7. Письмово дайте відповіді на запитання до тексту:

1. What is essential for the behavior of lower forms of animals?

2. What does man possess alone among the animals?

3. What is the position of comparative psychologist towards experiments on animals?

8. Напишіть еквіваленти до поданих слів.

1. Антропоморфічний;

2. Порівняльний метод;

3. Помилка, софізм;

4. Людські цінності;

5. Математичні концепції;

6. Зневага;

7. Нижче за класом звірі;

8. Поведінка;

9. Розум;

10. Природні рефлекси.

ВАРІАНТ IV

1. Перепишіть наступні речення та перекладіть їх на рідну мову, звертаючи увагу на різні значення слів.

1. Here are two books. Which one would you like?

2. This is my dictionary and that is yours.

3. These cases are too small; we need some bigger ones.

4. It’s time something was done about the traffic problem in the city center.

5. One should always observe traffic rules.

2. Перепишіть наступні речення, визначте в кожному з них час і стан дієслова-присудка. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. I played tennis a lot last year but I haven’t played this year.

2. Ann has been writing letters all day.

3. Jimmy is a tennis champion. He began playing tennis when he was 11 years old.

4. When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home.

5. I won’t tell Tom what you said. I promise.

3. Перепишіть наступні речення і перекладіть їх на рідну мову, пам’ятаючи про різні значення дієслів to be, to have, to do.

1. Do you remember his telephone number?

2. You will be at home tonight, won’t you?

3. Do prepare all yours tasks?

4. I was to have finished my work yesterday.

5. Do you have to write this exercise?

4. Перепишіть наступні речення і перкладіть їх на рідну мову, зветвючи увагу на функцію інфінітиву,герундія і дієприкметника в реченні.

1. Your duty was to inform me of it immediately.

2. When you are copying English texts, pay attention to the articles.

3. He mentioned having been asked about it.

4. When you are leaving the room, don’t forget to switch off the light.

5. It is necessary for your brother to go there.

6. Since he needed a shelter for night, Peter decided to go to the neighbour’s house.

7. It’s no use talking about it.

8. We began talking about the state of the rubber market.

8. 5. Перепишіть наступні речення і перекладіть їх на рідну мову, звертаючи увагу, як в них передається наказ або прохання за опомогою дієслова to let.

1. Let me have a look at the picture.

2. Let me go to see him after classes this evening.

3. Let him help you.

6. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст на рідну мову.

MAN’S ACHIEVEMENTS IN SOCIAL RALATIONSHIPS

Just as man had to cope with mysticism and dogma in his understanding of the physical world, similar stumbling blocks have stood in his path as he has attempted to deal with problems in social relationship. Unscientific observations and theories of the behavior of man are as rampant today as they were concerning the physical world in the medieval ages. Many falsely consider the behavior of man, his achievements as well as his problems, as a product of individual strength or perversity. The behavior who constitute problems to themselves and to others is falsely to individual biological weaknesses in inheritance, to feeblemindedness, to body type, or even to racial original, or is explained as the product of poverty or simply of the “moral” weakness of the individual.

Most people fail to realize that the scientific study of society, social behavior, and the social problems associated with them is fairly recent, though the basic discoveries which have culminated in the advances in the physical world go back many centuries. In fact, the basic knowledge for man’s dramatic control of physical phenomena, resulting in the discovery of atomic energy, is the outcome of mathematical and other learning accumulated over at least two thousand years. Until fifty to a hundred years ago scientific methods were applied for the most part to the physical world only, whereas human personality and group behavior were left chiefly to philosophical and moral speculation. Scientific efforts in the latter areas have required the development of concepts and research tools for the study of human behavior.