- •Vacuum cleaner пылесос
- •Assignment 5. Read and translate the text:
- •Assignment 7. Translate the following sentences using the Participle.
- •Assignment 5. Read and translate the text:
- •Text 2. Energy
- •Text 2а. Harnessing solar energy
- •Text 3. Atomic energy
- •Assignment 8. Fill in the blanks with prepositions:
- •Assignment 9. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words need and turn.
- •Assignment 10. Answer the following questions:
- •Тeхт 3а. Kurchatovium аnd some other new elements
- •Text 4. Lightning
- •Text 4a. Is lightning good or bad?
- •Assignment 5. Read and translate the text:
- •Text 5. Atmospheric electricity
- •Assignment 11. Fill in the blanks with prepositions.
- •Assignment 4. Read and translate the text:
- •Text 6. Magnetism
- •Notes to the text:
- •Assignment 5. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verbs.
- •Text 7. Early history of electricity
- •Notes to the text:
- •Assignment 6. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verbs.
- •Text 8. Lomonosov
- •Notes to the text:
- •Jack London
- •Assignment 4. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive:
- •Assignment 5. Read and translate the text:
- •Text 9. From the history of electricity
- •Notes to the text:
- •Assignment 4. Read and translate the text:
- •Text 10. Electric current
- •Notes to the text:
- •Assignment 7. According to the models given below form sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in Columns I, II, III, IV.
- •Assignment 4. Read and translate the text:
- •Text 11. What is heat?
- •Notes to the text:
- •In dividing the atom the man releases forces of great magnitude. These are forces that bind the central core of the atom. This central core – the nucleus – is extremely small in diameter.
- •Text 2. Peaceful uses of atomic energy
- •It is interesting to note that a 210,000 kW heat power plant consumes more than 2,000 tons of coal daily, whereas an atomic - power plant of equal capacity takes only about 800 grammes of Uranium-235.
- •Text 3. Nuclear power station
- •Text 4. Power from the atoms
- •Contents
Федеральное агентство по образованию
Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего
профессионального образования
«УФИМСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ НЕФТЯНОЙ
ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ ПОСОБИЕ
по английскому языку
для аудиторных занятий
со студентами трубопроводного факультета специальности ТЭ
Уфа 2006
Данное учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для студентов I и II курсов специальности ТЭ. Оно может быть использовано и для внеаудиторной работы, так как в конце пособия есть дополнительные тексты по Атомной энергетики.
Целью пособия является подвести студентов к самостоятельному чтению и пониманию оригинальной научно-технической литературы по специальности на английском языке. Наряду с этим, учебный материал будет способствовать развитию навыков устной речи. Руководствуясь поставленной целью тексты подобраны так, что лексика легко поддается активизации. Тексты – познавательного и научно-популярного характера – составлены на основе английских и американских источников. Они доступны для студентов II, III и IV семестров и подобраны с учетом их ограниченного знакомства с техническими дисциплинами и технической терминологией.
Составитель Варламова В.Н., ст. преподаватель
Рецензент Морозова Н.П., ст. преподаватель
© Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университет, 2006
UNIT ONE
Grammar: The Participle
Assignment 1. Remember the following words and word-combinations:
current ток
to serve служить, обслуживать
to construct строить; создавать
continuous current постоянный ток
numerous многочисленный
to contribute делать (вносить) вклад в
development развитие
application применение
to imagine представлять себе
Vacuum cleaner пылесос
refrigerator холодильник
to operate действовать, работать
device прибор, приспособление
operation работа, действие
however однако, тем не менее
to transform преобразовывать
mill завод
crane подъемный кран
to lift поднимать
object предмет, вещь
to weigh весить
to heat нагревать
furnace печь, горн
to melt плавить
to flow течь
to mention упоминать
pyrometer пирометр
to measure измерять
Assignment 2. Practice the pronunciation of the following words:
continuous, scientist, foreign, civilization, vacuum, refrigerator, machine, familiar, either … or, bicycle, electricity, laboratory, industry – industrial, mechanical, to weigh, ton, furnace, temperature, to measure.
