Геометрия7_9
.pdf§ 15. EJieMeHTH cTepeo!lleTpil |
221 |
y nepepiai ,ZJ;icTaHeMO piBHOOi•rny Tpane~IO, |
OIIHCaHY HaBKOJIO |
KOJia p~iyca R, y HKOl 6it.IHi CTOpOHH - TBipHi KOHyca, a rocTpHH KYT npH HHmHi:H ocHoBi µ;opiBHIOe a. Paµ;iyc BB1 HHmHLo'iOCHOBH KOHyca 3HaXO,ZJ;HMO 3 npHMOKYTHOro TpHKYTHHKa
OB1B, y .HKoro KYT B µ;opiBHIOe |
.!!.• BBi = ..lL. AHanorit.IHo aHa- |
|
|
2 |
tgj- |
xo,ZJ;HMo pa,ZJ;iyc BepxHLo'iOCHOBH |
AA1 |
= R · tg'i. TBipHy AB KO- |
Hyca aHaxO,ZJ;HMO 3 npHMOKYTHOro TPHKYTHHKa ACB: AB = ~R • |
||
|
|
sma |
IlpH o6epTaHHi niBKpyra HaBKOJio µ;iaMeTpa AB HK oci, niBKpyr oIIHcye Kynro pa,ZJ;iyca R, HKHH µ;opiBHIOe pa,ZJ;iycy niBKpyra (Man. 339). IlpH n;1.0My nnocKHH KYT a onHcye KY.11.bOBUU ceKmop, a niBcerMeHT ADC Kpyra onHcye KY.11.bOBUU cez.M.enm, BHCOTa HKoro AD. ,n;yra AC niBKpyra onHcye cr/Jepu11.nuu cez.M.enm •
.n;nH BH3HatteHHH IIJIOIII; i o6'eMiB BHKOpHCTOBYIOTb TaKi cpopMYJIH.
n JW1l4-a c4Jepu paiJiyca R: s = 47tR2•
llAo~ c4Jepu11,noio cezMenmapaiJiycaR i Bucomu H: S=21tRH. 06'eM KyAi: V = ~1tR3 •
06'eM 1'Y/l.b06ozo ceKmopa: V = i1tR2 H, iJe H - Bucoma BiiJ-
noBiiJnozo c4Jepu11,nozo cez.Menma.
? |
KOHTPOnhHI3AilHTAHHH |
• |
|
1.IIJ,o TaKe cTepeoMeTpiH?
2.CcpopMyJIIOHTe aKcioMH rpynH C.
3. .n;oBe,ZJ;iTb, w;o qepe3 TpH TO'IKH,HKi He nemaTb Ha O,ZJ;Hi:H npHMiH, MO:>K.Ha npoBeCTH IIJIOIIl;HHy.
4 . .n;oBe,ZJ;iTb, w;o KOJIH ,ZJ;Bi TO"IKH npHMOl HaJiemaTb IIJIOIIl;HHi, TO BCH npHMa HaJie:>K.HTb :u;i:H llJIOIIl;HHi.
5.HKi npHMi B npocTopi Ha3HBaIOTLCH napaneJILHHMH?
6.HKi npHMi Ha3HBaIOTLCH MHMo6imHHMH?
7.IIJ,o oaHattae: npHMa i nnom;HHa napanen1.Hi?
8.HKi nnom;HHH Ha3HBaIOTLCH napaneJILHHMH?
9.HKi npHMi B npocTopi Ha3HBaIOTLCH nepneH,ZJ;HKYJIHpHHMH?
10.,n;a:HTe 03HatteHHH nepneH,ZJ;HKYJIHpHOCTi npHMOl i IIJIOIIl;HHH.
11.IIJ,o Ha3HBaeTbCH Bi,ZJ;CTaHHIO Bi,ZJ; TO'IKH,ZJ;O IIJIOIIl;HHH?
12.IIJ,o TaKe npoeK:a;iH IIOXHJIOl?
13.HKi nnom;HHH Ha3HBaJOTLCH nepneH,ZJ;HKYJIJipHHMH?
14.IIJ,o TaKe ,ZJ;BorpaHHHH KYT?
9 l<Jl&C |
222 |
|
15.IIJ;o TaKe npH3Ma; BHCOTa npH3MH?
16.SIR.a np11aua Ha3HBaE:TLCH npaBHJI1>H010?
17.IIJ;o TaKe napaJieJienine,A?
18.IIJ;o TaKe nipaM:i,Aa?
19.HKa nipaMi,Aa HaaHBaeTLCH npaBHJI1>Ho10?
20.IIoscHiTi., m;o TaKe apiaaHa nipaMi,Aa.
21.HaaBiTb HaiinpocTimi TiJia o6epTaHHH.
1.To~IKH A, B, C i D He JiemaTh B O,AHiH nJiow;uHi. ,D;oBe,AiT:&, w;o
nps:Mi AB i CD He nepeTHHaIOT:&CH.
2.qH MOmHa 'tlepeaTO"IKY nepeTHHY ,ABOX ,A8HHX IIpHMHX npoBecTH TpeTIO npHMY' .flKa He JiemHTb 3 HHMH B O,AHHi IIJIOm;HHi? IIoacHiT:& Bi,AnoBi,Ai..
