. Переведите письменно следующий текст

ENGINES

Radial engine

1.Most gas turbine engines are axial: the compressed air in them moves in a linear direction. In a radial turbine engine, the air moves peripherally as in a centrifuge. Although the axial turbine, are used where large amounts of power are required, R. J. Mowill, Norway, says radial engines could be used at the lower end of the high-power spectrum.

2.His сompany has developed a 1,600-horsepower radial engine for ships. Reliability and low maintenance costs combined with smallness of size are advantages that make the engine competitive, he says. А key factor in making it more attractive is that the firm, has been able to increase the engine's compression ratio.

3.All of the components in the engine are designed in order to cut down maintenance Problems. Sliding bearings are used, for example, to reduce friction and to соре with gyroscopic forces in heavy seas.

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