^

&'

^{Getting on in English}

(intermediate)

Стлкуемося

англшською мовою

(серелиin pineub)

Видання чегверте (доповнене i розширене)

Затверджено MinicmepcmeoM oceimu i науки Укроти

як тдручник для студентгв вищих

навчальнихзаклад1в

Лыив

Видавництво “Растр-7”

2011

УДК 811.111 (075.8) ББК-81.2Англш73

Затверджено Мшстерством oceimu i науки Украгни як шдручник для студентгв вищих навчалъних заклаЫв (Лист № 1.4/18-Г-1463.1 eid 5. 09. 2007р.)

Рецензенти:

Кияк Тарас Романович, доктор фшолопчних наук, професор, завщувач кафедри

теорп та практики перекладу з нТмецько! мови LJLL национального ун!вер-

ситету i_MeHi Тараса Шевченка;

noMipm Роман Семенович, доктор фшолопчних наук, професор, завщувач кафедри

французы^ фшолога Льивсиоп, Национального университету uLri 1вана Франка;

Андрейчук НаЫя 1ватвна, кандидат фшолопчних наук, доцент, завщувачка кафедри

прикладно! шнтастики Нащонального уншерситету “Льв1вська полггехнцса”;

Бик Пор Степанович, кандидат фшолопчних наук, доцент, зав1дувач кафедри

шоземних мов факультету и^жнародних вдаосин ЛНУ iM. 1в. Франка;

Сшлкуемося англшською мовою (середнш _Р1вень) (За редакщею I. Байбаково!', О. Гасько, М. Федоришина). Видання четверте (доповнене i розширене). Шдручник. - Льв1в: Видавництво „Растр-7”, 2011. - 276 с. ISBN 978-966-2004-59-5

Автори: Байбакова I.M., Балацька Л.П., Барабаш О.В., Бусько М.Б., Василик СВ., Вдовш В.В., Вислободська I.M., Водарська Н.М., Гасько О.Л., Головко Н.П., Запоттчна M.I., Гльницька Л.В., 1льчишин Н.М., Казимира 3.I., Ключков-ськаГМ., КравецъС.Ф., Шнник-Паммер Л.В., Магдач З.Т., Мазур О.П., Миськ1в I.C., Морська И.О., Мукан Н.В., Олекав Г.Д., Павленко M.I., Па­учник ГЛ., Пастирська I. Я., Шдопсецька Л.Б., Савенко О.М., Сасенюк Ю.В., Федоришин М.С., Х1м’як Г.М., Ярема О.В., Яремко Г.В.

Шдручник призначений для вищих навчальних закладав Укра'ши, яю здшенюють щдготовку фахлвщв з р4зних спещальностей. Укладачами шдручника враховаш загальноевропейсью рекомендацп з mobhoV оевгги, щодо пшппшенн!. р1вня професшногоепшкуванняшоземною мовою. Шдручник складаеться з шести частин: “Профемя шженера”, “Ла6орато_Р1я”, “Украшсью 1мена у евгговш наущ", “Науково-дослщна робота студенпв”, “На науковш конференщГ, “Професшна етика”.

Isbn 978-966-2004-59-5

©Видавництво „Растр-7”,2011

UNIT 1. ENGINEERING PROFESSION

Task 1.1. Discuss the following questions in small teams, write down all the ideas, and present them to the whole group after the discussion:

1. Why have you chosen this speciality?

2. What do you know about the history of your institute / department?

3. What can you say about the staff of your institute and subjects taught at it?

4. What can you say about academic facilities at your institute?

5. What do you know about the development of science you major in and the most famous people who greatly contributed to this development?

6. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of work in the branch of industry you are going to work for.

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SECTION I. AURAL COMPREHENSION

Task 1.2. Listen to the text “Some Problems of Higher Education” and answer the following questions:

7. What kinds of discrimination existed in educational system during its history?

8. Why were numerous higher technical schools being established during the 20th century?

9. What main problems do graduates face immediately after graduating from a higher school?

10. What can a higher school do for the enterprise it co-operates with?

11. What does an active attitude towards studying mean?

12. What does a graduate need in order to make a brilliant career (according to this text)?

4

UnitI

Task 1.3. Memorise the essential vocabulary to the topic "Engineering Profession”, and translate the sentences containing it:

13. accommodate smth. to - пристосовувати - to adapt, adjust, change a plan so that it fits with smth. else, e.g. I will accommodate my plans to yours.

