THE PERFECT FORMS to have + Participle II (V3/ed)

The present perfect tense

Affirmative (Negative)				Interrogative
I /We /You /They	have	(not)	V3/ed worked.	have	I /we /you /they	(not)	V3/ed worked?
He /She /It	has			has	he /she it

Shortened forms are: I've worked / I haven't worked; He's worked / He hasn't worked

1. It denotes a completed action connected with the present. The only thing which matters here is the result: the time when the action took place is of no importance. E.g.: I am a little frightened for I have lost my way. He has recovered from his illness (he is better now). I have seen this film (I can discuss it with you now).

Questions in the Present Perfect never start with when: E.g.: When did you see this film?

2. The Present Perfect is frequently used with:

а) the adverbs: ever, never, just, already, yet, of late, lately, recently: I have never seen him. I have not spoken to her yet.

b) word combinations this morning/evening, today, this week, this year (when these periods are not finished at the time of speaking): E.g.: Has Ann had a holiday this year? Have you seen him today?

с) the prepositions for, since: E.g.: I have known her for two years. He has not seen his friends since last September. I haven't seen him since he left for Moscow.

d) the expression: This ( it) is the first (second/next/etc.) time: E.g.: This is the first time he has driven a car.

3. The Present Perfect is not used in: Что Вы сказали? - What did you say? Я не слышал вашего вопроса. - I did not hear your question. Я забыл. - I forgot. Теперь я понял. - Now I understand. Где Вы купили эту книгу? - Where did you buy the book?

Exercises

Ex. 1. (A, B) Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect.

1. I don't know this girl. I never (meet) her before. 2. "Where is Mother?" - "She just (go) out." 3. "Don't you know what the film is about?"-"No, I (not/see) it." 4. "Is he a good teacher?" - "Oh yes, he (help) me a lot." 5. I know London perfectly well. I (be) there several times. 6. I can't find my umbrella. I think, somebody (take) it by mistake. 7. "Do you speak Spanish?" -"No, I never (study) it." 8. "Do you know where they have gone?" - "No, they (sell) their house and (not/leave) their new address."

Ex. 2. (A, B) Answer the questions. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect.

Example: Is his article ready? (write) Yes, he has written it.

1. Are her rooms clean? (do) 2. Is our dinner ready, Mother? (cook) 3. Does he know how nice the cake is? (eat) 4. Do you know that your gloves are on the table? (find) 5. Is Bobby's face clean? (wash) 6. Do you know how beautiful these songs are? (hear)

Ex. 3. (A, B) Put the verb in brackets into the Present Indefinite and the Present Perfect.

1. Look! They (stop). 2. I (want) to see you. I (not/see) you for ages! 3. "What (be) your name?" - "My name (be) always Cole." 4. "You (read) this book?" - "Yes." - "What you (think) of it?" 5. "You (know) Nick?" - "Yes." - "How long you (know) him?" - "I (know) him for 10 years." 6. There (be) a lot of things I (want) to do for a long time and I (not/do) them. 7. "You (know) the girl who just (leave) the shop?" - "Yes, that (be) Bella York." - "She (be) a customer of yours?" - "Not, exactly. She (be) here several times, but she never (buy) anything." 8. It'll be good to see him again. How long he (be) away? It (seem) ages.

Ex. 6. (A, B) Use just. Answer the questions using the words given.

Example: Could you lend me your dictionary? (sorry, I /just /give/it/to Mike) Sorry. I've just given it to Mike.

1. Has Mother come from the market? (yes/she/just/come/from the market) 2. Have you phoned Jack yet? (yes /I/just /phone/him) 3. Would you like some coffee? (no thanks/I/just/have/a cup)

Ex. 8. (A, B) Make sentences with already and yet.

Example: Don't forget to pack some warm clothes. - I've already packed them. Have you typed the letters yet? - Yes, I've already typed them. Have you bought that dress? - No, I haven't bought it yet, but I'm going to buy it.

1. Why don't you have a bath? ... . 2. Shall I buy some newspapers? - No, ... . 3. Have you asked Jim yet? - Yes, ... . 4. Have you invited Larry and Sue? - No, I ..., but I am ... . 5. Has the manager arrived yet? - Yes, ....

Ex. 7. (A, B) Put in been or gone.

Example: Where's Paul? - He has gone to the library. We've been to the country today. Look, we've brought some flowers.

1. Where have you spent your holidays? - I've … to Italy. 2. Are you going to the shops? - No, I've just … to the shops. 3. Is Alex home? - No, he's … to the park. 4. Are they both out? - Yes, they've both … to the market.

Ex. 9. (A, B) Use the words in brackets to make questions according to a pattern. The first sentence is done for you.

1: (he/ever/paint/people) Has he ever painted people? 2. (you ever/be/to Scotland?) 3. (your parents/live/here all their lives?) 4. (you/hear/this concert?) 5. (how many times/you/ be married?) 6. (he/ever/meet/the President?) 7. (you/ever/visit/the White House?)

Ex. 10. (А, В) Use the verb to complete the answers to the questions. Use the verb brackets. The first sentence is done for you.

1. Is he handsome? (seen) → Yes, he is the most handsome man I've ever seen. 2. Is it a fast car? (drive) - Yes, it's the fastest ... 3. Is it a warm coat? (have) - Yes, it's the ... 4. Are they nice people? (meet) - Yes, they are the ... .

Ex. 12. (A, B) Translate into English using the Present Perfect Tense.

I 1. Когда в последний раз шел дождь? - Дождя не было целую вечность. 2. Когда они навещали вас в последний раз? - Они не навещали нас с июня. 3. Когда ты в последний раз водил машину? - Я не водил машину много месяцев. 4. Когда ты в последний раз ездил в Канаду? - Я никогда не ездил в Канаду.

II 1. Они построили новый дом. Ты его видел? 2. Ты показал маме свою картину? - Нет, она еще не готова. 3. Я посмотрел этот фильм. А ты? - Да. Это интересный фильм. 4. Ты был в Лондонском зоопарке? - Да. 5. Возьмите эти журналы. Я уже прочитал их. 6. Вы были когда-нибудь в Греции? - Да, это очень красивая страна. 7. Мы еще не сделали опыт. 8. Она никогда не переводила такие трудные статьи. 9. Я звонил ему три раза сегодня. 10. Сегодня он уехал в Нью-Йорк.

Ex. 14. (В, С) Translate into English. The first sentence is done for you.

1. Я звоню тебе уже третий раз за вечер. It's the third time I've phoned vou this evening. 2.Ты опоздала уже второй раз на этой неделе. 3. Машина ломается уже третий раз за месяц. 4. Я выпила уже пятую чашку кофе за вечер.