Check your Grammar!

4. Translate the following word combinations:

consumer goods industry

high quality consumer goods

labour productivity

transportation facilities

communication systems

branch factories

5. Translate paying attention to the Participles:

1. a company owned by shareholders

2. limited liability

3. labour-saving machines

4. factories far removed from the home plant

5. an oil refining centre

6. Speaking about the cities of the U.K. the first mention should be made of London, the capital of the U.K.

7. Among the crops grown on the farms are wheat, barley and oats.

8. Four fifths of the ore mined in the USA comes from the Great Lakes region.

9. Many branches of light industry are also developed, among them are the textile, food and wood-working industries.

6. Translate the following sentences in the Perfect Tense:

1. Heavy engineering and other traditional industries have experienced a certain decline.

2. In recent times regional industrial distinctions have become less clear.

3. After the World War II Britain has lost its colonies.

4. In the past few years the number of workers has increased only a few per cent, while the number of scientists and engineers in the plants has almost doubled.

5. Atomic energy has created a wide range of new industries.

6. Electronics has become a major industry.

7. Translate the sentences:

1. Farms tend to be bigger where the soil is less fertile.

2. Its agriculture provides only half the food it needs.

3. New industries are created as new discoveries are made in physics, chemistry and other sciences.

4. Industry is spreading out as there is a tendency to build factories far removed from the home plant and closer to natural resources and markets.

Conversation practice.

8. Give the answers using the text:

1. What are the chief natural resources of the USA?

2. How is the coal mined in the USA mainly used?

3. What are America’s main industries?

4. Where are most of the industrial enterprises located?

5. What are the leading exports of the USA?

6. What can you say about America’s agriculture?

9. Add the necessary words or word combinations:

1. The United States of America is rich in natural resources such as … (copper; uranium ore; oil; zinc; silver; gold; iron ore; nickel; platinum).

2. The USA is a highly industrialised country with various branches of heavy industry prevailing, namely … (mining; engineering; shipbuilding; the automobile industry; the metallurgical industry; the textile industry; the wood-working industry; the war industry).

3. A great deal of attention in American industry is devoted to … (raising labour productivity; improving the working conditions; the use of labour-saving machines; management training).

4. Mechanisation and automation lead to … (unemployment; decreasing labour productivity; raising the living standard of the working people; increasing the profits of big monopolies).

5. American industry is spreading out as there is a tendency to … (build factories and plants in big industrial centres; build factories and plants closer to markets and natural resources).

6. Good transportation facilities and rapid communications systems make it possible for America’s industry to … (introduce automation; build branch factories far removed from the home plants).

7. America’s leading exports are … (electrical machinery; gold; uranium ore; grain; oil products; textiles; ships; chemicals; iron; coal; copper).