45. Translate the following dialogues into English. Explain the meaning of perfect and perfect continuous forms you used.

А.Здравствуй, не видел тебя целую вечность! Где ты был все это время?

В.В августе я поехал в Петербург на спортивные соревно­вания. Я только что вернулся.

А.Удачно, что я еще не ушел и ты меня застал. Почему ты не звонил?

В.Я потерял номер твоего телефона.

А.Мы не виделись с августа… Хочу тебе рассказать обо всем, что с тех пор произошло. Можешь себе предста­вить, я сломал ногу и должен был бросить футбол, так что теперь я не играю в футбол. Вместо этого я опять играю в шахматы, больше, чем раньше. Я даже получил премию на шахматном турнире в нашем институте.

В.Я рад, что ты принимал участие в институтском турни­ре. Поздравляю! Почему ты не отвечал на мои письма? Я послал тебе из Петербурга два письма.

А.Но я не получал никаких писем! Я не получал никаких вестей от тебя с тех пор, как ты уехал.

В.Ну, я должен идти. Пойдем со мной. Поговорим, пока будем идти к метро.

The passive voice

I. Determine to what object of the active constructions the subjects of the following passive sentences correspond. Analyse the forms of the verbs. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. George was invited to spend the month of August in Crome. 2. Everybody has been taught that James Watt one day went into the kitchen where cabbage was being cooked and saw the lid of the saucepan rise and fall. “Now let me think,” he murmured. Then he struck his forehead and the steam engine was discovered. 3. After a few routine questions had been asked and answered Dr. Lord leant back in his chair and smiled at his patient. 4. “We have been given to understand that some day we shall be well-to-do. Our conduct has naturally been influenced by that fact,” said Roddy. 5. He craned over the operator’s shoulder trying to read the words as they were being pounded on to the sheet of paper in the typewriter. 6. “Tell them that all altitudes below are being cleared and that they’ll be advised of landing instructions later,” said the controller. 7. At luncheon it was noticed that the sisters ate a little more than usual. 8. I read in the paper a few weeks ago that Richards had been made a vice-president and director of Panamerica steel. 9. She knew where he had been heard of, spoken of, seen, but she never met him again. 10. Mary, the ideal maid, was missing! Her bed had not been slept in and the front door was found ajar – she had slipped quietly during the night. 11. “His car was closely followed by another car containing detectives in plain clothes,” said Lord Estair. 12. The letter was handed to Lord Henry on the day of his departure. 13. “I am sure her conduct is disapproved of by everybody,” said Mrs. Bright. 14. A chair was brought him from the tent. 15. We have been given some other journals to read. 16. “Their behaviour was so outrageous that we were forced to leave the house,” said the colonel.

II. Change the following sentences into the passive voice using the italicized words as the grammatical subject. Use a by-phrase where indicated.

1. They guarded the secretwell. 2. They extinguishedthe lightimmediately and then they slowly openedthe door. 3. Mrs. Hastings is sublettingthe flatat eighty pounds. (by) 4. The caretaker showedthemall over the house. (by) 5. “I am sure somebody is watching the house,” said Poirot. 6. “He has lostthe briefcase,” I repeated. 7. Do you know that Mrs. Ridgeway has offeredthe cottagefor sale? (by) 8. They knew that the authorities had entrustedhimwith similar missions in the past. 9. Finally Mr. Shaw politely bowedusout. (by) 10. When we arrived, they were still discussingthequestion. 11. Mr. Green will take care ofeverything. (by) 12. He was offended because they took no notice ofhim. 13. He was sure the pirates had hiddenthe treasureon the island. (by) 14. His parents givehimno pocket money. (by) 15. The landlady will askyouno questions. (by) 16. The discovery has arousedthe greatest interest. (by) 17. He did not giveany detailsin his report. 18. I have just senta telegrammeto them. 19. The maidservant informedhim(by) that Miss Marple was not at home. 20. The patient complains that you have allowedthe compressto get quite dry. 21. Eliza’s long absence alarmedProfessor Higgins. (by) 22. His short neck distressedMr. Barbecue-Smithin his earlier middle age (by), but then he learned that the same peculiarity had marked all the world’s great men. (by) 23. In England if you do not repeat the phrase “Lovely day, isn’t it?” at least two hundred times a day, people consideryoua bit dull. 24. He sighed so comically that this forcedmeto laugh. 25. “We are not sure,” he said into the microphone, “but we think that the fish served on board at dinner has causedthe poisoning.” (by)