14. apply - 1.застосовувати, 2.звертатись до, подати заяву- l.to use, utilize, make practical use of , 2.to request, e.g. Doing the research, one should apply theoretical knowledge to practice. Has he applied for this job?

application - 1.застосування, 2.заява - 1.making practical use of, 2.formal request, e.g. The application of harmful production technologies should be banned. Your application has not been considered yet.

15. apprenticeship - учшвство, навчання професй- iime of being an apprentice, e.g. Craftsmen learned their skills through apprenticeship. apprentice - учень - a person learning a craft, e.g. The apprentice is as skEed as the master.

16. be based on - базуватися - use as a basis for, e.g. Scientific discoveries are usually based on thorough investigation.

17. be concerned with - мати справу з, бути пов’язаним з - have relation to, be busy with, e.g. This work is concerned with various kinds of computing machines.

18. craftsman - майстер, ремкник - a person skilled in a craft; handy man, e.g. A successful engineer should be both a craftsman and a scientist.

19. create - творити, створювати - bring into existence; make smth. new or origina,, e.g. This department has created favourable conditions for experimental work. creative - творчий - having power to create, e.g. An engineer must possess creative and imaginative nature.

20. customer - юпент, покупець - a shop’s or firm’s customers are the people who buy its goods, e.g. They install the equipment on the customer's premises.

21. curren- - струм fllow of electricity, e.g. The curreni ss cut off. current (adj.) - сучасний, поточний - belonging to the present time; contemporary, latest, up-to-date, e.g. You should make a report on your current research work.

22. deal with - мати справу, стосуватися, справлятися - take aciion abou;; be about or concerned with; do business with, e.g. That man is easy to deal with. How shall we deal with this problem?

Engineering profession

5

23. do without - обходитися - manage without, e.g. Nowadays it is not possible to do without computers.

24. design - проектувати, планувати - prepare a sketch, plan, etc.; set apart, intend, plan, e.g. He designs engines for a large car manufacturing company.

25. distribute -розподшяти- to divide smth. and share it out among a number of people; to put into groups or classes, e.g. Organizers plan to distribute posters and leaflets.

26. efficiency ефективнсть - state or quality of being efficient, e.g. High level of efficiency is required in any kind of wort

efficient - ефективний - capable of doing smth. well without wasting time or. energy, e.g. This method is considered to be most efficient.

15. equip обладнувати, забезпечувати - to provide with, e.g. Students are to beequipped with skills and knowledge within their specialisation

equipment - обладнання -.all the things needed or used for a particular job or

activity, e.g.

Here students learn how to handle modem equipment.

16. employ - наймати - to hire, engage, e.g. The company employs eighteen staff.employment - забезпечення роботою, зайняткть, працевлаштування-employing or being employed; one’s regular work or occupation, e.g. Ourgraduates will not have problems with employment.

employer - працедавець- a person who employs others; e.g. A successful employer involves employees in discussing problems and generating ideas for their solution. employee - службовець - a person who is employed;

27. ensure - забезпечувати, гарантувати - to make certain of getting or achieving, e.g. This university ensures to its undergraduates the practical training at industrial enteiprises.

28. extensive - широкий, просторий - great in scope // covering a wide area, e.g. Extensive research has been done in this field of science.

29. experience - досвщ- the knowledge, skill or feeling obtained through direct impressions or practice, e.g. In most cases, applicants for a job are required to have previous professional experience.

experienced - досвщчений - possessing skills or knowledge because of having done something for a long time, e.g. Experienced and qualified specialists are always in great demand.

30. include - охоплювати - to comprise or contain as a part of a whole, e.g. The course of programming includes both lectures and practical classes.

31. increase - збшьшувати - to become greater in size, amount, number, value, degree etc., e.g. Automation of production processes increases labour productivity.