3.qOTHpH TO"IKH He JiemaTb B O,AHHi UJIOm;HHi. qH MomyTb .HKiHe6y,Ab TPH 3 HHX JiemaTH Ha O,AHiH npaMiH? Ilo.HCHiTb Bi,AUO-
Bi,Ah.
4. ,D;oBe,AiT:&, m;o KOJIH nps:Mi AB i CD MHMo6imHi, TO npaMi AC .
i BD TaKom MHMo6imHi.
5.qepea Kim:i;i Bi,ApiaKa AB i H:oro cepe,AHHY M npoBe,AeHo napaJieJI:&Hi nps:Mi, m;o nepeTHHaIOT:& ,AeRKY nJiow;nHy B TO"IKax Ai.
B1 |
i M 1 • 3Haii,AiTb ,AOBmHHY Bi,ApiaKa MMi. .HKm;o Bi,ApiaoK AB |
He |
nepeTHHae nJIOIIl;HHY i KOJIH: 1) AA1 = 7 M, BB1 = 5 M; |
2) AA1 = 3,6 ,AM, BB1 = 4,8 ,AM; 3) AA1 = 8,3 CM, BB1 = 4,1 CM;
4) AA1 =a, BB1 = b.
6.Ilpm.ri a Ta b He JiemaTb B O,AHHi IlJIOIIl;HHi. qH MomHa npouecTH npaMy c, napaJieJI:&Hy npRMHM a Tab?
7.,D;aHo TpHKYTHHK ABC. IlJiom;HHa, napaJieJI:&Ha np.HMiH: AB, nepeTHHae cTopoHy AC n;1>oro TpHKYTHHKa B To1:1n;i Ai. a cTo-
poHy BC - B To'ln;i B 1• 3Haii,AiTb ,AOBmHHY Bi,ApiaKa A1Bi. s:Kw;o: 1) AB = 15 cM, AA1 : AC = 2 : 3; 2) AB = 8 CM,
AA1 : A1C = 5 : 3; 3) B1C = 10 CM, AB : BC = 4 : 5; 4) AA1 = a,
AB= b,A1C = c.
8.,ll;oBe,AiTh, w;o KOJIH "IOTHpH npaMi, HKi npoXO,AHTb qepea TO"l-
KY A, nepeTHHaIOTb IlJIOIIl;HHY ex y BepmHHax napaJieJiorpaMa, TO BOHH nepeTHHaIOTb 6y,Ab-.flKY IIJIOm;HHY, napaJieJibHY ex, .flKa He npoxo,AHTb "lepea TO"IKY A, TaKom y uepmHHax napaJieJiorpaMa.
9. ,D;aHo TPH napaJieJILHi nJIOIIl;HHH cx1, cx2, cx3• HexaH: Xi. X2, Xa - TO"IKH .nepeTHHY IJ;HX IlJIOIIl;HH 3 ,AOBiJibHOIO npHMOIO. ,D;oBe,AiTL, m;o Bi,AHomeHHH ,AOBmHH Bi,ApiaKiB X 1X 2 : X 2X3 He aaJiemHTL Bi.A np.flMOl, T06To O,AHaKOBe ,AJI.H 6y,A:&-HKHX ,ABOX npRMHX.
10. llpHMi AB, AC i AD norrapHo rreprreHp;HR.YJISipHi. 3Haitp;iTb
Bi,ApiaoK CD, HKm;o: 1) AB = 3 cM, BC = 7 cM, AD = 1,5 cM;
2) BD = 9 CM, BC = 16 CM, AD = 5 cM; 3) AB = b, BC = a, AD = d; 4) BD = c, BC = a, AD = d.
§15. EJieMeHTH cTepeoMeTpil
11.'lJepe3n;eHTP OilHCaHoro HaBKOJl.O TpHKyrHHKa KOJia npoBe.n;eHO npsMy, nepneH,ZJ;HKYJIHPHY .n;o IlJIOID;HHH TpHKyrHHKa. ,D;oBe-
.n;iTL, m;o Ko:>fCHa TO'IKa n;iei: npHMOl piBHOBi.n;.n;aneHa Bi.n; Bep-
mHH TpHKYTHHKa.
12. 'lJepea BepmHHY A npHMOKYTHHKa ABCD npoBe.n;eHo npsMy AK, nepneH,ZJ;HKYJIHpHy 11.0 itoro nJioID;HHH. BiJJ,cTaHi Bi.n; TO'l- KH K lJ.O pemTH BepmHH npsMoKyrHHKa lJ,opiBHIOIOTL 6 M, 7 M
i 9 M. 3HaiilJ,iTL Bi.n;pi30K AK.
13.'lJepea TO'IKHA i B npoBe.n;eHo npsMi, nepneH,ZJ;HKYJIHpHi 11.0 nJIOID;HHH ex, HKi nepeTHHalOTL 11 Bi.n;noBi.n;Ho B TO'IKaxC i D.
3Hait.n;iTL Bi.n;cTaHL Mim TO'IKaMHA i B, HKID;O AC = 3 M, BD =
= 2 M, CD= 2,4 Mi Bi.n;piaoK AB He nepeTHHae nJIOID;HHY ex.
