Antiepileptic and Antiparkinsonic Drugs

1. A doctor discusses with colleagues the use of new antiepileptic drug – sodium valproate. What is the mechanism of action of this drug?

*A. Inhibition of GABA-transferase activity.

B. Stimulation of GABA-transferase activity.

C. Inhibition of Ca²⁺-dependent ATP-ase activity.

D. Stimulation of Ca²⁺-dependent ATP-ase activity.

E. Inhibition of MAO.

2. A patient complains of muscles rigidity, constant tremor of hands, and slowing down of motions. In the result of examination the doctor determined the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Choose the rational drug for treatment of this patient.

*A. Levodopa.

B. Dipheninum (phenytoin).

C. Phenobarbital.

D. Sibasonum (diazepam).

E. Ethosuximide.

3. A 58-year-old male complains of Parkinson’s disease. Patient also suffers from glaucoma. What drug should be prescribed to the patient?

*A. Levodopa.

B. Phenobarbital.

C. Dipheninum.

D. Ethosuximide.

E. Cyclodolum (trihexyphenidyl).

4. Tremor and disturbances of coordination are observed in 68-year-old male. His diagnosis is Parkinson’s disease. What drug should be prescribed to the patient?

*A. Levodopa.

B. Phenobarbital.

C. Dipheninum (phenytoin).

D. Finlepsinum.

E. Ethosuximide.

5. Levodopa was prescribed to 70-year-old male, who suffers from Parkinson’s disease. In a week the condition of patient significantly improved. What is the mechanism of levodopa action?

*A. Activation of dopaminergic system.

B. Suppression of cholinergic system.

C. Braking of histaminergic system.

D. Suppression of serotoninergic system.

E. Activation of encephalinergic system.

6. Convulsions with the loss of consciousness appear periodically in 5-year-old child. The doctor has diagnosed epilepsy (grand mal). What drug should be prescribed in this case?

*A. Phenobarbital.

B. Cyclodolum (trihexyphenidyl).

C. Ethosuximide.

D. Levodopa.

E. Amizylum.

7. A patient, who suffers from grand mal with loss of consciousness, amnesia, and spontaneous outflow of urine, was treated in neurological unit. What drug should be prescribed to him?

*A. Phenobarbital.

B. Ethosuximide.

C. Clonazepam.

D. Trimethinum.

E. Levodopa.

8. A patient suffers from posttraumatic epilepsy (grand mal). What drug should be prescribed to the patient?

*A. Phenobarbital.

B. Cyclodolum.

C. Levodopa.

D. Teturamum (disulfiram).

E. Midantanum (amantadine).

9. A patient with epilepsy accepted phenobarbital in daily dose 0.4 g for a long time. Recently the attacks of epilepsy became more frequent. What is the reason of patient’s condition deterioration?

*A. Induction of microsomal hepatic enzymes.

B. Inhibition of microsomal hepatic enzymes.

C. Activation of lipolysis.

D. Activation of gluconeogenesis.

E. Inhibition of glycolysis.

10. A 42-year-old man who has been injured in a car accident is brought into the emergency room. His blood alcohol level on admission is 250 mg/dL. Hospital records show a prior hospitalization for alcohol related seizures. His wife confirms that he has been drinking heavily for 3 weeks. What treatment should be provided to the patient if he goes into withdrawal?

*A. Diazepam.

B. Pentobarbital.

C. None.

D. Phenobarbital.

E. Phenitoin.

11. A 58-year-old man came to a doctor with complains of trembling, akinesia, muscular rigidity. The doctor has diagnosed Parkinson’s disease. This patient also suffers from glaucoma. What drug is it necessary to prescribe?

*A. Levodopa.

B. Cyclodolum.

C. Atropine sulfate.

D. Scopolamini hydrobromidum.

E. Methacinum.

12. A 70-year-old man with Parkinson’s disease has been appointed a drug levodopa. In a week the condition of the patient has considerably improved. What is the mechanism of this drug action?

*A. Activation of dopamine receptors.

B. Inhibition of cholinergic receptors.

C. Inhibition of histaminic receptors.

D. Inhibition of serotoninergic receptors.

E. Activation of opiate receptors.

13. A 5-year-old child periodically experiences convulsive attacks with loss of consciousness. A doctor diagnosed epilepsy. What drug is recommended to this child?

*A. Phenobarbitalum.

B. Cyclodolum.

C. Ethosuximidum.

D. Levodopa.

E. Amizylum.

14. A drug, derivative of dipropylacetic acid, which depresses GABA-transferase, raising the content of GABA in the tissues of the brain, reduces the excitability and readiness for convulsions of motor zones of the brain, has been prescribed to a patient with epilepsy. It is applied under all forms of epilepsy. What is this drug?

*A. Sodium valproate.

B. Diazepam.

C. Tinctura Valerianae.

D. Reserpinum.

E. Sodium bromide.

15. The significant improvement of motor performance is observed in patient with Parkinson’s disease after prolonged using of drug which is transformed into dopamine in the result of decarboxilation. What drug does the patient use?

*A. Levodopa.

B. Naloxone.

C. Celecoxib.

D. Droperidol.

E. Aminazine.

16. The prescribing of levodopa to 60-year-old patient with Parkinson’s disease rapidly improves him condition. What is the mechanism of drug action?

*A. Activation of dopamine synthesis.

B. Blockade of M-cholinoceptors.

C. Stimulation of dopaminergic receptors.

D. Anticholinesterase action.

E. Stimulation of M-cholinoceptors.

17. A patient has appealed to doctor with complaints of muscles rigidity, tremor, and restraint of movements. In result of examination the doctor made diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Make correct choice of drug.

*A. Levodopa.

B. Dipheninum.

C. Phenobarbital.

D. Sibazonum.

E. Ethosuximide.

18. A patient suffers from repeating attacks of epileptic convulsions with loss of consciousness. What group of drug is used first of all for seizures elimination in this case?

*A. Tranquilizers.

B. Neuroleptics.

C. Miorelaxants.

D. Analeptics.

E. Sedative drugs.

19. A patient consulted a physician about muscle rigidity, constrained movements, permanent arm tremor. The patient was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. What drug should be administered?

*A. Levodopa.

B. Diazepam.

C. Phenytoin.

D. Phenobarbital.

E. Ethosuximide.