Subject Index

ABA (American Bar Association), 187 accountability, 528, 632, 677

action arena, 825, 828, 829, 830, 832, 834, 841, 842

adaptability, 200, 252, 253, 261, 262, 264, 266, 271, 272, 273

adaptation, 9, 47, 48, 51, 52, 53, 61, 197, 200, 216, 229, 233, 239, 246, 247, 285, 290, 291, 299, 300, 321, 322, 326, 327, 328, 329, 331, 337, 338, 377, 423, 426, 438, 492, 504, 524, 525, 591, 593, 595, 600, 601, 624, 629, 630, 632, 634, 646, 647, 661,

administrative costs, 286, 291, 293, 294, 311

Administrative Procedure Act, 535 administrative procedures, 13, 320, 520, 530,

532, 534, 535, 537, 684, adoption of innovation, 417

adverse selection, 292, 365, 403, 734, 736 advertising, 54, 188, 189, 194, 215, 218,

328, 423, 425, 445, 501, 597, 602, 823 Africa, 93, 110, 223, 258, 259n., 575, 612,

616, 617, 618, 620, 622, 630, 639, 640, 733, 744, 773

agency

problems, 11, 253, 254, 353, 361–2, 730, 738, 745

relationship, 196 theory, 281, 290

agenda control, 99, 107, 129, 131, 132, 133, 134, 137

agenda powers, 106–7, 131, 140 agricultural contracts, 12, 465–86

features, 467 structure, 12 contracts, 473, 478–86

agriculture, 12, 58, 125, 128–9, 234n., 448n., 449, 455, 465–81, 486, 603, 615, 617, 619, 620, 625, 629, 620, 625

aid, 192, 368, 611, 621, 622, 631, 632, 633, 669, 765

air pollution, 564–8 open-access problem, 564–6

regulation, political economy of, 565n.

transaction costs and solutions, 564–6 tradable pollution permits, 566–8

Alcoa v. Essex, 495

alliances, 73, 76, 80, 81, 281, 295n., 296, 302, 389, 390, 412, 438, 447, 448, 449, 745, 845

Amazon, 552, 574, 575, 576, 580, 583, 584, 586, 587

Amerada Hess v. Orange & Rockland Utilities, Inc., 492, 506, 508

American federal system, 160, 164, 167, 168

American Law and Economics Association, 241n.

American Law Institute, 241 Anglo-American common law, 198, 199 aquifers, 14, 545, 546

arbitration, 16, 53, 192, 199, 206, 214, 216–18, 219, 224, 225, 291, 335, 678, 680, 740

Argentina, 102, 102n., 105, 116, 128, 159, 531n., 629, 634

constitutional reforms, 111, 114 democracy, 95

macroeconomic imbalances, 154 parliamentary system, 96 presidential system, 115 privatization, 521n.

850 Subject Index

arrondissement, 71, 72, 80

Asia, 93, 96, 110, 223, 374, 617, 618, 620, 621, 624, 639, 640, 773, 793,

asset specificity, 10, 12, 47, 51, 52, 53, 56, 310, 312, 321, 326–33, 338, 341, 342, 343, 402, 405, 412, 413, 437, 438, 439, 440, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456

dedicated assets, 328 human, 328 intangible assets, 328 physical, 327

site specificity, 327

asymmetric information, 175, 208, 332, 502, 551, 745

auction, 57, 305

Australia, 93, 126n., 223, 246, 265 settler colonies, 265

system of registration, 246 voting pattern, 128

Austrian civil codes, 258

authority, 5, 70, 91, 92, 96, 97, 98, 102–8, 116, 128, 131, 132, 136, 140, 150, 151, 153, 155, 156, 161, 162, 163, 165, 166, 169, 170, 180, 182, 188, 190, 194, 231, 234, 283, 287, 289, 301, 302, 309, 334, 335, 358, 359, 368, 371, 382, 403, 554, 560, 586, 737, 752, 772, 774, 805, 830, 834, 835, 836, 839

Bangladesh, 93, 624, 710, 719 Bank of San Giorgio, 759

bankruptcy, 11, 154, 195, 243, 253, 254, 349, 366, 377, 385, 386–7, 441, 500, 501, 629, 647, 682, 771

bargaining, 14, 44, 59, 99, 100, 101, 106, 108, 194, 195, 208, 321, 322, 326, 328, 329, 330, 332, 334, 335, 338, 379, 388, 391, 412, 426, 439, 444, 449, 452, 477, 478, 495, 549, 550, 556, 562, 563, 564, 565, 567, 568, 739, 760, 823, 824, 840

barriers to entry, 325, 591, 598

barter, 14, 35, 592, 594, 594n., 595, 604, 613

Bavaria, 256

Belgium, 71, 72, 80, 93, 393, 640 legal system, 259

electoral systems 72

beliefs, 1, 2, 3, 15, 21, 24, 26, 27, 179, 205, 305, 440, 580, 582, 587, 611, 612, 615, 617, 618, 622, 623–4, 625, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 734, 762, 797, 811

benevolent government, 150, 151, 154, 156, 169

Better Business Bureau, 216, 218, 713, 740, 744, 745

bicameralism, 81

black market activity, 626n. blackboard economics, 33 Bloor v. Falstaf, 492, 500–503

Board, 56, 207, 267, 371, 372, 373, 374, 377, 379, 380–81, 383, 387, 388, 390, 396, 446, 792, 798, 822, 830

Bolivia, 93, 110, 115n., 598n., 657, 659 boundary rules, 633, 834, 835, 836

bounded rationality, 1, 12, 46, 282, 286, 322, 403, 407, 408, 409, 410, 416, 425, 426, 668, 829

