1. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них инфинитив. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. But efforts to get agreement on the package of reforms proved difficult .

2. To stay in the tobacco market is not an easy task for Russian manufacturers .

3. To analyze the labour market , an economist should first explain how people allocate their time to production .

4. The Swiss National Bank was the first to express doubts about a policy which concentrated too much on the supply of credit.

2. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на объектные и субъектные инфинитивные обороты (сложное дополнение и сложное подлежащее).

1. As the prices of fuels rise , we expect their production to expand .

2. Goods which are close substitutes for one another are said to be in competitive demand .

3. When market conditions change , economists expect the price for land to vary .

4. The capitalist system is said to be based upon the principle of competition.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и ParticipleIi. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастий.

1. The actual price of labour power – the actual wages paid is influenced by supply and demand.

2. Today, almost 54 percent of all women of working age are employed.

3. But these precious metals were in short supply , having been sent abroad, to pay for imports.

4. The cognition of economic laws is not an aim in itself; when recognized laws are applied in practice.

4. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод причастных оборотов.

1. The level of interest rates generally soaring , the average rate has increased during past decade.

2. Under perfect competition there would be no advertising of a competitive kind, the products of all producers of a commodity considered homogeneous in these conditions.

3. With the inflation growing, the people’s purchasing power has declined.

4. Putting demand and supply together, we can determine equilibrium prices and quantities in different markets.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните герундий. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции герундия.

1. Most Western countries have experienced a sharp slowing in the rate of population growth in recent years .

2. The rapid progress of those countries can be achieved without bettering the development of highly advanced states.

3. Speculating in commodities is done primarily at a commodity exchange, and there are a dozen such exchanges in the U.S.

6. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на значение существительного means и глагола to mean.

1. Some economists believe incomes policy to be a good temporary means of keeping inflation under control.

2. With loans, indexation means that the amount to be repaired will rise with the price level.

3. Profit maximization is achieved by means of minimization of cots.

4. Compensation at certain intervals means that real wages are changing during these intervals.