- •Введение
- •Chapter 1.Family. Home Text 1. Oleg Kirillov Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Exercises
- •1. Substitutional patterns:
- •2. Fill in the form:
- •3. Translate the following into English:
- •4. Act the following conversational situations:
- •5. Answer the questions on the text:
- •6. Speak about:
- •Text 2. Oleg’s family Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the questions on text 2:
- •2. A) Say all you know about the hair, eyes, lips, eyelashes, the nose, the forehead, the figure, the mouth.
- •3. Listen to the following statements and respond them.
- •4. Agree if the statements are true to life or disagree if they are not.
- •5. Describe your group mates, let the students guess who the person is:
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. The House of an Englishman Read the text and be ready to discuss the difference between an English house and a Belarusian one.
- •Chapter 2.Meals. Shopping Text 1. Meals Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •1. Oleg’s daily meals
- •2. At the University dining room
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. Shopping in the uk Read the text and say why Marks & Spencerstore is famous all over the world.
- •Text 1. Oleg’s student life Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •1. About the University
- •2. Oleg’s studies
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. An account of a typical day
- •At oxford University
- •Read the text about Christina’s studies at Oxford University.
- •Say what new information you have gained from the text.
- •Chapter 4. Free Time. Travelling Text 1. Oleg’s free time Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •1. Oleg’s day off
- •2. Oleg’s winter and summer holidays
- •Exercises
- •6. Ask your friend:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8. Speak on the way you usually spend your day off‚ your winter and summer holidays
- •Text 2. The Kirillovs’ week-end
- •Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Study the following vocabulary before reading the text:
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. Adventure holidays at Beacon Park Read the text with a dictionary and be ready to answer the questions that follow it.
- •Text 3. Travelling Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •1. A trip by air
- •2. A trip by railway
- •3. A sea voyage
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. Economist Read the text using a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Text 3. Philologist Read the text using a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Text 4. Historian Read the text using a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Text 5. Ecologist Read the text using a dictionary and discuss the vital ecological problems this profession deals with. Study the following vocabulary before reading the text:
- •Text 1. Oleg is a teenAger Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. Leisure activities of youth
- •Text 1. Belarus Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •1. Geographical situation
- •2. Industry, agriculture, science
- •3. Political set-up
- •Exercises
- •1. Use the text to complete the sentences from the text:
- •2. Decide if the following statements are false or true:
- •3. Answer the questions on the text:
- •4. Be ready to speak about Belarus. Use information from the text as a help to your topic.
- •Text 2. Minsk
- •Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Study the following vocabulary before reading the text:
- •Exercises
- •1. Use text 2 to reproduce the sentences with the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Use the text to complete the sentences:
- •3. Decide if the following statements are true or false:
- •4. Answer the questions on text 2:
- •5. Be ready to speak about the capital of our republic. Use text 2 as a help to your topic. Text 3. Mozyr Read the text and do the exercises that follow it:
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •1. Use the text to complete the sentences from the text:
- •2. Decide if the following statements are false or true:
- •3. Answer the questions on the text:
- •Text 2. From the history of Minsk Read the text with a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it. Study the following vocabulary before reading the text:
- •Chapter 8. Great Britain. London
- •2. British industry
- •3. Political set-up
- •Exercises
- •5. Be ready to speak about Great Britain. Use text 1. As a help to your topic. Text 2. London Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Text 3. Museums of London Read the text with a dictionary and after each paragraph form a question on the main fact or information contained in it.
- •Text 4. London parks Read the text with a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Text 5. English character Read the text with a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Text 6. Customs, holidays and traditions
- •In Great Britain Read the text with a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Chapter 9. The systems of education in Belarus and Great Britain Text 1. The System of Education in Belarus Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •1. Pre-school and secondary education
- •2. Higher education
- •Exercises
- •1. Reproduce the sentences from the text using these words:
- •2. Express your agreement or disagreement.
- •3. Answer the questions on the text:
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. Teachers’ training in Belarus Read the text and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Text 3. Comprehensive education in scotland Read and translate the text with a dictionary.
- •Text 4. Higher and further education in Britain
- •Read and translate the text with a dictionary.
- •Say about the main differences in British and our higher education.
- •Study the following vocabulary before reading the text:
- •Text 5. Famous Universities of the uk Read the text with a dictionary and answer the questions that follow it.
- •1. Oxford
- •2. Cambridge
- •3. Oxbridge specific system of education
- •Chapter 10. Famous people of Belarus and Great Britain Text 1. Famous People of Belarus Read the text and answer the questions that follow it.
