The speaking module

II. Speaking Exercises:

Exercise 1. Describe traditional electromechanical safety relays , a programmable safety system, diagnostics, tongue-actuated guard switches or interlocks, light curtains using the suggested words and expressions as in example:

traditional electromechanical safety relays are limited , diagnostics, many companies, now ,Pilz PNOZsigma relays, are capable ,several different functions. example: Having said that, traditional electromechanical safety relays are limited in their functionality and diagnostics, so many companies are now using Pilz PNOZsigma relays that are capable of performing one of several different functions.

a programmable safety system to handle, the I/O , a safety field bus ,for communications, such as ,SafetyBUS p , the forthcoming SafetyNET p.

diagnostics end users, want , so, can identify , rectify faults, possible.

tongue-actuated guard switches or interlocks are appropriate, physical guards , on an occasional basis, while ,more frequently , from non-contact magnetic switches.

Light curtains are very popular, are not suitable for, a CNC machine tool , parts , at high speed ,the tool or workpiece break.

Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:

1. Question: ___________________________________________ ?

Answer: Technological advances over the last twenty years have made a huge difference to the way safety is implemented on machines.

2. Question: ___________________________________________ ?

Answer: Before considering the benefits, however, it is worth analyzing what it is that machine builders and end users are seeking from machinery safety.

3. Question: ___________________________________________ ?

Answer: Although it is an extreme example, a modern car plant produces one car every 48 seconds, or 75 per hour, so you can see why the potential cost of lost production is massive.

4. Question: ___________________________________________ ?

Answer: As the complexity of a machine increases, the complexity of the safety-related control system also increases.

5. Question: ___________________________________________ ?

Answer: And if you need higher integrity, there are coded non-contact switches available.

The writing module

III. Writing exercises:

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the suggested words:

can be used, might be ejected ,are, have to remember, are also limited

Light curtains ___ very popular, but you __________ that they are not suitable for something like a CNC machine tool where parts ________ at high speed should the tool or workpiece break. Light curtains ___________to the extent that they can only guard a flat plane. Mirrors _________ to 'bend' the plane around a corner, but setting up the light curtain and integrating it with physical guarding is time-consuming and, consequently, expensive.

Exercise 2. Fill in the table with words and expressions from the text:

	material	place	process
Example: Safety sensors can be used	-	across the board, on machines of all sizes and complexities.	-
Modern safety technologies
Light curtains
the complexity of the safety-related control system

Exercise 3. Compose a story on one of the topics (up to 100 words):

“Technological advances over the last twenty years ”

“Modern safety technologies ”

“Drag-and-drop logic”