Bourse of Amsterdam, 742

Brazil, 93, 95, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 110, 113, 124, 133n., 154, 579, 582, 584, 585, 586, 599, 652, 653, 657, 659

constitutional reforms, 111 democracy, 95

electoral rule, 124 forest policies, 586

macroeconomic imbalances, 154 parliamentarism, 95

property rights, 599

bribes, 69, 82, 85, 183, 185, 188, 376, 599, 611, 708

bright-line, 256, 273

Britain, 15, 74, 76, 126, 138, 139, 165, 384, 601, 639, 641, 642, 643, 644, 651, 652, 653

broadcasting, 601 constitutional structure, 139

British

civil law, 257

common law, 261, 266, 271 electoral evidence, 76 electorate, 138

House of Commons, 74, 124, 126 House of Lords, 133n.

legal origins, 264, 265 legal system, 219

Parliament, 137, 530 politics, 139

Tory Party, 138 Bulgaria, 93, 96, 110, 675

bureaucracy, 49, 51, 52, 53, 184, 185, 198, 210, 255, 290, 321, 323, 337, 338, 350, 357, 358, 359, 367, 368, 374, 438, 517, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 586, 591, 598n., 617, 621, 627, 630, 650, 677, 680, 687, 737, 752, 767, 803, 807, 808, 811

Byzantine Empire, 687, 731, 753

cabinet, 70, 92, 94, 95, 96, 99, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 132, 133, 134, 135, 138, 528

Canada, 77, 93, 163, 246, 468, 470, 471, 532, 575, 617, 619, 652, 653, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660

administrative agencies, 532 agricultural contracts, 468, 471 federalism, 163

system of registration, 246 Canon law, 236, 237

capital, 11, 12, 16, 24, 57, 152, 157, 166, 180, 183, 184, 185, 187, 189, 191, 194, 196, 209, 212, 214, 215, 236, 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271, 295, 297, 298, 302, 307, 326, 328, 333, 334, 365, 377, 378, 379, 381, 385, 386, 388, 393–6, 437, 439, 445, 448, 472, 484, 485, 486, 494, 519, 552, 558, 561, 604, 612, 616, 620, 624, 625, 634, 641, 642, 644, 651, 656, 660, 675, 676, 684, 686, 693, 701, 735, 748, 754, 760, 801, 802, 813, 838

intensity, 439 markets, 379 structure, 385

capitalism, 175, 207, 401, 642, 642n., 650, 667, 678, 778, 792, 809

Caribbean, 536, 537, 617, 650, 652, 660 case law, 232, 236, 241, 242, 246, 255, 261,

271, 272

cash posters, 360, 362

cash rent, 12, 469, 470, 471, 476, 478, 480, 481, 482, 486

contract, 469, 481 cropshare leases and, 470

Charles IV, 771

Charles V, 772

Subject Index 851

Chile, 80, 93, 95, 102, 106, 110, 162, 521n., 598n., 630, 631, 653, 657, 658, 659

Concertacion,´ 80 democracy, 95, 106, 162 parliamentarism, 95 Pinochet dictatorship, 629

presidential budget authority in, 106 presidential elections, 102

China, 28, 139, 159, 161, 259, 616, 625, 629, 630, 669, 676, 688–90, 692, 694, 708, 727, 729, 747, 752, 756, 764, 766–8, 777, 795, 807, 808, 809, 810

commercial law, 259 economic change, 28 entrepreneurship, 773 federal system, 629, 630 fiscal decentralization, 161 imperial China, 744 low-trust societies, 708 managerial incentives, 690

Manchurian Qing dynasty, 752 market preserving federalism, 630 opium war, 746

political development, 768 sources of revenue, 159

township and village enterprises, 631n. transitional institutions, 690

Zhou dynasty, 766 choice and contract, 41–5

sciences of, 42–5 Christian Democrats, 81 Churchill, Winston, 602

CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States), 672, 673n., 681, 682, 686

civil code law, 8,

civil code systems, 177, 195, 198, 200, 206, 585

civil law, 8, 9, 176, 182, 184, 190, 198, 219, 220, 229–33, 235, 236, 237–47, 256, 257, 259, 260–68, 272, 618, 619, 647, 808

countries, 261 jurisdictions, 245

systems, 8, 9, 184, 191n., 198, 219, 241, 263, 229, 230, 232

see also code law; common law

civil liberties, 8, 138n., 222, 626, 627, 626n., 627

Clean Air Act (1970), 565, 566

852 Subject Index

coal, 52n., 327, 337, 342, 343, 447, 455, 498, 500, 565, 595, 641

Coase theorem, 36, 208, 481, 491 code law, 8, 198, 206, 219–25

coercion, 16–17, 552, 592, 599, 613, 705–6, 727–76

constraining institutions, 16, 705, 706, 725–39

coercive power, 16, 17, 181, 547, 564, 727, 728, 729, 737, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 753–5, 757–9, 761, 763–78

cognitive science, 2, 26, 811, 812 Colombia, 93, 102, 104, 107, 110, 622 colonial heritage, 617–31 colonialism, 621, 624, 645, 752 command, 10, 24, 29, 137, 287, 289,

290–94, 297, 568

Commercial Code, 236, 241, 243, 258, 266, 492, 504, 629, 767

commercializing new products, 414, 416–25 commitment, 6, 13, 49, 51, 53, 55, 79, 111,

141, 175–200, 209, 213, 290, 294, 298, 300, 307, 343, 727–78

committee system, 126, 132, 133, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140

commodity contract, 496, 499 common and code law, 222–3 common forest and property rights,

deforestation of, 547n.

common law, 8, 9, 176, 177, 195, 197, 198, 200, 217, 224, 229–31, 239, 239n., 240, 259, 263

code law and, 219–23 countries, 261, 264, 266n. evolution, 233–5, 240 jurisdictions, 245

legal systems, 177

see also civil law; code law

common pool, 7, 14, 150, 153, 154, 158, 160, 161, 163–4, 166–7, 169, 545–68, 715, 822, 826, 827, 836, 838–41

state regulation of, 564–8 regulation of, 557–61, 566 resources, 545–68

wastes, 551n.

