In columns.
territory, different, theatre, cycle, plural, symbol, wire, become, marriage, humour, coast, seldom, limit, button, theory, siren, load, angel, very, biology, escape, horror, cover, goal, stare, salon, folder, labour, famous, borrow, prior,
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2 гласные |
1 согласная |
‘r’ |
2 согласные |
‘rr’ |
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tyrant |
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hurry
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№ |
Rules |
Examples |
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1. |
В словах без приставок ударение падает на первый слог.
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'baker, 'author, 'problem |
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В наречиях, предлогах и союзах с приставками: a- be- de- in- ударение падает на второй слог. |
a'bout, a'long, a'head be'fore, be'hind, be'low de'spite in'spite
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В глаголах с приставками: con- / co- in- / im- / ir- / il- sub- / su- ad- / a- for- dis- / de- ob- / o- ex- / e- pre- pro- re- se- abs- trans- en- per- ударение ставится на второй слог.
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to concern, to incline, to impact, to subject, to sustain, to adapt, to agree, to forget, to disarm, to describe, to object, to obey, to exact, to effect, to prefer, to project, to refer, to select, to abstract, to enable, to translate, to perform |
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Если слово с приставкой является и существительным, и глаголом, то в существительном ударение ставится на первый слог (noun: ), а в глаголе – на второй (verb: ). |
a 'present – to pre'sent a 'conflict – to con'flict
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Примечание: многие существительные и глаголы подобного типа могут иметь одинаковое ударение. re'ply – to re'ply 'promise – to 'promise
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Если оба слога принадлежат корню, а вторая (безударная) гласная читается как [i] или [ju:], то ударная гласная в открытом слоге читается по правилу закрытого слога (II тип чтения)
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picnic, topic value, volume |
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Исключения:
читается по правилу открытого слога
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stupid, tulip
lady, tiny, holy |
Activity1. Read the verbs according to the patterns:
A.
inform – perform – conform – reform – deform
describe – prescribe – subscribe
excuse – induce – reduce – produce – adduce
resist – persist – consist – insist – assist – exist
admit – transmit – permit – submit – omit – remit
export – transport – report – deport
project – reject – inject – subject – object
consign – resign – design
consult – result – insult
reclaim – proclaim – declaim
expect – respect – suspect – infect – affect
prefer – refer – transfer
reply – supply – imply
include – preclude – conclude – exclude
impress – suppress – depress – repress – express
B.
intend – pretend preserve – reserve announce – pronounce
invent – prevent refuse – confuse replace – displace
consent – present relate – translate contain – obtain
progress – regress abstain – sustain belong – prolong
procure – secure abstract – subtract detest – protest
enclose – disclose exceed – succeed
C.
concern incise subject process reread enable
conduct incline submit protest rebuild encase
confess income subscribe provide recall enchant
confine injure subtract receive enclose
confirm insert select record endure
confront install succeed secure refresh engage
connect invite suggest regard enforce
consent involve suppose abstract regret enlarge
consume abstain relax enlist
impeach precede remark ensure
collect impel predate transform renew
corrupt implore predict transfer repeat perfect
improve present translate research persuade
impute prevail transport restrict pervert
pretend transmit reflect
D.
forget account object disarm exalt
forgive affect observe discuss exact
agree obsess dislike exceed
adapt aspire obtain dismiss excel
adhere assist dispense excite
adjoin effect displace exhaust
adjust obey eclipse dispose extend
admire occur elect dispute expose
adopt offer elide distort
adore omit elope distress
advance email disperse
advise
Activity 2. Read the nouns and the verbs according to the stress patterns.
addict – to addict content – to content permit – to permit
conflict – to conflict income – to income protest – to protest
export – to export insult – to insult transfer – to transfer
impress – to impress present – to present transport – to transport object – to object project – to project contract – to contract
protest – to protest process – to process contest – to contest
record – to record affix – to affix convict – to convict
subject – to subject import – to import desert – to desert
Activity 3. Read the sentences. Pay attention to the stress pattern of the
words in italics.
Model: Addict [ ] is someone who can’t stop taking illegal or harmful drugs.
He felt he hadn’t projected [ … ] himself well at the interview.
Changes occur in the body because of the process [ … ] of ageing.
Desert [ … ] is a large area of land with few plants and little water.
