But for… constrictions

1. Complete the following sentences using but for… construction

1. But for the nasty weather (I not to stay at home). 2. But for the taxi they (miss the train). 3. But for a foreign accent one (take him for a Russian). 4. But for the mistake in the address the letter (reach them in time). 5. But for her impatience she (be a good teacher). 6. But for his absence the meeting (not be postponed). 7. But for her smile I (not recognize her). 8. But for the late hour it (be possible to get him on the phone). 9. But for him nobody (notice the mistake). 10. But for his signature we (not believe it was his order).

2. Translate from Russian into English using but for … construction

1. Если бы не дождь, мы бы не опоздали на спектакль. 2. Если бы не его болезнь, он бы принял приглашение. 3. Я не знаю, как бы мы связались с ним, если бы не справочное бюро. 4. Если бы не этот неприятный инцидент, вечер прошел бы хорошо. 5. Почта была бы доставлена во время, если бы не снежный буран. 6. Мы бы никогда не уговорили ее участвовать в нашем проекте без его помощи. 7. Если бы не ваш совет, я бы не принял правильного решения. 8. Если бы не его беспечность (carelessness), эти важные документы не были бы потеряны. 9. Если бы не друзья, ему пришлось бы очень трудно. 10. Если бы не банковский заем (loan), мы бы не открыли свой бизнес.

Conditionals: 2 and 3

1. Underline the correct variant

1. If you phoned/had phoned yesterday, I had given/would have given you the news. 2. If you took/ have taken more exercises, you might feel/had felt better. 3. If Tim drove/had driven more carefully, he wouldn't have crashed/didn't crash. 4. If you had come/came to see the film, you would have enjoyed/had enjoyed it. 5. If I'd known/I would know it was your birthday, I would send/would have sent you a card. 6. If people helped/had helped one another more often, the world might be/was a better place. 7. If our team had scored/scored more goals, it had won/could have won. 8. If you would have worn/wore a coat, you wouldn't get/didn't get wet. 9. You would have got/got much more profit if you have done/did the market research before. 10. If he visited/had visited his friend last Sunday he would have had/would have an opportunity to help.

2 Complete the following sentences with the proper form of conditional 3 or mixed conditional using the verbs given

1. If you (come) to the theatre yesterday, you (enjoy) the play. 2. If I (visit) Athens last year, I (phone) you. 3. If only I (know) you already had tickets, I (not get) any for you. 4. If you (start) coming to the course earlier, you (could pass) the exam. 5. If I (not be) so shy at the party last Saturday, I (might make) more friends. 6. If you (not spend) so much money, I (not be) angry now. 7. I (could become) an accountant if I (be) good at math. 8. She (get) promoted last year if she (not argue) with the boss. 9. He (not get) the job, if he (not wear) a tie. 10. If I (meet) you before, my life (be) different. 11. If he (not see) the other car, there (be) a serious accident

3. Make third conditional sentences for each of the following situations. Begin with the words given

Example: I was tired. I went to bed early.

If I hadn't felt tired, I wouldn't have gone to bed early.

If I hadn't felt tired, I would have gone to bed later.

1. I didn't have enough money. I didn't take a taxi.

If………………………………………………….

2. I wasn't interested in the film. I didn't go to the cinema.

If…………………………………………………………

3. We took the wrong turning. We arrived late.

If………………………………………………

4. Romeo thought Juliet was dead. He committed suicide.

Romeo wouldn't………………………………………….

5. Oliver was punished. He asked for more food.

If Oliver………………………………………….

6. The building had weak foundations. It fell down.

The building wouldn't have……………………….

7. I didn't go downstairs. I was afraid of the dark.

I might…………………………………………

8. You didn't run fast. You didn't come first.

You could…………………………………..

9. I didn't know she was the examiner. I made a silly joke.

Had………………………………………………………..

10. She didn't have a car. She couldn't have driven there.

If she……………………………………………………..

 4. Fill each space in the following text with one suitable word

All the difference

I often wonder how my life would have (1)… different if on that particular day I (2)… walked in the other direction. Or what (3)…have happened if - in those few seconds – I (4)… walked just a little bit faster? She wouldn't (5)… been able to do what she did, say the things she said. If it (6)… not been for these shy words of greeting, I would not (7)… here now - I would probably (8)… in the same city I grew up in. It is amazing how our lives depend on the most minute details: a split-second decision which makes all the difference. (9)… I ever have found romance at all (10)… I hadn't met Francesca that day and if she (11)… decided not to walk on that path beside the trees? I couldn't possibly (12)… done what I did in my life if we (13)…not met on that bright, sunny morning. And if the sun had not (14)…shining and the birds singing, she would probably have (15)… even spoken to me.

5. Translate from Russian into English

1. Если бы ваша компания отправила нам этот заказ вчера, то утром вы бы получили товар. 2. Что бы мы сейчас делали, если бы не организовали эти переговоры с поставщиками на прошлой неделе. 3. Я уверен, что все были бы рады, если бы на прошлом заседании совета директоров мы бы обсудили этот вопрос. 4. Ты не знаешь, какое количество заказов наша фирма могла бы получить, если бы мы приняли участие в выставке-ярмарке в январе? 5. Если бы он знал, что это расстроит вас, он был бы осторожнее. 6. Если бы наш директор вовремя проконсультировался с юристом, то у нас бы не было этих проблем. 7. Если бы я знал, что вы приедете, я бы встретил вас вчера в аэропорту. 8. Мы бы выслали вам груз, если бы вы оплатили его во время. 9. Вы могли бы получить скидку (discount), если бы купили большой обьем нашей продукции.10. Если бы наш шеф не обладал таким трудолюбием, он бы не основал эту компанию много лет назад.