Assignment 3. Translate the words, their derivatives into Russian and learn them.
to apply – application – appliance – applicable; electricity – electrical – electrician – electrically; to invent – invention – inventor – inventive – inventiveness; to measure – measure – measurement – measurable; to operate – operation; science – scientist – scientific – scientifically; to serve – service; to transform – transformer – transformation; to weigh – weight – weightless – weightlessness.
Assignment 4. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Participle.
1) The student is translating an article on refrigerators.
2) The student has translated an article.
3) The article is translated by the student.
4) The article is being translated by the student.
5) The student translating the article is comrade Novikov.
6) The article translated by the student is difficult.
7) The translated article is devoted to electrical furnaces.
8) Translating the article, the student used a dictionary.
9) Having translated the article, the student gave it to the teacher.
10) Having been asked to translate the article, the student translated it with great interest.
11) The article being translated is about the application of electricity.
Assignment 5. Read and translate the text:
TEXT 1. ELECTRIC CURRENT SERVES
US IN A THOUSAND WAYS
The electric current was born in the year 1800 when Volta constructed the first source of continuous current. Since that time numerous scientists and inventors, Russian and foreign, have greatly contributed to its development and practical application.
As a result, we cannot imagine modern civilization without the electric current. We can’t imagine how people could do without electric lamps, without vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, washing machines, and other electrically operated devices that are widely used today. In fact, telephones, lifts, electric trams and trains, radio and television have been made possible only owing to the electric current.
The student reading this article is certainly familiar with the important part which the electric current plays in everyday life. Prom the moment when he gets up in the morning until he goes to bed at night, he widely uses electric energy. Only when going to the University either on foot or by bicycle, he can do without electricity. In fact, it is well known that electric current is necessary for the operation of trolley-buses, trams, buses and modern trains.
During the day the student will also use some electrical devices working in the laboratory, making use of the telephone, the lift, the tram and so on. As for the evening, if he studies or reads by an electric lamp, watches television, goes to the theatre or cinema, he certainly uses electricity.
Some people are more familiar with the various applications of the electric current in their everyday life than they are with its numerous industrial applications. However, electric energy finds its most important use in industry. Take, for example, the electric motor transforming electric energy into mechanical energy. It finds wide application at every mill and factory. As for the electric crane, it can easily lift objects weighing hundreds of tons.
A good example which is illustrating an important industrial use of the electric current is the electrically heated furnace. Great masses of metal melted in such furnaces flow like water. Speaking of the melted metals, we might mention one more device using electricity, that is the electric pyrometer. The temperature of hot flowing metals can be easily measured owing to the electric pyrometer.
These are only some of the various industrial applications of the electric current serving us in a thousand ways.
Notes to the text:
1) as a result – в результате
2) to do without – обходиться без чего-либо
3) in fact – фактически, на самом деле
4) owing to – благодаря
5) to be familiar with – знать ч-л.; быть в курсе ч-л.
6) to play a part – играть роль
7) either … or – или … или
8) on foot – пешком
9) to make use of – использовать
10) and so on – и так далее
11) as for – что касается
12) in everyday life – в повседневной жизни
Assignment 6. Translate the following sentences.
1) Speaking of the electrically operated devices, one can mention the refrigerator.
2) Only when going to the University either on foot or by bicycle the student can do without electricity.
3) The first source of continuous current constructed by Volta appeared in 1800.
4) As for the electric crane, it can easily lift objects weighing hundreds of tons.
5) A good example which is illustrating an important industrial use of the electric current is the electrically heated furnace.
6) Great masses of metal melted in furnaces flow like water.
7) Speaking of the melted metals, we might mention one more device using electricity, that is the electric pyrometer.
8) The pyrometer used in industry is a device measuring temperature.
9) Being widely used in industry, electrical motors are also used in every home.
10) The problem solved helped to increase the speed of the train.