Don’t insult [ … ] his intelligence by making ridiculous excuses.
They wouldn’t give him a job without a work permit [ … ].
His accounts conflicted [ … ] with reports received from other journalists.
She has asked me to present [ … ] her apologies for her absence.
His views stand in stark contrast [ … ] to those of her colleagues.
They export [ … ] their flowers all over the world.
The organization has made a formal protest [ … ] against the nuclear testing.
Activity 4. Find a way from START to FINISH.
You may pass a square only if the word is read in accordance
with the rule of the IInd type of reading (closed syllable).
You can move horizontally or vertically only.
START
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picnic |
panic |
playing |
super |
formal |
harvest |
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aside |
planet |
pony |
flowers |
spirit |
logic |
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rabbit |
finish |
morning |
Latin |
image |
cabin |
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rigid |
Mary |
damage |
habit |
stony |
digit |
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British |
acid |
timid |
dating |
holy |
vivid |
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tiny |
diary |
those |
payment |
highlight |
merit |
FINISH
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№ |
Rules
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Examples |
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1. |
Если многосложное слово образовано с помощью суффиксов: -ing -er / -or -ness -ship -ful -less -ly – ударение остается там, где оно было в исходном слове. |
preventing developer inventor happiness membership beautiful emotionless especially |
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Если многосложное слово содержит окончания: -ing -(e)s -(e)d -er -est – ударение остается там, где оно было в исходном слове. |
reading damages limited easier easiest |
Activity 1. Read the words according to the patterns.
narrow – narrower village – villager labour – labourer
import – importer worship – worshiper cottage – cottager
travel – traveler govern –governor image – imager
invent – inventor begin – beginner betray – betrayer
invest – investor repeat – repeater record – recorder
research – researcher enchant – enchanter divide – divider
present – presenter respect – respecter prevent – preventer
membership awareness beautiful limitless lovingly
leadership readiness hopeful effortless seriously
authorship preciousness powerful tearless playfully
developer effectively respectfulness accordingly
successfully sincerely subjectively confusingly
Activity 2. Write one word from the table in each sentence below.
The word must have the stress pattern shown.
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forgetful engaged easily travellers relatives subjectively prevent according gifted successful enormously |
A patient’s level of pain can only be judged .. subjectively.. [ ].
She has … [ ] to someone she met at work.
It promises to be an … [ ]enjoyable event.
We spent the week visiting … [ ].
She’s exceptionally … [ ] in music.
I don’t think she’s … [ ] impressed.
We should try to play the game … [ ] to the rules.
She became increasingly … [ ] and withdrawn.
We tried to … [ ] her, but she was determined to go.
Rail … [ ] are furious at the proposed seven per cent increase
in fares.
Her children have all been … [ ] in their chosen careers.
Activity 3. Tick the correct box for each word according to the number of
syllables it has.
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1 syllable
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2 syllables |
3 syllables |
4 syllables |
5 syllables | |||||
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fourteen |
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ü |
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leadership |
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confusingly |
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effectively |
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unfortunately |
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door |
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formula |
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№ |
Rules
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Examples |
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1. |
В многосложных словах без суффиксов и окончаний ударение ставится на третий слог с конца. |
'festival, oppor'tunity, 'literature ex'periment, 'general |
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2. |
Ударная гласная во всех типах слогов, кроме третьего, читается по II типу.
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'medical, 'factory, 'mineral, 'origin, |
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3. |
Ударная гласная в III типе слога читается по правилу. |
'article, 'formula, 'circular, 'vertical, |
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Исключение! Буква U в ударной позиции сохраняет все четыре типа чтения: Type I – mutiny [ju:] Type II – summary [ʌ] Type III – turbulent [ɜ:] Type IV – purely [uǝ] | ||
Activity 1. Read according to the patterns:
adequate benefit capital caramel
sympathy surgery catholic champion
character charity chemistry cinema
consonant cordial coverage density
faculty harmony honesty hospital
negative library lottery luxury
additional adulterate capacity careerist
civilian consistency convenience fraternity
hostility manipulate minority mortality
psychology spectacular political historical
solidarity hospitality masculinity
metropolitan sensitivity elementary
documentary introductory opportunity
Activity 2. Read the pairs of words.
