10. Turn these sentences into the Passive Voice.

1. Can we receive a single room with a private bath in you hotel? 2. The receptionist asked him to fill in a form in English. 3. The secretary showed Mr. Black into the President’s private room. 4. We must settle the problem in the shortest possible time. 5. They told me they would improve their model. 6. I could not find the book anywhere. 7. They serve breakfast from eight to eleven at this hotel.

Read the text:

The rubbish dump in the sky.

On 4 October 1957 the first satellite, Sputnik, was launched. Since then, thousands of spacecraft have been sent into space. Every few weeks new satellites are put into orbit. Unfortunately, space is being polluted be debris from these space flights. More than 70,000 objects have been left in space. Parts of rockets have been left. Old satellites have been abandoned. Other items, including a glove, a spanner and a camera, have been lost by astronauts. The situation up there is becoming dangerous. Both Russian and American spacecraft have been damaged. An astronaut would be killed if he or she was hit by a piece of rubbish. It would cost billions of dollars to collect all the debris, but if nothing is done the situation will only get worse. Sooner or later a satellite will be destroyed by a large piece of rubbish and thousands more pieces of debris will be scattered.

Answer these questions.

1. What is it about?

2. How has the situation been created?

3. Why is the situation dangerous?

4. What will happen in the future?

Complete the sentences from the text.

1. On 4 October 1957 the first satellite Sputnik, … . 2. Since then, thousands of spacecraft … into space. 3. Every few weeks new satellites … into orbit. 4. Unfortunately, space … by debris from these space flights. 5. An astronaut … if he or she was hit by a piece of rubbish. 6. Sooner or later a satellite … by a large piece of rubbish.

Word-building

Suffixes and prefixes	Formation and meaning	Examples
-ment,-er(-or),-tion, -ssion,-sion,-ence, -ance,-ing	Formation of the nouns from the verbs	Development, discussion, driver, difference, translation, teacher, reading
-teen,-ty	Formation of cardinal numerals	Sixty, eighteen
-ive,-al,-ian,-less, -ful,-ic,-y	Formation of the adjectives from the nouns	Effective, woody, official, hopeless, Indian, atomic, beautiful, sandy
-ty,-ity,-ness	Formation of the nouns from the adjectives	Safety, happiness, possibility
-ship,-ture	Formation of the nouns	Friendship, adventure, mixture
-ize	Formation of the verbs from the adjectives	Localize, collectivize, nationalize
-ous	Formation of the adjectives	Conscious, various, numerous
-iable,-able, -ent,-ant	Formation of the adjectives from the verbs	Measurable, readable, countable, different, resistant
-ly	Formation of the adverbs from the adjectives	Properly, naturally, kindly
mis-,dis-	These prefixes have the meaning, opposite to the stem	To misunderstand, misfortune, to dislike, to discover
over-,under-	The prefix –over means “пере-, сверх”; the prefix –under means “недо-”	To overcome, to underpay, to overwork, to underfeed
re-	Prefix of the verbs –re means the recurrence of the actions	To redone, to remake, to rewrite

1. Form the nouns from the following verbs with the help of the suffixes.

to work, to develop, to agree, to read, to write, to translate, to dictate, to farm, to plant, to buy, to interpret, to differ, to teach, to drive, to collect, to seed, to learn, to discuss, to examine, to contain, to indicate.

2. Name the suffixes in the following words, define the part of speech.

central, personally, experiment, friendship, chemist, document, question, production, conference, practical, computer, early, vacant, attractive, wonderful, student, painter, richly.

3. Group the following words dividing them into: a) nouns, b) adjectives, c) adverbs, d) numerals.

local, writer, clearly, fifth, condition, principal, client, conversation, sensitive, eighteen, fully, comprehensive, conversion, social, porter, session, regional, tractor, cultivation, easily, formally, assistant, speaker, closely.

3. Form the antonyms of the following words, using suffixes.

usual, known, natural, adequate, thinkable, possible, dependence, different, happy, mortal, pretty, well, regular, practical, legal, definite, rational, logical.

3. Form the words, opposite to the meaning, using:

1. prefix dis-

able, comfortable, to connect, to cover, to continue, to like, to place, to please.

2. prefix mis-

to believe, to understand, information, to lead, to manage, to place, to use, to spell.

3. translate the words into Russian.

3. Group the words into synonymous pairs.

various, to start, earth, to return, globe, wood, different, to begin, to produce, major, to name, kind, to come back, to call, to manufacture, forest, chief, species.

3. Group the words into antonymous pairs.

to disappear, to die, without, to break, inside, simple, to stop, decomposer, to live, to decrease, to appear, with, complex, to move, long, outside, composer, to build, to increase, short.