14.BepxHi KiHn;i ,Zl;BOX BepTHKaJILHHX CTOBiliB, HKi 3HaXO,ZJ;HTLCH Ha Bi.n;cTaHi 3,4 M o.n;HH Bi.n; o.n;Horo, a'e.n;HaHononepe'IKOJO. BH-
coTa O,D;HOro CTOBna 5,BM, a .zi;pyroro - 3,9M. 3Hait.zi;iTL ,ZJ;OBmHHY nonepe'IKH.
15.To'IKaA 3Haxo.n;HTLCH Ha Bi.n;cTaHi a Bi.n; BepmHH piBHOCTopoHHLoro TpHKYTHHKa ai CTOpOHOlO a. 3Hali.n;iTL Bi,ZJ;CTaHL Bi.n; TO'l- KH A .n;o nJIOIIJ;HHH TpHKyrHHKa.
16.Bi.n;cTaHi Bi.n; TO'IKH A .n;o BepmHH KBa,ZJ;paTa .n;opiBHlOJOTL a. 3Hait.n;iTL Bi,ZJ;CTaHL Bi.n; TO'IKHA .n;o IlJIOID;HHH KBa,ZJ;paTa, HKID;O CTOPOHa KBa,ZJ;paTa .n;opiBHlOe b.
17.3 TO'IOKA i B, HKi JiemaTL Ha rpaHsx ,n;BorpaHHoro KyTa,
onym;eHo nepneH,ZJ;HKYJIHpH AA1 i BB1 Ha pe6po KyTa. 3Hali-
.n;iTL: 1) .n;oBmHHY Bi.n;piaKa AB, HKID;O AA1 = a, BB1 = b, A1B1 = c i .n;BorpaHHHii KYT .n;opiBHlOe ex; 2) ,ZJ;BOrpaHHHH Kyr ex, HKID;O
AA1 = 3, BB1 = 4, A1B 1 = 6, AB= 7.
18. y npHMiH TpHKYTHiH npH3Mi CTOpOHH OCHOBH .n;opiBHlOlOTL 10 CM, 1 7 CM i 21 CM, a BHCOTa npH3MH 18 CM. 3Ha:H.n;iTL nJio- m;y nepepiay, npoBelJ,eHoro qepea 6i'IHepe6po i MeHmy BHCOTY OCHOBH.
19. y npaBHJILHiii 'IOTHpHKyrHiit'npH3Mi IlJIOID;a OCHOBH 144 CM2 , a BHCOTa 14 CM. 3Hali.n;iTL lJ,iaroHaJIL npH3MH.
npsMiH TpHKYTHiH npH3Mi Bci pe6pa piBHi. Bi'IHanoBepxHs
.n;opiBHlOe 12 M2 • 3Ha:H.n;iTL BHCOTY.
21. 3a CTOpOHOlO OCHOBH a i 6i'IHHMpe6pOM b 3Ha:H.n;iTL IlOBHY noBepXHlO npaBHJILHOl npH3MH: 1) TpHKYTHoi:; 2) 'IOTHPHKyrHoi:; 3) mecTHKYTHOL '
22.Y napaneJieninelJ,i TPH rpaHi MalOTL nJiom;i 1 M2 , 2 M2 i 3 M2 • 'lJoMy.n;opiBHlOe noBHa noBepxHH napaneJienine.n;a?
23.y npHMOMY napaJieJienine.n;i CTOpOHH OCHOBH 3 CM i 5 CM, a O,ZJ;Ha 3 .n;iarOHaJieH OCHOBH 4 CM. 3Hali.n;iTb 6iJILmy .n;iarOHaJib napaneJienine.n;a, 3HalO'IH, m;o MeHma .n;iaroHaJib yTBopioe a IlJIOID;HHOlO OCHOBH KYT 60°.
24.3Ha:H.n;iTL ,Zl;iaroHaJii npsMoro napaJieJienine.n;a, KOmHe pe6po HKOro .n;opi BHlOe a, a O,Zl;Hli 3 KyTiB OCHOBH .n;opiBHIOe 60°.