common property, 546, 547, 556, 821, 834, 840

common resource, regulation of, 561–8 commons, 14, 211, 403, 546–7, 549–57,

557, 559–62, 565, 568, 573, 577, 578

information and measurement problems, 554

tragedy of, 551

transaction costs and solutions, 552 communalism, 762, 764, 766, 767, 776,

778

communism, 25, 28, 29, 34, 91, 96, 105, 109, 667, 676, 685, 809, 810

Compania Naviera Asiatic v. The Burmah Oil Co., 499

compensation, 14, 56, 60, 179, 183, 185, 186, 213, 225, 335–7, 353–6, 362–3, 365, 367, 380, 383–4, 388, 390, 474, 494, 500, 502, 550, 554, 556, 585, 593, 655, 707

competition, 2, 7, 22–3, 25, 34, 37, 43, 57, 69–86, 91, 100, 117, 126, 150, 152, 155, 157, 169, 191, 221–2, 296, 387, 387, 536n., 602, 614, 625, 632, 682, 742, 753

competitive market, 10, 53, 193, 296, 302, 336, 617, 802, 835, 837, 838, 845

concentrated ownership, 270, 271, 390–91 confidence votes, 6, 94, 96, 99, 116, 134 conflict, 43, 55, 94, 95, 101, 104, 105, 107,

112, 116, 162, 182, 259, 295, 296, 299, 301, 335, 385, 435, 522, 554, 563, 584, 585, 586, 617, 621–3, 627, 654, 702, 749, 753, 767, 773

Congo, 110, 265

Congress, 91, 96, 100, 101, 104, 105, 106, 113, 114, 125, 127, 128, 130, 140, 165, 531–3, 586, 603, 824

Conseil d’Etat, 238

constitution, 6, 26, 91, 94, 95, 96, 99, 105, 106, 111–12, 115–16, 131, 155, 162, 164, 165–8, 532, 579, 585, 629, 656, 842

constitutional economics, 43 constitutional monarchy, 771, 772, 777 continental law, 235–6

contingency theory, 349, 359–60

contract, 45, 47, 320, 394–5, 445–9, 467, 469, 481, 484, 515, 605, 708

complete, 175, 196 contingent, 320, 322 description, 468–74 duration, 52n.

enforcement, 16, 166, 176, 251, 491–510, 614, 727–47, 776

contract law 1, 48, 176, 177, 179, 192, 193, 195, 208, 209, 224, 335, 388–9, 493, 535–7

contractual arrangements, 12–13, 44, 46, 53–4, 197, 299–300, 308–9, 322, 333, 343, 447–9

contractual commitments, 175–200, 343, 366, 713

problem of, 178–81

control, 10, 48, 51, 69, 83, 96–9, 107, 123–39, 155, 156n., 188, 220, 233–5, 253, 262–3, 269, 272, 283, 290–93, 299, 311, 334, 338, 392, 445, 467, 564–5, 593–7, 602n., 687, 760

convention, 17, 26, 99, 301, 405, 656, 702, 804, 811

cooperation, 47, 284, 292, 350, 362–7, 414–15

cooperatives, 22, 54, 295n., 741, 744, 822 coordination, 7, 34, 45, 69–81, 161–3, 182,

288–91, 295, 299, 302, 407, 435, 445, 452, 702

corporate finance, 251, 253, 261, 268, 269–71

corporate governance, 11, 16, 371–97, 670, 685–8

basic institutions, 377–8 problems, 372–7

corporate institutions, 376, 392, 393–6 corporate law, 11, 195, 244, 268, 372, 375,

384–5, 388–9, 396 see also civil law

corruption, 7, 14, 113, 154, 183, 185, 186, 188, 199, 223, 583, 599–600, 673, 677, 678, 687, 738, 767

Costa Rica, 93, 102, 102n., 110, 622, 657, 658, 660

costs, 4, 10, 12–14, 21, 34–8, 49, 50, 52n., 54–5, 59–60, 105, 125, 165, 184,

Subject Index 853

194, 208, 231, 245, 261n., 272, 282, 284–6, 290–93, 299–300, 303–6, 310–11, 321–44, 360, 372, 374, 376, 378, 381, 390–91, 394, 404–5, 409, 423, 436, 438, 451, 454, 469, 474–86, 496, 506, 519–20, 525, 546–59, 561–6, 578–9, 596, 598, 604–5, 613, 615

courts, 13, 48, 134, 163, 176, 178, 181–6, 190–91, 192, 199, 206–8, 211, 213, 216, 219, 221, 222, 225, 231–2, 238, 255–9, 263, 272, 491, 499, 504, 508, 532, 533, 623, 678, 679, 680, 684–6, 756, 774

credible commitment, 49, 51, 53, 55, 307, 366–7, 404, 412, 414, 424, 426, 576, 600, 646, 662, 702, 706–11

credit, 195, 207, 209, 237, 253, 265, 266, 269, 494, 586, 592, 684, 711, 713, 733, 740, 741, 744, 745, 774

criminal law, 206, 207–9, 679 Croatia, 96, 110

cropshare vs. cash rent, 480–82 Cultural Revolution, 259

culture, 24, 260, 265, 269, 357, 368, 389, 614, 623, 641, 643, 709

Czech Republic, 29, 258, 683, 686, 687, 691

debt, 56, 164, 195, 253, 267, 311, 378, 385, 386, 718

debtors, 237, 267, 648, 706, 713 decentralization, 32, 140, 156, 159, 161,

231, 394, 647, 674, 689, 822

decree, 6, 103–5, 107, 132, 134, 217, 218, 586

dedicated assets, 297, 328, 439, 447 default rules, 196, 230, 236, 237, 479–80,

486, 505

delegation, 128, 129, 136–8, 196, 311, 334, 366, 527, 530–32, 756–7, 764

democracy, 5, 69, 70, 74, 76, 91, 94, 96, 97, 100, 111, 160, 167, 192, 366, 391, 626–9, 678, 709