6

Unit1

22. invent - винаходити - to devise, originate (a new device, method etc.) e.g.Morse invented the telegraph.

invention - винахід- something invented, e.g. Invention of the wheel is one of

the greatest achievements of mankind.

inventor - винахщник - the one who has invented something, e.g. Inventors

register their inventions in the Patent Office.

inventive - винахідливий - able to generate new, different or interesting ideas,

e.g. An engineer must be inventive.

32. involve - включати в себе, залучати до - to include, concern, e.g. Students are involved in research wort

33. install - встановлювати, монтувати - to set in position for use, e.g. Several new computers were installed in this study-room last month.

installation - установка - the act of fitting a piece of equipment somewhere, e.g. The installation of a new device took much efforts and time.

34. level - pieem. - a position in a scale of importance; a relative position in respect to some norm in a scale of estimating, e.g. This higher educational establishment is famous for its high teaching level.

35. manage to do - змогти зробити, вдається зробити - to succeed in accom­plishing or handling, but with difficulty, e.g. How did you manage to fulfill this task in such a short period of time?

36. manufacture - виробляти - to make things on a large scale by hand or ma­chine or both, e.g. They started manufacturing a wider range of goods. manufacturing - виробництво, виробничий - the process or business of pro­ducing goods in factories, e.g. Computers are widely used at manufacturing enterprises.

37. occupation - заняття, фах, рщ занять - an activity by which one earns one's living or fills one’s time, e.g. You should be very thoughtful choosing your future occupation.

38. opportunity - слушна нагода, сприятлива можливють - a set of circumstances providing a chance or possibility, e. g. Will you have an opportunity to use a computer?

39. point of view - точка зору - someone’s own personal opinion or attitude about something, e.g. There exist different points of view on the utilization of atomic energy.

31. produce - виробляти - manufacture, e.g. The factory produces 100 cars aweek

production - виробництво - the process of making or growing things to be sold as products, or the amount that is produced, e.g. Production of these goods has increased lately.

32. prospects (p)) - плани на майбутне, перспективи - chances of future success,e.g. He has excellent prospects for a successful career in radio engineering.

Engineering profession

1

ЪЪ. research - дослщження - serious study of a subject, that is intended to discover, e.g. He is doing research in the field of microelectronics.

34. require - вимагати- to need something, e.g. More experimental data arerequired.

requirement - вимога - something that is needed or asked for, e.g. What are the

requirements to performing this work?

meet requirements - вщповщати вимогам -, e.g. This work meets all the

requirements.

35. science - наука- knowledge about the world especially based on examinationand testing, and facts that can be proved, e.g. Third-year students study specialsubjects in their field of science.

scientific -науковий - about or connected with science, or using its methods, e.g. Students should be able to read scientific literature in foreign languages.

scientist - вчений - someone who works or is trained in science, e.g. Ukrainian scientists are known all over the world.

36. source - джерело - a thing, place, activity etc. that you get something from, e.g.ш Books are a source of wisdom and knowledge.

31. skill - майстершсть, вмшня, навик - an ability to do something well, e.g. In the past craftsmen learned their skills through apprenticeship.

skillful - майстерний -, e.g. This device requires skillful handling.

38. train - виховувати, навчати, готувати, готуватися - to teach someone or betaught the skills of a particular job or activity, e.g. "Lviv Polytechnic" trainshighly qualified engineers.

training - шдготовка - the process of teaching someone, e.g. This institute gives training in electronics.

39. vocation - профеоя- any trade, profession or occupation, e.g. What is yourvocation?

vocational - профессий -, e.g. Before entering the university, he finished a technical vocational school.