9 KJiac |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
224 |
|
25. |
3Hait,ZJ;iTL rroBepxHio rrpsMOKyrHoro rrapa.11enerrirre,ZJ;a aa TpLoMa |
||||||||
26. |
iioro BHMipaMH: 10 CM, 22 CM i 16 CM. |
|
|
|
|
||||
,ll;iaroHaJii TpLox rpaaeit rrpsMOKyrHoro rrapanenerrirre,ZJ;a, HKi |
|||||||||
|
CXO,ZJ;HTLCH B O,ZJ;Hiit BepmHHi, ,ZJ;OpiBHIOIOTL a, b, c. 3aii,ZJ;iTL Jii- |
||||||||
|
HiHHi BHMipH rrapanenerrirre,ZJ;a. |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
27. |
OcHoBa rripaMi,ZJ;H - rrpsMOKy>rHHK ai cTopoHaMH 6 CM i |
8 CM. |
|||||||
|
KomHe 6i•rne pe6po rripaMi,ZJ;H ,ZJ;opiBHIOe 13 CM. 06•mcJiiTL BH- |
||||||||
28. |
coTy rripaMi,ZJ;H. |
rrapanenorpaM, CTOPOHH HKOro 3 CM i |
7 CM, |
||||||
OcHOBa rripaMi,ZJ;H - |
|||||||||
|
a O,ZJ;Ha 3 ,ZJ;iaroHaJieit 6 CM; BHCOTa rripaMi,ZJ;H npoXO,ZJ;HTL 'lepea |
||||||||
|
TO'IKYnepeTHHy ,ZJ;iarOHaJieH i ,ZJ;opiBHIOe 4 CM. 3uait,ZJ;iTL |
6i•rne |
|||||||
|
pe6po nipaMi,ZJ;H. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29. |
y |
'IOTHPHKYTHiH apiaaHiH nipaMi,ZJ;i |
CTOpOHH O,ZJ;Hie'i OCHOBH |
||||||
|
,ZJ;opiBHIOIOTL 6 CM, |
7 CM, |
8 CM i 9 CM, |
a |
MeHma CTOpoHa ,ZJ;py- |
||||
|
ro'i OCHOBH ,ZJ;OpiBHIOe 5 |
CM. |
3Haii,ZJ;iTL |
pemTy |
CTopiH |
n;ie'i |
|||
|
OCHOBH. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30. BHcoTa nipaMi,ZJ;H |
,ZJ;opiBHIOe 16 |
M. IInom;a ocHOBH ,ZJ;opiBHIOe |
|||||||
|
512 M2• Ha HKiH Bi,ZJ;CTaHi Bi~ OCHOBH 3HaXO,ZJ;HTLCH nepepia, |
||||||||
31. |
rrapaneJILHHH rn, s:Km;o nnom;a rrepepiay 50 M2? |
|
|
||||||
3a |
,ZJ;aHOIO CTOPOHOIO OCHOBH a |
i 6i'IHHM pe6pO¥ |
b 3Hai:i:,ZJ;iTL |
BHCOTY npaBHJILHOl nipaMi,ZJ;H: 1) TPHKYTHo'i;2) 'IOTHpHKyrHo1;
3) meCTHKYTHOL
32.BHcoTa npaBHJILHo1 'IOTHpHKYTHO'iapiaaao1 nipaMi,ZJ;H ,ZJ;opiBHIOe 4 CM. CTOpOHH OCHOB ,ZJ;opiBHIOIOTL 2 CM i 8 CM. 3HaH,ZJ;iTL IIJIO- m;i ,ZJ;iaroHaJILHHX rrepepiaiB.
33.TpH JiaTyHHHX Ky6H a pe6paMH 3 CM, 4 CM i 5 CM rrepenJiaBJieHO B O,ZJ;HH Ky6. .HKe pe6po n;Loro Ky6a?
34. .HKm;o KOmHe pe6po Ky6a a6iJILIDHTH Ha 1 M, TO H:oro o6'eM a6iJILIDHTLCH y 125 paa. 3HaH,ZJ;iTL pe6po.
35.BHMipH npHMOKYTHOro 6pycKa 3 CM, 4 CM i 5 CM. 51Km;o
a6iJILWHTH KOmHe pe6po Ha x CaHTHMeTpiB, TO IIOBepXHH 6pycKa a6iJILIDHTLCH Ha 54 cM2 • .HK a6iJILIDHTLCH iioro 06'eM?
36.y npHMOMY napaJieJienine,ZJ;i CTOPOHH OCHOBH 2 .J2 CM i 5 CM yTBopIOIOTL Kyr 45°. MeHma ,ZJ;iaroHaJIL napanenerrine,ZJ;a ,ZJ;opiB-
HIOe 7 CM. 3HaH,ZJ;iTL itoro o6'eM. |
poM6, nnom;a sKoro 1 M2 • |
37. OcHoBa rrpsMoro rrapanenerrine,ZJ;a - |
|
IInom;i ,ZJ;iaroHaJILHHX rrepepiaiB 3 |
M i 6 M2 • 3Haii,ZJ;iTL o6'eM |
rrapanenerrine,ZJ;a. |
|
38.3a CTOpOHOIO OCHOBH a i 6i'IHHMpe6poM b aHait,ZJ;iTL o6'eMrrpaBHJILHOl rrpH3MH: 1) TPHKyrHo'i;2) 'IOTHpHKyrHol;3) mecTHKYTHol.
39.,ll;iaroHaJIL rrpaBHJILHOl 'IOTHpHKy>rHOlIIpH3MH ,ZJ;OpiBHIOe 3,5 CM, a ,ZJ;iaroHaJIL 6i'IHO'irpaHi 2,5 CM. 3HaH,ZJ;iTL o6'eMnpH3MH.
40.Ilepepia 3aJii3HWIHOro HaCHIIY Mae <t>opMy Tpanen;il, HHmHH OCHOBa HKOl 14 M, a BepXHH 8 M i BHCOTa 3,2 M. 3HaH,ZJ;iTL, CKiJILKH Ky6i'IHHXMeTpiB aeMJii IIpHIIa,ZJ;ae Ha 1 KM HaCHIIy.
§ 15. EJieMeHTH CTepeoNeTpii |
225 |
41.3a CTOPOHOIO OCHOBH a i 6i11HHM pe6poM b 3Haitp;iTb o6'eMnpaBHJibHOl nipaMi,n:H: 1) TPHKyTHOl; 2) 'IOTHpHKyTHOi:;3) mecTHKyTHOL
42.Bit1Hi pe6pa TpHKyTHOl nipaMi,n:H BaaeMHo nepneH,ll;HKYJIHPHi i KmKHe ,n:opiBHIOe b. 3mm,n:iTb o6'eMnipaMi,n:H.
43.3Hd:,n:iTb o6'eMapiaaHOl nipaMi,ll;H 3 nJiom;aMH OCHOB Q1 i Q2 (Q1>Q2) i BHCOTOIO h.
44.qepea cepep;HHY BHCOTH nipaMi,ll;H npoBep;eHO llJIOID;HHy, napaJieJibHY OCHOBi. B .HKOMY Bi,z:i;HomeHHi BOHa ,z:i;iJIHTb o6'eMnipaMi,z:i;H?
45.Pa,z:i;iyc OCHOBH D;HJiiH,z:i;pa 2 M, BHCOTa 3 M. 3Ha:A,z:i;iTb ,z:i;iarOHaJib oc1>0Boro nepepiay.
46.BHCOTa D;HJiiH,z:i;pa 6 CM, pap;iyc OCHOBH 5 CM. 3Ha:A,ll;iTb nJiom;y
nepepiay, npoBe,n:eHoro napaneJibHO oci D;HJiiH,z:i;pa Ha Bip;cTaHi 4 CM Bi,IJ; HeL
47.Pa,z:i;iyc OCHOBH KOHyca 3M, BHCOTa 4 M. 3Ha:it,IJ;iTb TBipHy.
48.Pa,z:i;iyc ocHOBH KoHyca R. OcbOBHM nepepiaoM e np.HMOKYTHHH TpHKyTHHK. 3HaH:,z:i;iTb :itoro IIJiom;y.
49.KoHyc nepeTHyTO nJiom;HHOIO, napaneJibHOIO ocHoBi, Ha Bi,IJ;cTaHi d Bi,11; BepmHHH. 3Haii,z:i;iTb IIJiom;y nepepiay, .HKID;O pa,z:i;iyc ocHOBH KoHyca R, a BHCOTa H.
50.BHcoTa KoHyca H. Ha HKiii Bi,z:i;cTaHi Bi,z:i; BepmHHH Tpe6a npoBecTH IlJIOID;HHy, napaJieJibHY OCHOBi, m;o6 IIJiom;a nepepiay ,z:i;o- piBHIOBaJia IlOJIOBHHi nJiom;i OCHOBH?
51.Pa,z:i;iycH OCHOB apiaaHoro KOHyca 3 M i 6 M, BHCOTa 4 M. 3Haii- ,z:i;iTb TBipHy.
52.Pa,z:i;iycH OCHOB apiaaHoro KOHyca 3 ,ll;M i 7 )J;M, TBipHa 5 ,IJ;M. 3HaH:.n:iTb nJiom;y oc1>0Boro nepepiay.
53.KyJIIO pa,z:i;iyca R BIIHcaHo y apiaaHHii KoHyc. KyT HaXHJIY TBipHo'i.n:o IIJIOID;HHH HHmHbOl OCHOBH KOHyca ,z:i;opiBHIOe a. 3Hait-
.n:iTb pa,z:i;iycH OCHOB i TBipHy apiaaHoro KOHyca.
Bi,llnoei,lli Ta BKaaiBKH 'AO38'A8'1 |
227 |
3) |
45°, 60°, 75°; 4) 48°, 60°, 72°; 5) 50°, 60°, 70~ 20. He Mome. 21. He |
|||||||||||||||
Mome. 22. |
1) |
100°; |
2) |
70°; |
3) 36°. |
23. |
1) |
50°; |
2) |
30°; |
3) |
75°. |
24. |
40°, |
||
40°. 25. |
70° i |
40° a6o |
55° i |
55°. 27. 1) 80°, 80°, |
20°; |
2) 70°, |
70°, 40°; |
|||||||||
3) |
,D;Ba |
KYTH |
p;opiBHIOIOTL |
120°-fa i O,!l;HH |
fa -60°. |
29. |
1) 105°; |
|||||||||
2) |
180° - t (a+ P); |
3) 155°; 4) goo+ tY· 31. |
go0 • 32. 110°, 35°, 35°. |
|||||||||||||
33. 60°, 30° i |
go0 • 34. |
110°. 36. To11Ka A. 38. 60°. 39. L D = |
t LA, |
LE= t LC, L DBE= LB+ t (LA+ LC). 40. 140°, 10°. 41. 1) 20°;
2) 65°; 3) a. 42. |
KyTH !J.. ABD: L A = a, L D = goo, L B = goo - |
a; |
KYTH !J.. CBD: L D = 90°, LB = a+ ~ - 90°, LC = 180° - a - |
~- |
|
44. go0 , 45°, 45°. |
45. LD = go0 , LB= 60°, LA= 30°. 46. 150°. 47. go0 • |
§ 5.
1. BK a 3 i BK a. B~KJI~TL Ha npoMeHi B~piaoK, ~o p;opiBHIOE: pap;iy-
•cy. 2 . .ZJ;HB. 33.11,a11y 1. 5. 1) 60°; 2) 120°. 7. He Mome. 9. 30°. 10. 60° i
120°. 11. 70 CM, 10 CM. 12. He MO>KYTL. 13. 1) He MO>KyTL; 2) He MOmyTL. 14. 2) B K a 3 i B K a. CKopHcTaATecL p;ouep;eHHJIM B~ cynpoTHBHoro. 15. 2) BK a 3 i BK a. CKopncTMTeCL p;ouep;eHHSIM B~ cynpoTHBHoro;
3) BK a 3 i BK a. .ZJ;oue,D;iTL cno11aTKY'~o cniJILHa TO'IKa,D;aHHX Kin Jie- >KHTL Ha npaMiA, JIKa npoxop;HTL 11epe3 'ix ~eHTpH. 16. 2) B K a 3 i B K a. CKopHcTaftrecL p;ouep;eHHJIM B~ cynpoTHBHoro. 18. B K a 3 i B K a. CKopHcTaATecL TBepp;meHHJIM 33.11,a11i 16, 1). 28. BK a 3 i BK a. llo11HiTL 3 no6yp;oBH piBHOCTopoHHLoro TpHKYTHHKa. 32. BK a 3 i BK a. Y wyKaHoMy TPHKYTHHKY npop;oBmiTL Mep;iaHy aa li ,D;OB>KHHY. 36. B K a 3 i B -
Ka. .ZJ;uu. |
33.11,a11y |
35. 37. BK a 3 i BK a• .ZJ;HB. 3ap;a11y |
35. 38. BK a 3 i B - |
||
K a. .ZJ;HB. |
33.11,a'Iy 35. |
39. |
BK a 3 i BK a. Ilo'IHiTL3 |
no6y,D;OBH BHCOTH. |
|
41 . .ZJ;HB. |
3ap;a11y |
50 § |
4. |
42. .ZJ;HB. 3ap;a11y 41. 46. |
BK a 3 i BK a. Ilo- |
6yp;yATe _cno11aTKY TpHKYTHHK, y JIKOro O,D;Ha CTOpOHa ,D;opiBHIO€ p;aai:A CTOpoHi myKaHoro TpHKYTHHKa, p;pyra CTOpoHa - cyMi ,!l;BOX iHWHX Aoro cropiH i KYT Mim HHMH p;opiBHIOE: p;aaoM:y KYTY· 47. BK a 3 i BK a. CKopHcTaATecL BKa3iBKOIO 11,0 nonepe11,aLo'i3ap;a11i 3 TieIO piaHH~eIO, ~o 3aMiCTL CYMH ,!l;BOX cropiH myKaHoro TpHKYTHHKa Tpe6a B3JITH lX pia- HH~IO. 48. .ZJ;HB. BKa3iBKY ,!l;O 3ap;a11i 46. 50. BK a 3 i BK a. 3uep;iTL
po3u'a3yuaaHJ13ap;a'Iip;o nonepe11,Hw'i,no6yp;yuaumH 11,onoMimae Kono, KOH~eHTPH'IHe 011,HOMY 3 ,D;aHHX, JIKe Mae pa.11,iyc, ~o p;opiBHIO€ cyMf
a6o piaHH~i pap;iyciB ,D;aHHX Kin.
§6.
3.Tpu. 4. 10 M:. 5. 3 CM i 4 CM. 7. BC =AD= 4,8 M. 8.AD = 15 CM, CD= 10 CM. 9. LB= L D = 150°, L c = 30°. 10. 3 CM. 11. 40°, 140°, 140°. 12. 115° i 65°. 13. He MO>KYTL. 14. 60°, 60°, 120°, 120°. 15. 1) 40°, 40°, 140°, 140°; 2) 50°, 50°, 130°, 130°; 3) 80°, 80°, 100°, 100°. 16.1) 55°,
55°' |
125°' |
125°; |
2) |
35°' |
35°' |
145°' |
145°; |
3) |
20°' |
20°' |
160°' |
160°. |
19. BE = g |
CM, CE = 6 CM. BK a 3 i BK a. .ZJ;ouep;iTL, |
~o !J.. ABE piBHo- |
||||||||||
6ep;peHHA 3 |
ocHoBOIO AE. 20. |
0,6 M i |
0,8 |
M. |
21. AB = |
BD = |
1,1 M, |
Bi.,a;nosi.,a;i Ta BKaaiBKH ~o a~aq |
228 |
AD= 0,8M. 28. 60cM. 29. lOcM i |
18cM. 30. 12cM, 20cM. 31. 12cM. |
32.lOCM i 25cM a6o 7,5cM i 18,75CM. 35. 80° i 100°. 37. 60° i 120°.
41.4 M. 43. 2 M. 44. 2 M. 45. 4 M, 8 M. 46. 1 M. 47. 10 CM. 50. 4 CM, 5 CM, 6cM. 51. 6cM. 52. 6cM, 5cM, 5cM. 56. 5M, 6M. 57. a+ b. 59. 3M, 4M.