Denmark, 93, 126n., 128, 129, 393, 640, 681, 703

deregulation, 57–60, 603 deterrence, 194, 732, 742, 749, 764

854 Subject Index

development, 7–9, 12–13, 15–18, 26–9, 31, 42, 56, 58, 95, 125, 166, 169, 175–7, 184–6, 188–9, 191–3, 196–9, 223, 229–30, 232–9, 243, 247, 251–73, 283, 286, 293–4, 305, 309–12, 328, 339, 402–3, 405–12, 414–15, 419, 422–4, 598–600, 611–34, 639–45, 652–6, 661, 676–81, 688–90, 720–21, 727–9, 747–8, 765–76, 790, 792, 795, 807, 821, 826–30

diffusion theory, 417–19, 421

discretion, 8, 105, 115, 133, 192, 229, 231, 233, 235, 237, 238, 246, 247, 255, 256, 261, 267, 385, 387, 492, 503–9, 515, 517, 524, 527, 529, 530

discrimination, 54, 323, 324, 592, 598–9, 806

dispute resolution, 4, 48, 53, 192, 199–200, 216

dissipation of rents, 579

distribution, 24, 37, 54–5, 70, 82, 116, 123, 164, 242, 267, 299, 321, 334, 335, 359, 380–81, 404–5, 422, 424, 444–5, 485, 503, 546, 548, 550, 560, 568, 649, 661, 668

divided governments, 100, 102, 530, 531, 534

division of labor, 282, 284, 325, 821 Dominican Republic, 93, 102 Dutch legal system, 259

Dutch Republic, 773

East Germany, 676

Eastern Europe, 16, 27, 29, 33, 37, 640, 667, 669, 673, 676, 677, 681, 684, 686, 690–92, 796, 808, 810, 836

EBRD, 676, 678, 680, 686, 690, 691 economic development, 2, 15, 21, 25–8, 58,

95, 166, 175, 177, 223, 265, 266, 596, 620, 641, 644, 652, 661, 677, 678, 691, 796

economic differences, 639–62 economic exchange, 706, 730, 812 economic growth, 15, 23, 149, 166, 169,

205, 211, 212, 213, 223, 243, 251, 401, 580, 627, 641, 691

economic planning, 34

economic power, 687, 729, 745, 753–9, 766 economic sociology, 17, 789–811

economies of scale, 153, 154, 293, 319, 372, 394, 422, 423, 518, 519, 536, 823, 824

Ecuador, 93, 95, 102, 104, 110, 113, 115, 657, 658

efficiency, 21, 22, 33, 54, 57, 108, 177, 191, 195, 206, 211, 216, 219–24, 229, 230, 239–45, 254, 270, 289, 292, 293, 321–3, 326, 334, 352, 358–9, 362, 381n., 448, 597, 630n., 689, 701n., 736, 744, 750

Egypt, 596, 616

El Salvador, 93, 102, 110, 622

election, 5, 16, 69, 70, 76, 77–80, 81, 85, 92, 94, 100–102, 112–14, 117, 139, 162, 167, 823–4

electoral coordination, 74–7 electoral cycles, 102

electoral district, 71, 73, 75, 78 electoral persuasion, 81–4

electoral rules, 5, 70, 71–4, 82–5, 97, 124, 128, 139, 526, 527, 611, 706

electoral system, 5, 70–75, 77, 81, 82, 83, 85, 97, 102, 139, 530

embeddedness, 600, 601, 790–92

empirical analysis, 4, 52, 205, 319, 339, 344, 345, 732, 792

empirical research, 51, 52, 285, 306, 320, 339, 354, 438–42, 451, 453, 836

employer and employee, 195, 236, 350, 353, 379n.

employment, 195, 288, 289, 336, 350, 351, 357, 368, 391–2, 600, 616, 682–3, 706, 735, 806

endogeneity, 244, 447, 478n., 646, 709 endowment, 212, 265, 269, 288, 289, 529,

576, 617, 620, 625, 649, 652, 656, 658, 767

enforcement, 4, 7, 9, 16, 17, 22, 28, 29,166, 175, 176, 177, 178–81, 188, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 206, 208, 209, 214, 216, 218, 223, 231, 237, 245, 253, 267, 284, 302, 305, 322, 332, 396, 475, 479, 480, 491–509, 524, 527, 574, 586, 689, 708, 712, 714, 727–47, 766, 806, 833

England, 8, 187, 211, 231, 233, 235, 239, 246, 255, 257, 263, 268, 449, 482, 615, 617, 622, 764, 768, 771, 773

common law, 8, 231 degree of discretion, 235 institutional change in, 239 institutional history of, 773 political changes, 268

English common law system, 176, 216, 223, 233, 234, 257, 258

English Parliament, 234, 234n., 760 entrepreneur, 16, 22, 25, 26, 45, 269, 288,

290, 293, 303, 356, 367, 387–8, 426, 436, 600, 604, 693, 790, 793–5, 812

entry, 69, 70, 75, 85, 324, 325, 421, 422, 425, 546–8, 551–2, 558–9, 561, 598–9, 659, 745

environmental regulation, 153, 209, 337, 507, 565n.

Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Law, 806

equilibrium, 23, 70, 77, 84, 85, 98, 163, 304, 338, 361–5, 368, 402, 426, 450n., 515, 523–31, 534–5, 592, 600, 604, 612, 715, 732, 733n., 749–53, 757–9, 774, 804, 825n., 835, 844

equipment contracting, 471–3, 483–6 equity, 9, 56, 253, 267, 268, 269, 270, 311,

386, 425, 446, 447, 549, 561, 680 finance, 56

joint ventures vs. market contracts, 413

Erie Railroad v. Tompkins, 222 Estonia, 93, 675

Europe, 8, 16, 33, 37, 91, 93, 96, 98, 110, 125, 137, 179, 219, 223, 232, 234, 235, 239, 247, 254–60, 371, 376, 390–93, 482, 614, 615, 619, 621, 624, 631, 640, 690n., 727, 761, 770, 793

legal systems, 254–8 parliamentary systems, 98, 99 politics, 390

exchange, 35, 36, 37 economic, 706, 730, 812

impersonal, 29, 592, 596, 614, 727, 736, 743–4, 746, 764–5, 774

market, 48, 205–25, 475, 592, 595 personalized, 592, 596

voluntary, 42, 302, 491, 599, 730 Exchequer, 221

executive compensation, 356, 383–4 experimental evidence, 208, 703, 704, 708,

715, 717

Subject Index 855

expropriation, 212, 253, 270, 329, 338, 396, 451, 519, 520, 585, 586, 677, 748

externalities, 22, 153, 207, 209, 236, 242, 289, 323, 418, 423, 518, 549–50, 562–3, 576, 704, 711, 835