Task 1.4. Complete the words to match the definitions given:

40. time of being an apprentice a t p

41. to divide smth. and share it out among a number of _J

people d__t u__

3. a person who employs others e r

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8

42. chances of future success

43. any trade, profession or occupation

44. a person skilled in a craft

45. state or quality of being efficient

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Unit1

Task 1.5. Match the following words with their definitions:

1. to apply	a)
2. current	b)
3. to manufacture	c)
4. occupation	d)
5. point of view	e)
6. skill	f)
7. equipment	g)
8. installation	h)
9. experience	i)
10. research	j)

to produce things on a large scale

an ability to do smth. well

the act of fitting the piece of equipment

flow of electricity

things needed or used for a particular job or activity

knowledge, skills obtained through practice •

someone’s personal opinion

to make practical use of

serious study of a subject

an activity by which one earns one’s living

Task 1.6. Match each word in section A with one of a similar meaning in section B:

1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

A experienced management to employ to enhance manufacture research vocation advanced to include

10. to install

a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j)

В

administration to increase profession to contain practiced to fix production progressive investigation to hire

Task 1.7. Match each word in section A with one of an opposite meaning in section B:

В

limited clumsy inefficient to decrease an employer to dismantle

A

a) b) c) d) e) f)

46. an apprentice

47. to create

48. an employee

49. extensive

50. to manage to do smth.

51. skillful

Engineering profession

9

52. to increase

53. to install

54. efficient

55. employment

g) unemployment

h) a master

i) to fait to do smth.

j) to destroy

Task 1.8. Form the derivative words using the following suffixes and translate them:

-ion (-tion, -ation) : create, distribute, produce, invent, install, accommodate;

-ment: involve, develop, employ, require, equip, manage;

-er(or): create, design, deal, manufacture, train, use, employ, manage, research;

-al: education, profession, vocation;

-ly: creative, current, efficient, extensive, scientific, skillful.

Task 1.9. Do the crossword puzzle, translating the following words into English:

Down

	Across		]
1	майстер, ремюник	20	винаходити
2	майстертсть, вмшня, навик	21	збшьшувати
3	вчений, науковець	22	наука
4	виробляти	23	вимагати
5	широкий	24	профеЫя
6	учтвство	25	досвщ
7	заняття, фах	26	наймати
8	дослщження	27	слушна нагода
9	включати в себе, залучати	28	струм
10	ефективний	29	виховувати
11	охоплювати	30	джерело
12	встановлювати	31	перспективи
13	забезпечувати
14	виробляти
15	ефектившсть
16	розподшяти
17	обладнувати
18	виробляти
19	пристосовувати

10

UmtI

Task 1.10. Fill in the gaps using active vocabulary from the list: ensure, manage, experience, occupation, accommodate, employer, efficient, prospects, installed, design, training, invention, require, craftsmen, involved.

56. The architect showed us her ... for the new theatre.

57. You must find a more ... way of organizing your time.

58. Please ... that all the documents are in order.

59. Should you have any special requirements, our staff will do their best to ... to

them.

60. The car factory is a large ... in this town.

61. All the furniture we sell is individually made by ....

62. More than 100 people were ... in the project.

63. We are sorry we didn’t... to see you while we were in Ternopil.

64. She is... to be an engineer.

Engineering profession

11

65. It’s an ... not to be missed.

66. Please indicate your ... on the form.

67. Do you... any assistance?

68. The job offers a good salary and excellent....

69. We are waiting to have new computers ....

70. Books had to be written by hand before the ... of printing.

JsLLllON Ш. Al 1LILD GRAMMAR

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Main points: INFINITIVE, COMPLEX OBJECT, COMPLEX SUBJECT FORMS OF INFINITIVE

	INDEFINITE	CONTINUOUS	PERFECT	PERFECT CONTINUOUS
ACTIVE	to build	to be building	to have built	to have been building
PASSIVE	to be built		to have been built

1.The company will have to build a new trading centre next year.

2.The company is said to be building a new trading centre now.

3.The company is said to have built a new trading centre last year.

4.The company is said to have been building this trading centre for two years.

5.A new trading gentre is said to obeuilt here eext year.

6.The new trading centre is said to have been built two months ago.

Task 1.11. FUNCTIONS OF THE INFINITIVE. Read the sentences, translate them into Ukrainian and put questions to the underlined words:

Subject: To patent an invention means to register it in the Patent Office.

Part of the Predicate: Their task was to design a new academic building. Students must

take four exams during this examination session. Object: He wants to create a new computer game.

Attribute: The department bought computers to be installed in this laboratory. Adverbial Modifier: (In order) to compile a program, you should know the

programming language.

12

UNlTі

COMPLEX OBJECT

Read and compare these sentences: