- •Методичні рекомендації до вивчення фахової термінології з метрології для студентів освітньо- кваліфікаційного рівня бакалавра
- •Передмова
- •Section 1 concepts of measurement
- •Metrology and its types
- •Importance of metrology and its aims
- •Metrology at work
- •Skills, training, and advancement
- •Methods of measurement
- •Indirect method of measurement:
- •Units of measurement
- •Certification
- •Standards
- •Text 9
- •Sensitivity
- •Vernier scale
- •Errors in measurements
- •Measurement uncertainty
- •Uncertainty evaluation
- •Section 2 history of measurements
- •Egyptian cubit
- •Babylonian foot
- •Early measurements in europe
- •Ideas of international system of measurement
- •Metric system
- •British opposition
- •Necessity of timekeeping
- •Calendars
- •Mechanical clocks
- •Longtitude and absolute time
- •Clocks and wristwatches
- •First weight standards
- •Weighing
- •The kilogram
- •Technical terms
- •Додаток Physical Quantities and its unit
- •Metric convertion chart
- •Список літератури
- •Generalized Measurement system
Metric convertion chart
English to Metric
English Metric
Inch (in) x 2.54 = centimeters
Foot (ft) x 30.48 = centimeters
Yard (yd) x 91.44 = centimeters
Mile (mi) x 1.609 = kilometers
Mile (INM) x 1.852=kilometres
Square inch (in2) x 6.54 = square centimeters
Square foot (ft2) x 929 = square centimeters
Square yard (yd2) x 0.836 = square meters
Acre x 0.405 = hectares
Cubic foot (ft3) x 0.028 = cubic meters
Cord (cd) x 3.624 = cubic meters
Quart (lq) (qt) x 1.14 = liters
Gallon (gal) x 4.564 = liters
Ounce (avdp) (oz) x 28.35 = grams
Pound (avdp) (lb) x 453.59 = kilograms
Horsepower (hp) x 0.7 = kilowatts
Metric to English
Metric English
Centimeter (cm) x .39 = inches
Meter (m) x 3.3 = feet
Meter (m) x 1.1 = yards
Kilometer (km) x .6 = miles
Sq. centimeter (cm2) x .2 = square inches
Square meter (m2) x 10.8 = square feet
Square meter (m2) x 1.2 = square yards
Hectare (ha) x 2.5 = acres
Cubic meter (m3) x 35.3 = cubic feet
Liter (l) x 1.1 = quarts (lq)
Cubic meter (m3) x 284.2 = gallons
Gram (g) x .04 = ounces (avdp)
Kilogram (kg) x 2.2 = pounds (avdp)
Kilowatt (kW) x 1.3 = horsepower
Units of Length and Measure
Length
12 inches ........................ 1 foot
36 inches or 3 feet .............. 1 yard
1760 yards or 5280 feet .......... 1 mile
Liquid Measure
8 ounces ........................................ 1 cup
16 ounces or 2 cups ............................. 1 pint
32 ounces or 4 cups or 2 pints .................. 1 quart
64 ounces or 4 pints or 2 quarts ................ 1/2 gallon
128 ounces or 16 cups or 8 pints or 4 quarts .... 1 gallon
Temperature Conversions
From Fahrenheit to Centigrade
To convert from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Centigrade, subtract 32 degrees from the temperature and multiply by 5/9:
-
Fahrenheit
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Centigrade
-18
-12
-7
-1
4
10
16
21
27
32
38
From Centigrade to Fahrenheit
To convert from degrees Centigrade to degrees Fahrenheit, multiply the temperature by 1.8 and add 32 degrees:
-
Centigrade
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Fahrenheit
14
23
32
41
50
59
68
77
86
95
104