factor endowments, 620, 625, 644n., 651, 652, 654, 656

farm labor, 466, 474, 479, 485

farming, 465, 466, 470–75, 479, 484, 485 Federal Arbitration Act, 199

federal system, 6, 141, 149, 150, 153, 155, 157, 159,170, 225, 629

federalism, 6, 7, 81, 84, 149–64, 165, 167–8, 517, 616, 629, 630

economic classics, 150–53 economic performance, 149 economic theories, 149, 151–5 performance and stability, 149–70 structure, 151

theory, 169

under New Constitution, 165–7 Federalist, 7, 154, 156, 161, 165, 167, 629

Federalist Papers, 165, 506

Feld v. Hentry S. Levy & Sons, Inc., 505 Feld v. Levy, 492

FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission), 448

fiduciary obligations, 196

finance, 17, 43, 54, 56–7, 59, 78, 158, 164, 209, 219, 251–73, 311, 385, 446, 457, 583, 630, 654, 686, 718, 752, 795

financial development, 251–73, 717 legal institutions and, 251–73 legal origin and, 266

legal theories of, 253–66

financial markets, 230, 243, 251, 253, 254, 260, 261, 264, 268, 269, 273, 615, 646, 686

financial property rights, 689

firms, 4, 9, 10, 11, 22, 33, 34, 38, 48, 54, 55, 188–9, 214, 215, 218, 266–7, 269–71, 281, 282, 286–96, 307, 309, 310, 319, 323, 325, 335, 336, 343, 345, 349–67, 372, 374, 378, 379, 382, 386, 389, 390–92, 394–5, 401–27, 440, 443–4, 449, 453, 472, 494, 562, 594–7, 667–94, 740, 792–4, 798

856 Subject Index

firms (cont.)

changing rules and behavior, 681–8 cooperation and teamwork, 350 principal-agent problems in, 349–69 reaction to changing policies in the

short-term, 681–8

specific human capital investments, 365

fiscal federalism, 158, 161, 517

Fisher Body, 213, 309–10, 337, 345, 439, 442, 446, 456

fisheries, 545, 548, 551, 557–61, 568

formal institutions, 1, 22, 578, 599, 601, 629, 634, 667, 678, 702, 711–20, 804–5

see also informal institutions

forward integration into distribution, 52n., 54–5, 444–5

Foss v. Harbottle, 271

France, 80, 93, 95n., 104, 109–10, 198, 244, 255–62, 268, 393, 482, 640, 708, 761, 771, 776

civil law, 8 common law, 258

economic performance, 244 legal system, 260

level of influence on diffusion, 420 political changes, 268

presidential elections, 80, 109 rule making power, 232 traditionally unified governments,

534

water regulation, 534n. see also French

franchising, 11, 295, 295n., 297, 342, 414, 448

Frankfurt Stock Exchange, 304

Frederic Barbarossa, 769, 770 free-rider, 374, 381, 754, 756, 838–9 French

educational system, 630

legal systems, 258–9, 264–5, 679 Revolution, 255, 631, 760 system of registration, 246, 257 see also France

French Caribbean, 258

French civil code/law, 176, 223, 243, 255, 257, 258, 262, 263, 266–8, 272, 618, 640n.

Fujimori, 101, 104, 111–15

game theory, 731, 732, 732n., 792, 800, 809, 811, 826–7, 831

gatekeeper, 124n., 125, 409, 414, 576 gate-keeping, 136, 377, 380–81, 383 Genoa, 623, 749n., 759

Georgia, 96, 110, 659, 682

German civil code/law, 176, 223, 238, 243, 256, 258–62, 266, 268, 271, 272

German law, 184, 244, 258, 262, 264, 265, 679

Germany, 255–7, 382, 420, 582, 750, 776 constitution, 134

financial institutions, 383 high-trust societies, 708 parliamentary election, 80 political changes, 268 political system, 709 voting pattern, 128

globalization, 612, 746

Glorious Revolution (1688), 621, 622, 768, 775

GM-Fisher Body case, 442

relationship, 337, 345

good faith, 200, 217, 242, 412, 492, 493, 504–10

governance, 10–14, 43–6, 48–51, 55, 56, 57, 58, 282, 285–7, 290, 296, 297, 298, 299–302, 320–23, 326, 333–44, 371–95, 407, 412, 414, 437, 440–41, 445, 451, 516, 518, 521, 523–5, 529–37, 597, 681, 685–8, 756, 772

forms of, 300–302 modes of, 10 structures, 48

government, 91–117, 149, 192–3 benevolent, 150–51, 154, 156, 169 crises, 108–16

divided, 100, 102, 530–31, 534 expenditures, 626n. traditionally unified, 534

government opportunism, 13, 517, 518, 522 contrasting firm, 522–53

performance implications of, 520–22 Grameen Bank, 746

Greece, 93, 258, 598n., 769 Grossman-Hart-Moore theory, 456 group membership, 614, 711, 718–20

Guatemala, 93, 101–2, 110, 113, 622

Guyana, 258

Habsburg Empire, 258

Hanseatic League, 745

hard budget constraint, 154, 163, 164, 165, 170

heterogeneity, 138, 295, 443–4, 452, 554, 559, 624, 702, 713, 715–18, 774, 840

problem of, 559 social, 715–18

hierarchy, 6, 10, 38, 47, 48–51, 135, 283, 287, 289, 293, 307, 357, 414, 446

governance mechanisms, 333 monitoring, 357–8 organizations, 323, 336

holding companies, 320 holdup

defined, 213

problem, 436, 442, 446, 453, 454, 479 Hong Kong

colonial heritage, 619 low-trust societies, 708

rent control system, 593, 594

human capital, 12, 24, 180, 183–5, 187, 189, 191, 194, 196, 199, 212, 328, 334, 365, 367, 439, 442, 444, 454, 578, 611, 615, 620, 625, 634, 656, 684, 693, 754

