Countries and nationalities

It is not possible to show all the countries of the world on a small page. If your country is not included, check its English name with your teacher or on the Internet.

	adjective
most country adjectives end in (i)an	American, Argentinian, Australian, Brazilian, Canadian, Colombian, Egyptian, German, Indian, Italian, Moroccan, Peruvian, South African, Tunisian
many country adjectives end in ish	British, English, Finnish, Irish, Polish, Scottish, Spanish
a few country adjectives end in ese	Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese
exceptions	Pakistani, Thai

Tip

Remember that words for languages are often the same as the 'people' adjective,

e.g. French, Spanish, Japanese and Thai. One exception is Arabic.

25.1 Which countries do these letters make?

1 Hi nac4 ocr moo c 2 z ira lb 5 an jap 3 pins a 6 d alt hina

25.2 Match these capital cities to their countries and make sentences.

1. Tokyo Tokyo Us the covpLtaL of Japcn.

2. Rome

3. Argentina Australia Colombia Egypt Germany Italy Japa-ty Poland Spain the UK

   Canberra

4. Bogotá

5. Cairo

6. London

7. Berlin

8. Warsaw

9. Buenos Aires

10. Madrid

25.3 Which country is different? (Think of the languages they speak there.) Write sentences.

1. Australia, Canada, England, Iceland In England, Canada and Australia they speak English bub in Iceland they speak Icelandic.

2. Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Spain

3. Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland

4. China, Egypt, Morocco, Saudi Arabia

5. Canada, France, Scotland, Switzerland

25.4 What is the adjective for these countries?

I Indian Indian 6 Spain 2 Thailand 7 Peru

3. Germany 8 China

4. Egypt 9 Australia 5 Argentina 10 Poland

25.5 Write down:

1. the name of your country.

2. the names of the countries next to your country.

3. the name of your language.

4. the name for people from your country.

Weather

Types of weather

snow

sun raincloud

fog wind thunder lightning

Adjectives and verbs

noun
sun	sunny
ram	rainy
wind	windy
cloud	cloudy
snow
fog	foggy
thunder	thundery
lightning

Other useful weather words

It is very hot in Mexico — it is often 45 degrees there in summer.

It is very cold in the Arctic — it is often minus 50 degrees there.

It can be very wet in London — carry an umbrella when you go sightseeing there.

It is very dry in the Sahara — it doesn't often rain there.

A hurricane is a very strong wind.

A storm is when there is a strong wind and rain together.

A thunderstorm is when there is thunder, lightning, rain and sometimes wind together.

Expressions

It's a sunny day in Tokyo today, but it's cloudy in Hong Kong.

It's foggy in Sydney and it's snowing / it's snowy in Moscow. It's raining in Barcelona but the sun is shining in Granada.

It's a lovely day.

It's a horrible day, isn't it!

What's the weather like in your country in June?

It's usually warm and sunny.

26.1 Match words and the symbols.

1 snow 2 sun 3 rain 4 fog 5 lightning 6 wind 7 cloud

26.2 Look at the chart. Write sentences about the cities in the chart.

O	Hanoi Hong Kong La Paz Paris Tashkent Seoul Washington