- •1. Literature
- •2. Theatre
- •3. Music
- •5. Sport
- •6. Space
- •Text 2. Famous Britons Read the text and answer the questions that follow it.
- •Isaac Newton (1642–1727)
- •Additional texts for reading Text 1. Who was Dr. Skaryna?
- •Text 2. Efrosinya Polotskaya Read the text with a dictionary and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Exercises
- •1. Complete the sentences using the following variants:
- •2. Arrange the items of the given outline in the order according to the text:
- •Text 3. Zhores I. Alferov Read the text with a dictionary and speak on Alferov’s youth, his discoveries and career.
- •Text 4. Isaac Newton Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Text 7. Robert Burns Read the text and do the exercises that follow it. Study the following vocabulary before reading the text:
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •1. Put questions to the words in italics:
- •2. Add 2–3 sentences to the following statements:
- •3. Make an outline of the text and be ready to speak about Darwin’s life and his theories. Содержание
3. Answer the questions on the text:
1. Is secondary education compulsory in our Republic?
2. What does the first stage consist of?
3. When does school start?
4. What is secondary school divided into?
5. What subjects do pupils study in our schools?
6. What kinds of further educational establishments are there in Belarus?
7. What departments are there at higher educational establishments? What department do you study?
4. Be ready to speak about the system of education in our republic. Use the text as a help to your topic.
Text 2. The system of education in Great Britain
Read the text and do the exercises that follow it.
Study the following vocabulary before reading the texts:
a nursery school – детский сад, ясли
an infant (junior) school – начальная школа
a grammar school – грамматическая школа
a technical (modern) school – техническая школа
a comprehensive school – объединенная школа
a public school – частная школа
to submit a thesis – защитить диссертацию
practical vocational training – профессиональное обучение
School education is provided in 3 successive stages: primary, secondary and further.
Primary education covers nursery school or classes (3 to 5), infant school (5 to 7) and junior school (7 to 11).
Free secondary education has been available to all children in Britain since 1944.
Compulsory education begins at 5 when children go to primary schools, first to infant schools and then to junior schools.
The curriculum in the junior is arranged into individual subjects: arithmetic, reading, composition and other subjects such as nature study, history, geography, singing, physical education and so on. In primary school the first lesson is the Bible study, the second – arithmetic.
Before 1965 all children took an examination at the age of 11 called “11+ examination” to determine what secondary school they should attend: modern or grammar school. In modern school pupils received a vocational (practical skills) education, while at grammar school – academic and prepared pupils for higher education. The top 20% were chosen to go to the grammar schools. Those who failed the “11+” went to secondary modern schools. Now this exam is gradually disappearing.
Secondary education starts at 11 and runs till 16–18.
In 1947 it was decided to establish comprehensive schools. Now about 80% of secondary schools are comprehensive. This type of school provides an all-round education for all children. These schools are not selective – children don’t have to pass an examination to go there. They offer a wide choice of subjects, from art and craft, woodwork and domestic science, modern languages, computer studies, etc. All pupils move to the next class automatically at the end of the year.
Many people leave school after the 5th form at the age of 16. They take their Ordinary-Level examination (O-Level) and may go to a Further Education College for practical vocational training, for example, in engineering, typing, cooking or hairdressing.
For university entrance pupils have to stay in the 6th form running for 2 years and leading to an Advanced Level exam (A-Level) in 3 or more subjects.
Most people take “A-level” when they are 18.
Parallel to the state system of secondary education which provides free education there are also fee-paying private independent schools. They are preparatory and public schools. Preparatory schools prepare children for public schools. Usual age of entry to a public school is 13 and leaving age is about 18. The schools provide general education of a very high quality. The most famous are Eton, Harrow, Marlborough and Winchester.
Further education in England is voluntary and fee-paying. It is provided at universities and colleges of further education (teachers’ training, art, technical, etc.). The candidate must be at the age of 18. Good A-level results in at least two subjects are necessary to get a place at one. Admission to further educational establishments is by interview. At Oxford and Cambridge there is an entrance exam.
A University consists of a number of faculties: theology, medicine, arts, philosophy, law, economics and others. The normal duration is 3 years at the end of which a student gets a Bachelor’s degree. A Master’s degree is awarded after a further year or 2 years study. The highest degree is Doctor’s degree awarded for research and a submission of a thesis.