5. Prosthetics

(Протезування)

PART I

Pre-text assignments

Exercise 1. Practice the pronunciation:

prosthesis [‘prנsθisis]

edentulous [i:’dentjuləs]

esthetically [‘i:sθi:tikəli]

abutment [ə’bΛtmənt]

ridge [rid3]

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary:

prosthesis протезування, протез

edentulous беззубий

abutment опірний зуб

ridge альвеолярний відросток (щелепи)

retentive утримуваючий

clasp кламер,затискач

tipped tooth загострений зуб

Exercise 3. Read the words and word combinations and translate them.

denture: removable partial denture, tooth-supported denture, implant-supported fixed partial denture, well-designed denture.

tooth: teeth, missing teeth, contiguous teeth, tipped teeth, temporary teeth, permanent teeth, decayed teeth

Exercise 4.Form and translate the new words using the given suffixes:

-able: to remove, to depend, to mark

-ly: general, periodontal, esthetic, financial, biomechanical, functional

Exercise 5.Find Ukrainian equivalents:

Missing teeth, edentulous space, retentive clasps, periodontally weakened primary abutments, tooth-supported fixed partial denture, edentulous ridge.

Exercise 6. Read the text and translate it:

Replacement of missing teeth

Missing teeth may be replaced by one of three prosthesis types: a removable partial denture, a tooth-supported fixed partial denture or an implant-supported fixed partial denture. Several factors must be weighed when choosing the type of prosthesis: biomechanical, periodontal, esthetic and financial as well as the patient’s wish.

A removable partial denture is generally indicated for edentulous spaces greater than two posterior teeth, anterior spaces greater than four incisors, or spaces that include a canine and two other contiguous teeth, i.e. central incisor, lateral incisor and canine; lateral incisor, canine and both premolars.

An edentulous space with no distal abutment will usually require a removable partial denture. Bilateral edentulous spaces with more than two teeth missing on one side also may call for the use of a removable prosthesis instead of two fixed prostheses.

Tipped teeth adjoining edentulous spaces, periodontally weakened primary abutments may serve better in retaining a well-designed removable partial denture.

It is also possible to design the partial denture framework so that retentive clasps will be placed on teeth other that those adjacent to the edentulous space.

An insufficient number of abutments may also be a reason for selecting a removable partial denture.

If there has been a severe loss of tissue in the edentulous ridge, a removable partial denture can more easily be used to restore the space both functionally and esthetically.

Post-text assignments

Exercise 7.Answer the questions:

1. How many types may the missing teeth be replaced?

2. What factors must be weighed when choosing the type of prosthesis?

3. What is the removable partial denture generally indicated for?

4. What may the tipped teeth serve for?

5. What should be placed on teeth to design the partial denture framework?

6. What does the edentulous space require?

7. What is the reason of selecting a removable partial denture?

8. How can the removable partial denture restore the space?

Exercise 8. Make the following sentences negative:

1. An edentulous space with no distal abutment will usually require a removable partial denture.

2. A removable partial denture is generally indicated for edentulous spaces greater than two posterior teeth.

3. A removable partial denture can more easily be used to restore the space both functionally and esthetically.

4. Retentive clasps will be placed on teeth.

Exercise 9. Find English equivalents for the following words and word combinations in the text:

Утримуваючий кламер, відсутні зуби, беззуба ділянка, беззубий альвеолярний відросток, зафіксований протез, прилеглі зуби.

Exercise 10. Translate into English.

1. Частковий знімний протез використовується для щелеп з частковим дефектом зубного ряду.

2. Згідно показникам, лікар назначив пацієнту знімний протез.

3. Повинно враховувати деякі фактори при виборі типу протеза: біомеханічний, естетичний, фінансовий, періодонтальний, а також побажання пацієнта.

4. Недостатня кількість опірних зубів є причиною вибору часткового знімного протезу.

Exercise 11. Read the passage filling in the missing active words.

Missing … may be replaced by one of three prosthesis types: a removable partial …, a tooth-supported fixed partial … or an implant-supported fixed partial ... . It is also possible to design the partial … framework so that retentive clasps will be placed on … other that those adjacent to the edentulous … .