- •Unit 2. Triodes Language Work
- •Degrees of Comparison
- •Fill in the table
- •Put the verb into the correct form, Present Continuous or Present Simple.
- •Choose the appropriate English equivalents
- •Translate the following sentences. Mind the meaning of the highlighted words.
- •Choose as many words from the table оf ex. 1 as you can and form sensible sentences in Present Continuous (affirmative, negative and interrogative).
- •Specialist Reading
- •Read the text “Triodes” and choose its best summary.
- •Read the text again and complete the sentences.
Unit 2. Triodes Language Work
Present Continuous
Affirmative
Am/is/are + -ing
I |
am |
(= I'm) |
controlling |
he/she/it |
is |
(= he's etc.) |
decreasing |
we/you/they |
are |
(= we're etc.) |
insulating |
For example:
-
I am plugging this device in today.
-
Look! Current is flowing through the tube.
-
They are placing the grid between the cathode and the plate at the moment.
Spelling
Verbs that end in –e (make) ing: make-making
Verbs that end in –ie (lie) ying: lie-lying
Negative
I |
am |
not |
controlling |
he |
|
|
|
she |
is |
not |
decreasing |
it |
|
|
|
we |
|
|
|
you |
are |
not |
insulating |
they |
|
|
|
For example:
-
I am not working as a physicist now.
-
These devices are not heating this week.
-
Look! They are not placing the grid between the cathode and the plate.
Questions
Am |
I |
Is |
he/she/it |
Are |
we/you/they |
For example:
-
Is she working as a physicist now?
-
Why aren’t these devices heating this week?
-
Look! They are placing the grid between the cathode and the plate at the moment, aren’t they?
Adjectives and adverbs
-
Adjective + noun
For example:
-
a modern amplifier
-
a good conductor
-
a precise definition
But: Look/feel/smell/taste/sound/get + adjective
-
Verb + adverb
Adjective + -ly = adverb
For example:
Adjective |
quick |
bad |
sudden |
careful |
heavy |
good |
Adverb |
quickly |
badly |
suddenly |
carefully |
heavily |
well |
-
to control well
-
to conduct readily
-
to operate quickly
-
Degrees of Comparison
Cheap – cheaper – the cheapest
Nice – nicer – the nicest
Big – bigger – the biggest
Early – earlier – the earliest
Expensive – more expensive – the most expensive
Interesting – more interesting – the most interesting
But:
good – better - (the) best
little – less - least
bad - worse - worst
much/many – more - most
-
Fill in the table
Noun |
Verb |
Adjective |
Adverb |
Translation |
Transcription |
control |
control |
|
|
управление, управлять |
(п, v) |
decrease |
decrease |
|
|
|
(п)
(v) |
|
depend (on, upon) |
|
|
|
|
distance |
|
|
|
|
|
density |
|
|
|
плотность |
|
increase |
increase |
|
increasingly |
|
(n) (v) |
insulator insulation |
|
|
|
диэлектрик/ непроводник изоляция
|
|
|
|
|
|
сетка |
|
|
place |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/
|
|
result (in) |
|
|
|
|
-
Read and translate the following international words:
Nouns (n): effect, function, idea, ion, material, metal, milliampere, reflector, result, secret, spiral, triode, volt
Verbs (v): compensate, control
Adjectives (adj): modern, miniature, standard
-
Write the following verbs with –ing. Mind the spelling.
Control, decrease, depend, increase, place, result, conduct, insulate, heat, emit, flow, have, apply, result, use.
-
Looking at fig.1 and complete the sentences with the following verbs in the correct form: attract, repel, heat, flow, emit.
Fig. 1. Electron flow in a vacuum tube
-
The heater … the cathode.
-
The cathode … electrons.
-
Negative voltage on the cathode … the electrons.
-
Positive voltage on the plate … the electrons.
-
Current … from one element to the other through a gas.
-
Make up questions from these words. Use is or are and put the words in order.
-
the\in\student\the\electron\describing\a\vacuum\flow\tube.
-
the\electronics\defining\physicist.
-
the\emitting\cathode\electrons.
-
the\the\electrons\cathode\flowing\from\to\the\plate.
-
the\between\grid\being placed\the\cathode\and\the\plate.
-
the\grid\the\flow\of\electrons\controlling.
-
current\from\moving\element\to\one\the\other\a\gas\through.
-
a\small\negative\voltage\being applied\to\the\grid.
-
the\decreasing\plate\current.
-
being used\for\amplification\a\triode.
-
flowing\only\current\in\direction\one.