Hungary, 80, 93, 258, 686, 687, 691 hybrid arrangements, 6, 286, 294–302, 548 hybrid regimes, 92, 97, 104, 116–17 hybrids, 6, 49, 51, 53, 92, 95–7, 282, 294,

295–9, 301, 307, 309, 437, 438, 446, 448–9

Iceland, 93, 560, 561n.

illicit responses to regulation, 591–606 discrimination, 598–9

private coercion, 599

underground economic activity, 598 imperfect information, 492, 605 Imperial Valley Water District, 583 impersonal exchange, 29, 592, 596, 614,

727, 736, 743–4, 746, 764–5, 774 incentives, 1–7, 11–12, 37, 43, 48, 51n., 81,

149–51, 156–60, 162, 169, 178, 179, 184, 190, 209, 290–91, 311, 322, 326, 329, 332–8, 350–60, 366–7, 381, 386, 517, 520–23, 806

Subject Index 857

income equality, 16, 621, 624, 721 incomplete contracts, 46, 47, 196, 319, 322,

326–33, 335, 435, 452, 456 independent judiciary, 27, 527, 533–4, 630 independent military organizations, 759, 760 India, 77, 93, 155, 159, 223, 619, 624, 625,

628, 631, 656, 707, 710, 720 individualism, 763, 764, 765, 769, 776, 799 Indochina, legal system, 258

Indonesia, 109, 110, 582, 718, 720 industrial organization, 31, 38, 52, 241, 302,

323, 339, 344, 453

Industrial Revolution, 233, 234, 639, 776 industrialization, 619, 623, 625, 768 inequality, 618, 625, 652, 656, 658, 660,

717, 796

informal agreements, 449–50, 455 informal economy, 598

informal institutions, 1, 22, 25, 578, 624, 628, 704, 713, 721, 799–804

see also formal institutions

informal norms, 22, 25, 28, 191, 198, 592, 600, 604, 713, 721, 798

informal rules, 17, 266, 546, 592, 600, 630, 632, 701, 803

information, 127, 183, 292, 546, 554 asymmetric, 175, 208, 332, 502, 551, 745 disclosure, 11, 53, 55, 267, 383, 384, 387 distribution, 381

imperfect, 492, 605 revelation, 100

institutional change, 4, 15–17, 22–4, 26, 29, 239, 311, 550, 553–4, 556, 575, 577, 600, 623, 629, 631, 706, 758, 842

institutional development, 247, 265, 269, 611–34, 645, 652, 656, 661, 669, 674, 676–81, 688–90, 692

institutional entrepreneurs, 16, 693, 694 institutional environment, 4, 10, 11, 180, 188, 190, 197, 282, 283n., 299, 426,

438, 516, 518, 523, 530, 601, 630, 667, 669, 684, 713

institutional frameworks, 15, 22, 24, 527, 629, 633, 644, 648, 674, 801, 807, 826–27

institutional legitimacy, 389–93, 397 institutional quality, determinants of, 625 institutional reform, 102, 630, 633, 670n.,

676, 687–8, 694

858 Subject Index

institutionalism

in economic sociology, 797, 800, 801, 805, 807

in organizational analysis, 797 institutions, 21

and organizations, interaction between, 22

challenges involved in studying, 822–6 corporate, 376, 392, 393–6

definitions of, 802, 823 development of, 678–81

formal, 1, 22, 578, 599, 601, 629, 634, 667, 678, 702, 711–20, 804–5

informal, 1, 22, 25, 578, 624, 628, 704, 713, 721, 799–804

legal, 7–9, 175–200, 205, 206, 223–5, 244, 251–73, 391, 650, 684

market, 229–47, 613, 623, 676–81 political (Russian), 96, 104, 105, 163 private-order, 16, 199, 208, 214, 731,

732–6, 739–47, 759, 760, 763, 776–7

protect property and persons, 615–16 public-order, 16, 728–9, 737–46, 761–5,

771–2, 774–5, 776–8 under parliamentarism, 97

integration, 10, 34, 41, 45–6, 52–5, 60, 138, 150, 168, 179, 283, 293, 295, 297, 301, 307, 310, 319–44, 405, 408, 411, 414, 426, 437, 440–56, 494, 592, 595, 604, 739, 743, 764, 768

integration and R&D, 443

intellectual property, 189, 209, 211, 413, 615, 654

interdependence, 296

interest groups, 156, 198, 220, 261, 263, 518, 532, 534–5, 554, 592, 600–604

internal organization, 45, 50, 53, 128, 311, 320, 321, 327, 329, 332–41, 454, 667, 746, 773

international commercial law, 216 International Country Risk Guide (ICRG),

677

International Society for New Institutional Economics (ISNIE), 619n., 821

Investment, 23, 320, 322, 323, 326, 328–32 distortions, 333, 343

incentives, 327, 338 underinvestment, 454

investor protection laws, 243, 251–4, 264, 265, 266, 269–71, 686

Irish parliament, 137 Israel, 80, 93, 95n., 772

Italy, 80, 252, 615, 624, 703, 772 legal system, 258

low-trust societies, 708 political system, 709 property rights, 599 rule making power, 232

Ivory Coast, 265

Jamaica, 93, 536, 620, 655

Jamaican Public Utilities Act (1966), 537n. Japan, 382, 557, 598n., 768

civil code, 258 common law, 259

financial institutional, 383 high-trust societies, 708 LDP, 80, 125n., 528 Meiji era, 807

political system, 72, 73, 79, 139, 232, 536

traditionally unified governments, 534 voting pattern, 129

Japanese Diet, 124, 125

joint ventures, 196, 281, 320, 413, 425, 455 judge, 8, 9, 111, 181–6, 188, 190–94, 196–9, 217, 219, 220–22, 229–45, 255–6,