Wishes

1. Underline the correct variant

1. I am sunburnt. I wish I hadn't sunbathed/didn't sunbathe for so long. 2. I don't feel well. I wish I could stay/stayed at home tomorrow. 3. I'm not a good swimmer, but I wish I could swim/would swim well. 4. I wish I had/have a diploma now! 5. I wish I could see/saw you tomorrow, but it's impossible. 6. I wish Jim didn't sit/doesn't sit next to me. He's so annoying! 7. If only we had/would have some money we could take the bus. 8. I hope you enjoyed/enjoy yourselves at the dance tomorrow.

2. Complete each sentence with a suitable form of the verb given

1. I'm soaked to the skin! If only I (bring) an umbrella! 2. This pullover was really cheap. I wish I (buy) two of them! 3. I like your institute. I wish I (go) there too. 4. I must get in touch with Sue. If only I (know) her phone number! 5. This bus is really slow! I wish we (take) the train instead. 6. I'm disappointed in this camera. I wish I (not buy) it. 7. I answered three questions well. If only I (finish) the whole test! 8. I can't understand anything Marie says! I wish I (speak) French. 9. I'm hungry. If only .I (have) sandwich in my pocket. 10. Enjoy your holiday. I hope you (have) a good time. 11. This is a lovely place. I wish we (be) here before. 12. It's a pity you live so far away. If only you (live) in my street! 13. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I (dance) as well as her!

3. Complete each sentences with the correct form of the verb given. Some sentences require a negative

1. Bruce wishes he (have) more money so he could buy a new sweater. 2. I wish it (snow) now that it's Christmas. 3. I wish I (be) taller so that I could be in the basketball team. 4. I wish you (stop) watching television while I am talking to you. 5. I wish you (do) that. It annoys me. 6. I wish the holidays (come) so we could go off to the seaside. 7.I wish they (build) that block of flats right in front of our window. 8. Of course Tom wishes he (come) with us Paris, but he has to stay here and work. 9. I wish we (go) to the match on Saturday but we're visiting my uncle instead. 10. I wish you (keep) your mouth shut yesterday. Now Mary knows everything. 11. If only I (lose) all my money. Now I'm broke. 12. Peter is always late. If only he (turn up) on time for a change!

4. Choose the correct continuation for each sentence

1. I've got lots of work to do, and I'm tired, but I can't stop.

a) I wish I had taken a rest. b) I wish I could take a rest.

2. I wasn't paying attention in class, and now I can't do my homework

a) I wish I listened to my teacher. b) I wish I'd listened to my teacher.

3. Sarah painted her room green, but she doesn't like it

a) She wishes she'd painted it blue. b) She wishes she painted it blue.

4. This is a very puzzling problem!

a) I wish I'd known the answer. b) I wish I knew the answer.

5. It's really cold and miserable here in the winter.

a) I wish we lived in a warm place. b) I hope we live in a warm place.

6. I can't repair my bike because I haven't got any tools.

a) If only I would have a screwdriver. b) If only I had a screwdriver.

7. I'm worried about my basketball team. Perhaps they won't win!

a) I wish they play well. b) I hope they play well.

8. You promised not to tell anyone my secrets but you did!

a) I wish I hadn't told you. b) I wish I didn't tell you.

5. Here are some problems in brackets. How could they have been avoided? Use the words and phrases to help you write two sentences about each problem using wish and If only

play fewer computer games, keep calm, eat less, lose temper, walk more, use bins, watch less TV, use car less often, save water, let someone else drive, waste water, take more exercise, protect forest, drive carefully, recycle more paper, take rubbish home

1. (I've gained a lot of weight.)

I wish..……………………….

If only………………………..

2. (The rivers and reservoirs have dried up.)

I wish………………………………………

If only………………………………………

3. (He crashed his car.)

I wish………………..

If only……………….

4. (He had a row with his best friend.)

I wish………………………………...

If only………………………………..

5. (People drop litter in the street.)

I wish……………………………..

If only……………………………..

6. (We are cutting down too many trees.)

I wish……………………………………

If only……………………………………

7. (People use their cars when they don't need to.)

I wish…………………………………………….

If only…………………………………………….

8. (Children don't read enough nowadays.)

I wish…………………………………….

If only…………………………………….

6. Translate from Russian into English

1. Жаль, что вы не слышали отчет министра финансов. Если бы вы его слышали, вы бы знали почему в нашей стране такая высокая инфляция. 2. Если бы только мы получили хороший заказ, то смогли бы сразу же рассчитаться с кредиторами.3. Жаль, что мы сразу же не обсудили этот вопрос с менеджером. 4. Я теперь жалею, что не послушал его совета. 5. Жаль, что вы отказались принять участие в выставке. 6. Если бы он был свободен сейчас! 7. В нашей компании сложилась сложная финансовая ситуация. Хорошо бы вы сообщили об этом нашим должникам. 8. Жаль, что вы не видели нашу последнюю коллекцию одежды. 9. Ах, если бы вы сказали об этом вчера! Ситуацию можно было бы изменить. 10. Если бы на прошлой неделе у меня было больше времени, я бы выполнил вашу просьбу.