- •Раздел: Календарно-тематический план тема 3
- •Vocabulary: Travelling. Foreign countries and cities.
- •Содержание темы
- •Раздел: Учебно-методические материалы
- •Grammar
- •1. The bare infinitive and the to-infinitive
- •1.2 The infinitive without to is used
- •2. Forms of the infinitive:
- •3. Functions:
- •4. Structures
- •4.1 Complex object.
- •4.2 Complex subject.
- •5. The Gerund
- •5.4 Prefer
- •6. Participle I and Participle II are used:
- •Gerund and infinitive
- •Vocabulary
- •Outdoor activities: hiking, camping, rock climbing, hunting, jogging
- •Раздел: Задания для самостоятельной работы Grammar
- •Vocabulary
- •Choose the most suitable word.
- •3. Choose the most suitable word underlined in each sentence.
- •5. Choose the most suitable word in each sentence.
- •6. Find the right word.
- •7. Match the words with the comments given:
- •8. Complete the compound words in the sentences:
- •9. Choose the most suitable word.
- •10. Choose the most suitable word to fill in each space.
- •Text The mysterious Moon
- •Answer the questions to text:
2. Forms of the infinitive:
|
active |
passive |
1. present infinitive |
(not) (to) read |
(not) (to) be read |
2. present progressive infinitive |
(not) (to) be reading |
----- |
3. perfect/past infinitive |
(not) (to) have read |
(not) (to) have been read |
4. perfect/past progressive infinitive |
(not) (to) have been reading |
----- |
2.1 The Present Infinitive refers to the present or future. I hope to meet her tonight.
2.2 The Present Continuous infinitive expresses an action happening now.
He must be sleeping now.
The Perfect infinitive is used to show that the action of the infinitive happened
before the action of the verb.
He claims to have worked here before. (First he worked here, then he claimed he had worked here.)
The Perfect Continuous infinitive is used to emphasize the duration of the action of the infinitive, which happened before the action of the main verb.
He looks tired. He seems to have been studying for the test all night.
The Present Cont., the Perfect and the Perfect Cont. Infinitives are used with the verbs: appear, claim, happen, pretend, seem etc and with modal verbs.
3. Functions:
1. subject |
To know Russian poetry is helpful. |
2. modifier |
To know Russian poetry you can write interesting essays. |
3. part of the predicate |
|
4. attribute |
The poem to be known is very long. |
5. object |
I want to know Russian poetry by heart. |
4. Structures
4.1 Complex object.
Object + infinitive |
After the verbs: |
We know him to become a good poet. |
expect, believe, think, understand, consider, suppose, assume, know |
We want him to become a good poet. |
allow, ask, expect, order, instruct, remind, permit, prepare, promise |
We heard him become (nig) a good poet. |
see, feel, hear, watch, listen, notice, smell |
It is important for him to become a good poet. |
Prepositions – of, for etc |
4.2 Complex subject.
Subject + infinitive |
After the verbs: |
He is known to become a good poet. |
consider, believe, expect, suppose, assume, report in passive form |
He proved to become a good poet. |
seem, appear, prove, happen, turn out |
He is likely to become a good poet. |
to be + (un)likely/ sure/ certain |
Сложное дополнение и сложное подлежащее - английские обороты, которые на русский язык переводятся соответственно придаточным дополнительным (Мы знаем, что он...) и безличным (Известно/оказывается/по-видимому, (что) он...) предложениями.
После глаголов чувственного восприятия возможно употребление герундия (инфинитив употребляется без частицы to; помимо этого to может опускаться после двух глаголов-исключений: help и dare — She helped (to) introduce the guests.) Сложное дополнение может также использоваться в предложной конструкции: It is important for him to study poetry.