[] Areas of corruption

Today all areas of government are corrupted: people give bribes to get an assignment for a child to a kinder garden, to avoid army service; it has roots up to the highest ranks of the governmental spheres. Corruption is an ordinary part of life for all social levels. Areas that are mostly subject to corruption are:

• customs: bribes for letting forbidden goods across border, return of confiscated goods and currencies, reduction of customs fees, just to avoid ungrounded delays at the border, unjustified delays of customs payments;

• medical organizations: bribes to procure equipment and medicine for higher prices, to get false medical papers/certificates, to get served faster at the expense of other customers;

• motor licensing and inspection: bribes to get unjustified driving licenses and maintenance checkup lists, to avoid penalty for breaking rules on the road, to forge data and conclusions about road accidents in favor of bribe-givers;

• judicial bodies: biased hearing of cases, taking unjust decisions, breaking procedural rules, contradictory decisions of different judges on the same case, using law-courts as a tool of ;

• tax bodies: reduced tax levy, return of , checks and stoppage of production induced by competitors;

• law enforcement bodies: to institute or stop legal proceedings, sending them to additional investigation, to avoid legal punishment for breaking law;

• bureaucracy: to get necessary papers, permits etc.;

• anti-corruption movements: is actually a cover to divide and steal the funds given to fight corruption;

• higher education institutions: buying and selling diplomas, getting higher grades for exams, admitting to universities people with unsatisfactory level of knowledge;

• licensing and registering entrepreneurial activity;

• authorizing bank transactions for budgetary funds;

• credit approvals;

• export quota approvals;

• tenders for goods/services procurement from budgetary funds;

• construction building and repair works at the budgetary funds expense;

• notarization of transactions;

• control over licensing rules observance;

• supervision of hunting and fishing activities;

• release from army service;

• entering higher education institutions (mainly ones majoring in law and economics);

• governmental registration, certification and accreditation of private higher education institutions;

• getting into secondary education institutions and pre-school establishments;

• employing to state and municipal establishments with high illegal revenue;

• forming party electoral lists.

[] Anti-corruption efforts

Main article:

The Russian government recognises corruption as one of the most serious problems facing the country, and has taken steps to counter it. Fighting corruption has been a top agenda of President . An Anti-Corruption Council was established by Medvedev in 2008 to oversee the . The central document guiding the effort is the National Anti-Corruption Strategy, introduced by Medvedev in 2010.

Russia has ratified the .

[] Bloggers’ initiatives

This section requires expansion.

Recently, many Russian bloggers started campaigning in the Internet with declarations to fight corruption and address state institutions with petitions to punish the state-related companies and individuals found to be involved in thefts. Particular prominence was gained by blogger who organizes the largest-scale campaigns