- •Раздел 1. Введение в экономическую теорию
- •Тема 1. Понятие экономической теории. Основные категории товарного хозяйства.
- •Тема 2. Современное рыночное хозяйство
- •Тема 3. Основные понятия макроэкономического анализа
- •Тема 4. Проблемы экономического роста
- •Тема 5. Проблемы занятости и безработицы
- •Тема 6. Конкуренция и монополия
- •175. Syndicate – синдикат.
- •177. Combination – концерн.
- •Тема 7. Денежная система
- •199. Now account - оборотные счета (текущие счета) по сберегательным вкладам.
- •200. Ats account - автоматические счета трансфертных услуг.
- •Тема 8. Кредитно-банковская и финансовая система
- •Тема 9. Фондовый рынок и его субъекты
- •Раздел 2. Введение в международную экономику
- •Тема 1. Предмет исследования международной экономики
- •Тема 2. Международная торговля
- •Тема 3. Финансирование экспорта и импорта: основные документы
- •Тема 4. Встречная торговля
- •Тема 5. Иностранное инвестирование
- •Тема 6. Международная валютная система.
- •Тема 7. Международные банковские операции
- •Тема 7. Маркетинг как форма предпринимательства
Тема 9. Фондовый рынок и его субъекты
Stock – акционерный капитал; основной капитал; фонды.
Stocks амер. (shares of firms) – акции.
235. Financial assets (финансовые активы) – pieces of paper entitling the owner to a specified interest payment for a specified period; firms and governments raise money by selling financial assets.
236. Securities (ценные бумаги) - stocks and bonds that can be bought and sold.
237. Bond (облигация) – long-term financial asset; the certificate acknowledging a debt and the amount of interest to be paid each year until repayment.
238. Share (акция) - a security that is a title of ownership for part of a corporation's property.
239. Industrial shares (equities, pl.) (обыкновенные акции) – entitlements to receive corporate dividends.
240. Shareholder (акционер) – the owner of one or several common stocks.
241. Securities market (рынок ценных бумаг) – people and organizations that buy stocks and bonds and the securities intermediaries who bring buyers and sellers together.
242. Primary market (первичный рынок) – a market in which an investor purchases financial securities (via an investment bank or other representative) directly from the issuer of those securities.
243. Secondary market (вторичный рынок) – a market for existing financial securities that are currently traded between investors.
244. Stock exchange (фондовая биржа) - the marketplace for dealing in freely transferable stocks, shares, and securities of all types - government and others.
245. Investor (инвестор) - traditionally someone who buys securities with the expectation of getting an income or profit over several years.
246. Broker (брокер) - an individual licensed to buy and sell securities for customers in the secondary market; may also provide other financial services.
247. Stockbroker (фондовый брокер) - an individual who buys or sells securities for clients.
248. Investment banker (инвестиционный банкир) - any financial institution engaged in purchasing and reselling new stocks and bonds.
249. Investment banking firm (инвестиционная банковская фирма) - an organization that assists corporations in raising funds, usually by helping sell new security issues.
250. «Bull market» («рынок быков») - a stock market in which prices are rising and there is much optimism among speculators.
251. «Bear market» («рынок медведей») - a stock market in which prices are falling and there is much pessimism among speculators.
252. Bull («бык») - an investor who expects prices to go up.
253. Bear («медведь») - an investor who expects prices to go down.
254. Institutional investors (институциональные инвесторы) - organizations whose investments for themselves and their clients are so large that they can influence prices on securities markets.
255. No-load fund (фонд без обременения) – a mutual fund in which investors are not charged a sales commission when they buy into or sell out of the fund.
256. Load fund (фонд с обременением) – a mutual fund in which investors are charged a sales commission when they buy into or sell out of the fund.
257. Market value (рыночная цена) - the price of one share of a stock at a particular time.
258. Capital gain (прибыль) - an increase in the market value of an asset.
259. Dividend (дивиденд) - a distribution of earnings to the stockholders of a corporation; the part of firms profits paid out to shareholders rather than retained to finance new investment in machinery and buildings.
260. Stock dividend (дивиденд, выплачиваемый акциями) - a dividend in the form of additional stock.
261. Cash dividend (денежный дивиденд) – a cash payment to shareholders.
262. Eurobonds (еврооблигации) - bonds sold in a country other than the one in whose currency they are denominated.
263. Bills (векселя) – financial assets with less then one year until the known date at which they will be repurchased by the original borrower.
264. Treasury bills (казначейские векселя) – government obligations with maturities of 91 days, 182 days, or occasionally 365 days.
265. Treasury notes (казначейские обязательства) – government obligations with original maturities of one to seven years.
266. Treasury bonds (государственные облигации) – government obligations with original maturities of over seven years.
267. Maturity date (срок платежа по ценной бумаге) – the date on or before which a company must pay off the principal of a particular bond issue.
268. Par value (номинальная стоимость) – the face value of a bond; the amount to be repaid when the bond is due.
269. Yield (доходность) – the rate of return on a bond; the annual interest payment divided by the bond's price.
270. Current yield (текущая доходность) – a bond's annual dollar coupon amount dividend by the current market price.
271. Default (дефолт, невозможность отвечать по платежным обязательствам) – failure to make scheduled payments of interest or principal on a bond.