258–61, 271–2, 301, 385, 395, 403, 455, 491–3, 501, 503, 509, 680, 710, 738, 751, 835

rulemaking discretion, 232 judicial bribery, 185

judicial discretion, 8, 192, 229–47, 255, 256 judicial failures, 183, 186

judicial human capital, 185, 199 judicial interpretation/discretion, 8, 135,

195

juries, use of, 232

jurisprudence, 231–3, 238, 242–3, 255–7, 258–9, 263, 272

Kenya, 575, 620, 717, 721, 822

Korea, 93, 110, 259, 600, 708

labor, 35, 55–8, 192, 195, 209, 284, 311, 358, 379, 391, 467, 579, 650–51, 655

contracts, 473–4, 485

force, 24 law, 195 markets, 375

Labour Party, 76

Laredo Hides Co. Inc. v. H & H Meat Products Co., Inc., 499

Latin America, 93–6, 101, 102, 109, 111–12, 114–17, 163, 223, 264, 617, 629, 631, 640, 652, 658–60, 793

democracies, 94, 95 differences in federalism, 163 French civil law countries, 264 parliamentary system, 96 countries, 629

law and finance, 219, 251–4, 263–6, 268, 270, 271–3, 385

Law Merchant, 175, 216, 218, 221, 222, 225, 774

Law of the Sea Convention (1982), 558n. lawyer, 176, 182–3, 186–93, 197–9, 232,

349, 381, 479, 491, 493, 503, 774, 820 corruption, 188

courts and judicial oversight, 190–91 direct government regulation and service

provision, 192–3 legal education, 187–8

norms and practices of judicial reasoning, 191–2

professional organizations, 188–90 learning, 22, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 328, 402,

411, 412, 422, 439, 443, 611, 612, 615, 631, 757–9, 767, 823, 824, 841

legal environment, 177, 193–9, 231, 455 fees, 190

formalism, 273

laws governing the contracting environment, 194–7

procedural laws, 193–4

rulemaking and legal evolution, 197–9 legal institutions, 7–9, 175–200, 205, 206,

223–5, 244, 391, 650, 684 financial development and, 251–73 role in structuring an effective law of

contracts, 181–200

legal system, 3, 7–9, 16, 29, 37, 176, 177, 188, 205–25, 229–31, 233, 237, 239–40, 243–7, 598, 619, 630, 642, 676, 679, 680, 683, 685, 689, 737–9, 742–4, 774

Subject Index 859

Ancient Regime, 244 and finance, 251–73 common law origin, 223

competition among, 221–3 components of, 206–7 Europe’s, 254–8, 258–60 functions of, 207 market-oriented, 8

value of, 230

legislative, 5, 6, 70, 78, 80, 81, 91, 94–109, 113–17, 123–41, 193, 194, 198, 229, 231, 235, 241, 243, 256, 261, 268, 526–8, 530–33, 535, 536, 548, 573, 578, 644, 647, 737, 806, 832, 844

cartel, 139

controlling the agenda, 131–3 delegation and legislative process, 136–8 organization, 129, 131

procedural control, 134–5

resources and their allocation, 124–31 reversion control, 133–4

legislatures, 6, 8, 22, 70, 91, 94, 96, 98, 99, 102–9, 113–14, 124–41, 158, 198, 206, 219, 220, 230, 231, 255, 257, 259, 261, 263, 517, 526, 527, 528, 530–33, 535, 628, 820, 830, 834, 837, 844

Lex mercatoria, 222

see also Law Merchant

liberalization, 237, 671, 673, 674, 681, 689 licit responses to regulation, 592–8 Lithuania, 93, 96, 110

logrolls, 108, 124, 125, 136

long term contracts, 52n., 302, 320, 332, 337, 342, 437, 445, 449–52, 455, 494, 498, 503–9

Louisiana, 468, 470, 471, 472, 474, 479, 659 Low Countries, legal system, 258

macroeconomics, 154, 673 mafia, 599, 684

Maghribi traders, 17, 614, 623, 734, 735 majority system, 124, 138

make-or-buy, 11, 45, 50, 52, 294, 297, 435–57

maladaptation cost, 44, 47, 61, 436, 437n., 454

Mali, 109, 110

manager, 11, 33, 152, 176, 253, 270, 290–93, 298, 300, 303, 311, 333–5,

860 Subject Index

337, 349, 360, 365–8, 371–91, 393–6, 404, 408, 410, 425, 438, 440, 444, 446, 453, 474, 502, 548, 597, 687, 689, 690, 694, 706, 745, 833

market, 3–7, 11, 14, 16–17, 21, 32–9, 41, 43, 45–58, 105, 150, 151, 153, 155, 158–60, 165, 166, 169, 170, 176, 183, 186–9, 191–3, 195, 197, 198, 253, 254, 260–62, 264–73, 281, 302–8, 377–80, 445–57, 479, 484, 486, 494, 496–9, 502, 506–9, 536, 538, 566, 574–85, 597–8, 603, 605, 615–18, 626, 632, 641–2, 646–7, 651, 667, 673, 675, 679–80, 682, 686–7, 727–78

contracting, 307–8, 340, 341, 492, 505 culture, 368

exchange, 48, 205–25, 475, 592, 595 hierarchy, 38

imperfections, 319

mode of organization, 303–5 new market creation, 401–27 power, 12, 453, 456, 518, 522–3

transaction, 306, 320–23, 335, 337 market economy, 1, 29, 33, 229, 281, 304,

611, 631, 672, 674, 729, 747, 755, 756, 768, 796, 808, 809, 811

expansion and political development, 765 institutions, 229–47, 613, 623, 676–81 judicial system in, 8

legal institution of, 7–9 market-preserving federalism, 155, 630 political institutions, 761

marketing, 11, 166, 350, 401, 421–5, 444–5, 465, 467, 468, 480, 501, 503

Mauritius, 74, 655

measurement, 12, 244, 292, 306, 344, 345, 440, 444, 451, 453, 486, 495–500, 554–5, 596–8, 628, 811

mental models, 17, 24, 26, 668, 812 Merchants’ Law, 216, 218, 222, 225, 735,

774

methodological individualism, 799 Mexico, 93, 110, 129, 133n., 150, 155, 158,

159, 582, 629, 653, 657, 658, 659, 743, 754

banking center, 157, 158 colonial heritage, 619 political system, 534, 536, 709

microeconomics, 31, 32, 36, 251, 269, 281,

304, 319, 323, 601, 668, 673 military technology, 615, 749n., 752, 757,

770, 778

mirroring principle, 123–41

Missouri Furnace Co. v. Cochrane, 498, 499

Moldova, 96, 110

monetary policy (inflation), 626n., 672 money, 14, 35–6, 152, 178, 181, 214, 352,

