The International Federation of Journalists
The International Federation of Journalists, first adopted in 1954, provides a code of ethics adopted by all national representative organisations in Europe. Therefore, the IFJ Code of Conduct provides the basis for a common understanding on ethical issues through voluntary adoption of journalists and publishers.
There are general principles of journalist’s ethics:
Respect for thruth and for the right of the public.
The journalist sall use only fair methods to get news.
The journalist sall observe professional secrecy regarding the source of information.
Press freedom (diversity of opinion).
The journalist shall regard as grave professional offences plagiarism, slander, unfounded accusations.
For example, if speech about epidemics, he must non keep quiet. This principles more important for all journalists.
The present version of the Code was adopted in 1996.
2. Online journalism
Online journalism is defined as the reporting of facts produced and distributed via Internet. An early leader as The News & Observer in Raleigh. The irst news site originated in 1990s as “NandO Land”. The Online News Association is the premier organisation representing journalists.
Today many news organisations distribute news online. Online journalism differ from trsditional journalism. This type of journalism can be published in real-time, updating news and events as they happen. It also takes advantage of shifted time. Publications can archive artcles now or later, just as filn, print. Other significant tools of online journalism are Internet forums, discussion boards and chats, Internet radio and Prodcasts.
Today Internet play very important part in peoples life, therefore online journalism evolving quickly.
3. Work of a literary Editor
Most newcomers to the field of editing know only that they want to edit – to read manuscripts and make changes or corrections. Often they don’t consider editing for a specific type of company. In order to be happy in an editing position, it is important that those interested in editing understand the qualities needed and the responsibilities of the different opportunities available – such as small magazine and book publishing. The skills required for editor are confidence in journalism, an understanding of the magazine’s target market, and imagination.
The other two skills are the ability to develop relationships with various writers and the ability to edit a manuscript so that it “meets the readers’ interest without crushing the writer’s style”. Unlike magazine editors, literary editors are not required to be good writers; but every literary editor does a considerable amount of writing in the course of making manuscripts work.
The responsibilities involved in literary-editing include correcting errors in typing, fact, and grammar; improving non correctly sentences and paragraphs; styling. This means that editors provide information to the designers such as publishing facts and format specifications, and review page layouts for editorial errors. Another important aspect of literary editing is also to be aware of the competition, to keep up with the modern trend and style of books. This is important for the publishing company to thrive and to attract authors. Becoming an editorial intern at a small magazine or book publishing house provides invaluable experience.