Тема №1: я – студент. Моя будущая профессия. Медицинская специализация

Продолжительность изучения темы – 12ч.

Цель: развитие навыков перевода, аннотирования и реферирования текстов по специальности

Задачи:

1. самостоятельно тренировать навыки перевода текстов повседневного и общенаучного характера со словарём;

2. самостоятельно тренировать навыки аннотирования и реферирования текстов по специальности, используя приёмы смысловой компрессии.

Текст 1. Primitive medicine

Unwritten history is not easy to interpret, and, although much may be learned from a study of the drawings, bony remnants, and surgical tools of the early man, it is difficult to reconstruct his mental attitude toward the problems of disease and death. It seems probable that humans, as soon as they had reached the stage of reasoning, discovered, by the process of trial and error, which plants might be used as foods, which of them were poisonous, and which of them had some medicinal value.

However, the man did not at first regard death and disease as natural phenomena. Common maladies, such as colds, were accepted as part of existence, but serious and disabling diseases were placed in a very different category and were considered to be of supernatural origin.

One curious method of providing the disease with means of escape from the body was by making a hole, 2.5 to five centimetres across, in the skull of the victim - the practice of trepanning. Trepanned skulls of prehistoric date have been found in Britain, France and other parts of Europe and in Peru. The practice still exists among primitive people in parts of Algeria, in Melanesia, and perhaps elsewhere, though it is fast becoming extinct.

Magic and religion played a large part in the medicine of the prehistoric or primitive man. Administration of a vegetable drug or remedy by mouth was accompanied by incantations, dancing, grimaces, and all the tricks of the magician. Therefore, the first doctors, or "medicine men," were witch doctors. The use of charms and talismans, still prevalent in modem times, is of ancient origin. Apart from the treatment of wounds and broken bones, primitive physicians showed their wisdom by treating the whole person, soul as well as body. Treatments and medicines that produced no physical effects on the body could nevertheless make a patient feel better when both the medicine man and the patient believed in their efficacy. This so-called placebo effect is applicable even in modem clinical medicine.

Вариант заданий для проверки понимания содержания:

Задание 1. Определите, является ли утверждение «…..»

А) истинным

Б) ложным

В) в тексте нет информации

Задание 2. Определите, является ли утверждение «…..»

А) истинным

Б) ложным

В) в тексте нет информации

Задание 3. Определите, является ли утверждение «…..»

А) истинным

Б) ложным

В) в тексте нет информации

Задание 4. Ответьте на вопрос «…..»

А) …

Б) …

В) …

Г) …

Задание 5. Определите основную идею текста

А) …

Б) …

В) …

Г) …