1. Comprehensive questions:

• What is forensic stylistics?

• What are the main types of questioned authorship problems?

• What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative approaches?

• What is stylometry?

• How is question writing analysis accomplished?

• What does this analysis result in?

• What is author identification based on?

2. Tick the true statements and correct the false ones:

1. Forensic stylistics is the application of the science of linguistic stylistics to forensic contexts.

2. The focus of forensic stylistics is speaker identification of questioned audio.

3. Linguistic stylistics use many approaches to authorship identification.

4. Qualitative and quantitative methods are always applied separately.

5. Typical cases of questioned authorship present a questioned writing to be compared to the known reference writings of one or more candidate authors.

6. The writing style is exhibited in underlying linguistic patterns internal to the habitual language used by the author.

3. Fill in the chart and write down an abstract of the text:

Text 3

Pre-reading:

Look at the heading of the text.

What is the text about?

How can you define plagiarism?

Do you know the types of plagiarism?

Plagiarism

Plagiarism, as defined in the 1995 Random House Compact Unabridged Dictionary, is the "use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work." Within academia, plagiarism by students, professors, or researchers is considered as academic dishonesty or academic fraud and offenders are subject to academic censure, up to and including expulsion. In journalism, plagiarism is considered as a breach of journalistic ethics, and reporters caught plagiarizing typically face disciplinary measures ranging from suspension to termination.

While plagiarism in scholarship and journalism has a centuries-old history, the development of the Internet, where articles appear as electronic text, has made the physical act of copying the work of others much easier, simply by copying and pasting text from one web page to another.

There are several different kinds of plagiarism:

Type I:	Copy & Paste
Type II:	Word Switch
Type III:	Style
Type IV:	Metaphor
Type V	Idea

Plagiarism detection is the process of locating instances of plagiarism within a work or document. The widespread use of computers and the advent of the Internet has made it easier to plagiarize the work of others.

Detection can be either manual or computer-assisted. Manual detection requires substantial effort and excellent memory, and is impractical in cases where too many documents must be compared, or original documents are not available for comparison. Computer-assisted detection allows vast collections of documents to be compared to each other, making successful detection much more likely.

1. Skim the text and find:

a) the definition of plagiarism

b) the types of plagiarism

c) the definition of plagiarism detection

d) the ways of plagiarism detection