'adult – a'dulterous geography – geographic grammar – grammatical
formal – formality physics – physician hostile –hostility
history – historian library – librarian noble – nobility
industry – industrious victory – victorious family – familiar
Activity 3. Find the odd word according to the stress patterns.
particle – authority – optical – colony – battery
medical – ornament – visibility – ordinal – regular
infinitive – tactical – quality – minister – veteran
formula – documentary – festival – institute – family
colony – robbery – currency – historian – faculty
musical – historical – dependable – impossible – original
security – relativity – decision – humorous – significant
morality – intelligent – utility – activity – curious
university – personality – community – popularity – lexicology
elementary – contradictory – comparative – productivity – satisfactory
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№ |
Rules
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Examples |
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1. |
В многосложных прилагательных с суффиксами: -al/-cal -ant/-ent -ous -ive ударение обычно падает на третий слог с конца. |
ordinal, medical, furious significant, affirmative alphabetical |
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В многосложных прилагательных с теми же суффиксами: -al/-cal -ant/-ent -ous -ive ударение падает на второй слог с конца, если перед суффиксами стоит две согласные или более. |
per'sistent im'pulsive enor'mous conti`nental
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3. |
В многосложных прилагательных с суффиксом –ic(-ical) ударение падает на второй слог с конца .
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symbolic, electrical scientific, economical |
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В многосложных прилагательных и существительных с суффиксами: -able/-ible -ary/-ory ударение обычно падает на третий слог с конца.
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suitable, visible comparable satisfactory |
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! Иногда ударение падает на четвертый слог с конца: con`temporary la`boratory | ||
Activity 1. Read according to the patterns:
practical decadent glamorous relative
criminal impudent curious talkative
cultural competent dangerous sensitive
musical different fabulous primitive
conditional convenient harmonious comparative
contractual dependant religious competitive
imperial inhabitant synonymous defensive
analytical sentimental sentimental
chronological chronological demonstrative
constitutional conversational correspondent
parental constant infectious successive
informal important enormous consumptive
scandal dependent monstrous offensive
continental incidental monumental
logic historic gigantic dialectic pessimistic
physic genetic phonetic scientific optimistic
plastic specific synthetic telephonic sympathetic
symbolic terrific
contrary credible comparable complementary
passable playable conceivable documentary
reliable sensible convertible satisfactory
readable suitable remarkable
laboratory
literary, secretary, creditable, memorable, temporary
Answer the question about John?
What kind of person is he?
As far as I know John is curious but not … .
No doubt, he is practical …, … .
What activities does he prefer?
………………………………….
What about you?
………………………………….
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№ |
Rules
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Examples |
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1. |
В многосложных глаголах с суффиксами: -ate -ise/-ize -y ударение обычно падает на третий слог с конца. |
compensate advertise simplify |
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Безударные гласные в суффиксах -ate -ise/-ize -y читаются как в ударном открытом слоге (I type) -ate [eıt] -ise/-ize [aız] -y [aı]
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to 'demonstrate [streιt] to 'analyse [laιz] to 'fortify [faι] |
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! Ударение не изменится, если к таким глаголам добавить суффикс -er/-or или окончание -ing: 'organize – 'organizer – 'organizing | ||
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В многосложных глаголах с двумя односложными приставками или с двусложными приставками: over- inter-/intro- retro- contra-/counter- under- super- circum- ударение падает на последний слог.
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over'come retro'flex under'go inter'act contra'dict super'vise circum'spect |
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В многосложных глаголах без суффиксов и приставок ударение падает на второй слог с конца.
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con'tinue imagine astonish
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Activity 1. Read according to the patterns:
compensate advertise simplify
circulate analyze certify
dedicate colonize mystify
dominate summarize occupy
operate compromise fortify
overcome interact retroflex undergo
overplay interface retrogress understand
overprint intersect retrofit underplay
overheat introduce retrospect underline
overlook intervene undertake
supervise circumspect contradict counteract
supervene circumscribe contravene counterpoint
imagine remember develop
Answer the question.
What can we overcome?
certify?
simplify?
advertise?
develop?
Activity 2. A. Put the words in the box into the correct column according to the
stress pattern in each.
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sixty sixteen correct fantasy fantastic advertisement advertise inform information educate education photography photo photographic image imagine significant banana
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a
b
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sixty |
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c |
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d |
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e |
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f |
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