61.70° i 110°. 62. l,7M. 63. 24cM, 36cM. 64. 60° i 120°. 65. 15M.
66.3cM. 67. 4M, 6M. 68. 2,2M. 69. gcM i 5cM. 70. a. 71. BKaaiBKa. IIo6y,!1;yATe cnoqaTKY TPHKYTHHK, ,ll;Bi CTOpOHH JIKoro ,ll;OpiBHIOIOTb 6iq-
HHM CTOPOHaM Tpanen;ii, a TpeTJI - piaHHD;i OCHOB. 72. BK a 3 i BK a. IIo6y,!1;yATe cnoqaTKY TPHKYTHHK, ,ll;Bi cTopoHH .11Koro ,ll;OpiBHIOIOTb Aiar0Ha.n.11M Tpanen;i'i,a TpeT.11 - cyMi 'iiocaoB. 73. IIo6y,!1;yAre cnoqaTKy
Bi,ll;piaoK x = a;. CKOpHCTaBWHCb poaB'.113KOM3a,ll;aqi 6.1.
§ 7.
2. 1) 5; 2) ..J2 "'1,4; 3) $1 "' 7,8. 3. 1) 4; 2) 12; 3) iii "'3,3. 4. 5 M a6o J7 M "'2,6 M. 5. He MO:>KYTb. 6. 1) 5 CM; 2) 17 ,ll;M; 3) 6,5 M.
7. 10g CM. 8. |
Ji. .9. He MO:>KHa. 10. J7 M "'2,6 M. |
12. |
TaK. 13. af . |
||||||||||
. |
|
II |
o |
6 |
|
.,. |
. . |
|
a + b . d |
Ja - bJ |
|||
15; BKa 31 BK a. |
|
|
YAYnTe cnoqaTKY Bl,ll;Pl3KH c = |
- |
2 |
- |
1 |
= - - . |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
To,ll;i wyKaHHA Bi,ll;piaoK |
x = ~c2 - |
d 2 • 16• |
../116 M "'10,8 M. |
18. go0 • |
|||||||||
20. BK a a i B K a. CnoJiyqiTb OAHY |
a ToqoK |
a BepWHHOIO |
TpHKYTHHKa |
Bi,ll;piaKOM i CKOpHCTaATeCb peayJibTRTOM 3a,ll;aqi 19. 22. CKOpHCTaATeCb peayJILTaToM aa,ll;aqi 21. 26. He Mome. 27. 2 M. 28. BKaaiBKa. Ilpo- ,ll;OBmiTb Me,ll;iaHy Ha iI ,ll;OB:>KHHy. 31. 2) BKaaiBKa. 3Be,ll;iTb poaB'.11ayBaHHJI n;iei 3a,ll;aqi ,ll;O nonepe,ll;HbOl Bi,ll;noBi,ll;Ho ,ll;O Ma.JIIOHKa 165, 6.
32. He MomyTb. 34. R - d, R + d. BK a a i BK a. CKopHcTaATecb aepiBHiCTIO TpHKYTHHKa. 35. d + R, d - R. B K a a i B K a. CKopHcTaATecb aepiBHicTIO TPHKYTHHKa. 36. He MO:>KYTb. 37. He MO:iKYTb. 38. BKaaiB-
K a. IIopiBH.llATe |
Bi,ll;CTaHi Mim n;eaTpaMH KiJI a ix pa,ll;iycaMH. 39. He |
|||
MomyTb. 41. BK a a i BK a. ,ll;aHi qHcJia |
3a,ll;OBOJibHJIIOTb yMoBy 3a,ll;aqi· |
|||
40. 42. 1), 3), 4) |
He Momaa; 2) Momaa. 43. CKopHcTaATecb peayJibTa- |
|||
TOM aa,ll;aqi 41. 44. |
10 cM, 6 cM. 45. 90° - |
a, a cos a, a sin a. 46. go0 - a, |
||
_a_ --!!:- . 49. 1) sin 16° = 0 2756 |
cos 16° = 0 9613· 2) sin 24°36'= |
|||
tga's1na |
' |
' |
' |
' |
=0,4163, cos 24°36'= 0,9092; 3) sin 70°32'= o,g428, cos 70°32'=
=0,3333; 4) sin 88°4g'= O,ggg8, cos 88°4g'= 0,0206. 50. 1) X = 1°;
2) |
x |
= 30°6'; 3) x = 47°3'; 4) x = 86°9'. 51. 1) tg 10° = 0,1763; |
2) |
tg |
= 40°40'= 0,8591; 3) tg 50°30'= 1,213; 4) tg 70°15'= 2, 785. |
52. 1) x = 17°53';2) x = 38°7';3) x = 80°46';4) x = 83°50'.53. 31°25';
31°25';117°10';23,8 M. 54. 34°10'i 55°50'. 55. 51°. 56. 116°16'i 63°44'. 57. 29°52'i 150°8'. 58. 12 M, 45°14'. 59. 60°16'. 60. Ji..
61. 1) a) 5; 36°52';53°8';6) 41; 12°41';77°19';B) 29; 43°36';46°24'; r) 61; 10°23';79°37';2) a) 12; 22°37';67°23';6) 24; 16°16';73°44';B) 15; 28°4';61°56';r) 13; 81°12';8°48';3) a) 70°; 0,68; 1,88; 6) 39°40';
Bi,llnosi,lli Ta BKa3iBKH AO 3ll,lla'I |
229 |
3,08; 2,55; B) 19°24'; 7,55; 2,66; r) 13°39'; 15,55; 3, 78; 4) a) 59°33'; 5,92; 5,10; 6) 49°12'; 7,65; 5,79; B) 29°25'; 8,04; 3,95; r) 22°; 9,71;
3,64. 62. 1) cos2cx; 2) sin2a; 3) 2; |
4) sin3a; 7) 1; 8) sin2a; 9) 1 + tg6a. |
|||||
63 1) sin a= 11 |
tg a= 11. 2) sin a= Jl tg a= Jl · 3) sin a= |
|||||
• |
13 |
' |
5 ' |
17 ' |
15 ' |
|
= 0,8, tg a = |
f. |
64. |
1) cos a = f, tg a = ! ; 2) cos a = ; 1 , |
tg a = |
||
= ~o ; 3) cos a = 0,6, |
tg a = f. |
66. af . 67. |
r= ja , R = ja· |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
68. 29 CM a6o |
./882 CM "'29, 7 CM. |
69. ( J3 - 1) M "'0, 732 M, |
~1 "' |
|||
"'0,517 M. 70. 60° i 120°. 71. 60°, 60°, 120°, 120°. |
72. 1), 6) a; |
2), 3), |
||||
4), 5) ~. 73. BC. 74. L A. |
|
|
|
§8.
3.2. 4. 3. 5. (2; 0). 6. (O; 3). 7. Ilp.HMa, napaJieJILHa oci y. 8. ,lJ;Bi
np.11Mi x = 3 i x = -3. 10. ,lJ;o~aTHy. 11. 4; 3. 12. 1) (3; 2); 2) (-1; 3);
3)(l; 1). 13. 1) (-2; 3); 2) (3; -5); 3) (-4.: 4). 16. (O; 1), (-2; 0), (-2; 1).
17.AB= 5, AC= 10, BC= 5. 18. To"IKa B. 20. (3; 3) i (15; 15).
23. (3; 4), (-4; 3), (0; 5). 24. (5; 12) i (5; |
-12); (5; -12) i (-5; -12). |
||||||||||
25. |
x 2 |
+ (y - 3)2 |
= 13. |
26. (x + |
4)2 + (y |
- |
3)2 = 25. |
27. (-2; 0) a6o |
|||
(4; 0). |
28. (x-1)2 |
+ (y-2)2 = 4. 29. (x+3)2 |
+ (y-4)2 = |
25. 31. (O; 1) i |
|||||||
(-f; -!)· 32. (7; 0) i |
(1; 0). 36. 1) x + y - |
|
5 = |
O; 2) 3x + 10y - 2 = |
0; |
||||||
3) x + 6y + 13 = 0. |
37. x = 0, y = 0, x + |
2y - |
4 = 0. |
38. a = b = |
! . |
||||||
39. |
1) (-3; 0) i (o; -~); 2) (4; 0) i |
(O; 3); 3) (-2; 0) i (O; |
3); 4) (2,5; 0) i |
||||||||
(O; |
-5). 40. 1) (l; -2); |
2) (2; 4); |
3) (0,5; |
-2). |
41. BK a 3 i BK a. 3HaA- |
~iTL TO"IKY nepeTHHY ~BOX np.RMHX i nepeBipTe, "IH Jie:>KHTh BOHa Ha Tpe-
TiA np.HMiA. 42. (2; t). 43. 1) i 6), 2) i 3), 4) i 5). 45. x |
= 2. 46. y = 3. |
||||||||
47. |
3x - 2y = 0. |
48. 1) k = -t; 2) k |
= |
-! ; 3) k = |
! ; |
4) k = 2. |
|||
49. |
1) 45°; |
2) 60°; |
3) 30°. |
50. 2) (0; 1) i |
(-1; O); 3) (0; 1) i |
(-f; -f); |
|||
4) (0; 1) i |
(--P-: l 2- k |
2 |
)· 51. Ilp.HMa ~OTHKaE:ThC.H~o KOJia, KOJIH c = |
||||||
|
|
k +1 |
k +1 |
|
|
He nepeTHHae npH c > J2 . |
|||
= ± J2 , nepeTHHae Aoro, KOJIH Ic I< J2 i |
|||||||||
BK a 3 i BK a. Ilp.HMa, .HKa |
~OTHKaE:TLC.H |
~o |
KOJia i Mae |
3 HHM E:~HHY |
cniJILHY ToqKy, T06To KOpeHi Bi~noBi~Horo KB~paTHOro piBH.HHH.H Ma-
IOTL a6iraTHC.H. |
52 |
' |
sin 120° = ./3. |
cos 120° = -1.. |
tg 120° = - |
'3 ·, |
|
sin 135° = Ji; |
|
|
2 ' |
2 ' |
|
...,., |
|
cos 135° = |
--J2"; |
tg 135° = -1; |
sin 150° = |
t; |