354, 379, 383–5, 396, 404, 495, 578, 579, 587, 591–5, 598, 604–5, 679, 703, 704, 706, 708, 714, 741, 745, 759, 795

monitoring, 11, 56, 183, 284, 290, 298–9, 301, 320, 322, 333, 335, 337, 350–52, 354–6, 357–60, 361–3, 366–8, 436, 475, 477, 483, 546, 558, 565, 595, 597, 611, 687, 708–10, 715, 736, 740, 757, 801, 804–6, 824, 827, 833, 841, 844

monopoly, 54n., 57–8, 156, 157, 187, 207, 209, 213, 254, 257, 258, 329, 332, 378, 379, 435, 452, 519, 520, 536n., 599, 602, 615, 622, 648n., 742, 745, 748, 756, 772

moral hazard, 12, 100, 292, 351, 352, 361–7, 403, 475–8, 481, 483–6, 491, 632, 733, 734

mutual dependence, 285, 291, 297–8, 301, 449

Napoleonic Code, 237n., 255, 256, 259, 260, 262

Nash equilibrium, 361, 362, 364, 365, 524, 530

National Research Council (NRC), 822 Nature, 4, 32, 33, 35, 38, 41, 42, 281, 352,

394, 466, 475, 477, 485, 486, 727 Navigation Act, 773

negotiation, 34, 36, 104, 105, 107, 117, 188, 195–6, 199, 284, 290, 296, 305, 321, 326, 334, 367, 447, 494, 495, 500, 508–9, 549, 550, 554–5, 563–4, 567–8, 594

neoclassical economics, 2, 3, 41, 319, 323, 324, 538, 591, 600

networks, 16, 17, 295, 295n., 297, 298, 301, 413, 438, 445, 448, 449, 596, 605, 613–15, 623, 629, 685, 701–2, 710, 712, 714, 721, 734, 762, 767, 769, 791–6, 800, 802–5, 810–12

New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), 304, 305n., 741

New Zealand, 265, 532, 560, 561n. Nicaragua, 93, 102, 107, 110

Nipsco v Carbon Country, 495 non-standard contracting, 295, 323, 329,

340, 450

norms, 2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 16–18, 22, 25–9, 178, 180, 191–2, 194, 197–8, 232, 241–2, 304, 363, 366–7,

384, 390–91, 421, 449–50, 474, 524, 545–7, 587, 592, 600–601, 604, 611–16, 616–25, 627–34, 701–22, 734, 762, 789, 795, 797–808, 822, 824, 825, 828, 829, 831, 833, 841

Norway, 93, 128, 560, 561n., 640, 703

OECD, 92, 97, 391

oil, 385, 404, 443, 499, 502, 506, 507, 545, 546, 551, 553–5, 561–6, 568, 582, 595, 754, 840

open-access problem, 561–2

transaction costs and history of regulation, 562–3

unitization, 563–4 Oklahoma, 479n., 562, 563 old institutional economics, 2 open access, 14, 545–68, 573

opportunism, 11, 13, 46, 59, 213, 214, 299, 300, 322, 336, 389, 403, 412–14, 422, 426, 448, 522, 523, 555n., 809

optimality, 78–9, 127, 169, 207, 246, 330, 351, 352, 354, 360, 364, 497, 579–82, 670n., 736

Orange and Rockland Utilities, Inc. v. Amerada Hess Corporation, 492, 506, 508

organization arrangements, 1, 310–12 construction, 41, 48 incentives, 311 mechanisms, 179 structures, 605

supporting transactions, 308 theory, 281, 286

origin and dynamics of CCI and political institutions, 757

ostracism, 612, 613, 623, 702, 712, 715, 716, 719

Subject Index 861

outsourcing, 412, 435, 441, 444, 453, 456 ownership, 12–13, 53–4, 207–8, 212, 243, 245, 252, 264, 269–71, 288, 295, 311,

334, 359, 360, 364, 366, 368, 372–4, 381, 385, 388, 390–92, 395–6, 437, 438, 445–6, 454–5, 468, 471, 474, 476–7, 483–4, 501, 515, 518, 522, 536, 548–9, 552, 557, 560–61, 594, 597, 599, 681, 686–9, 693, 745

Papua New Guinea, 23, 77, 93 Paraguay, 93, 102, 110, 113

PARC (Policy Affairs Research Council), 125, 129, 132, 135, 139, 140

parliamentary system, 6, 80, 91–117, 132, 134–5, 527–8, 531, 534, 537

path dependence, 12, 22, 24–9, 406, 411, 414, 416, 420, 423, 426, 427, 600–604, 606, 668, 672, 812–13

payoff, 22, 23, 44, 61, 129, 179, 191, 331, 335, 351, 353, 358, 363, 402–3, 498, 526, 528, 529, 599–600, 615, 623, 625, 632, 690, 702, 715, 730, 750–51, 804, 809, 834–6

Peace of Constance, 771

per capita GDP, 639, 640, 653 personalized exchange, 592, 596

Peru, 93, 95, 96, 101–05, 110–15, 598, 653, 657, 658

Philippines, 93, 96, 110, 482, 523n. planned economy, 304, 836

Poland, 93, 96, 110, 258, 684, 686, 674, 687, 691, 761

policy, 5–6, 29, 31, 41, 42, 46, 52, 57–60, 69, 70, 81, 98–100, 102–9, 114, 116–17, 124–9, 131–40, 150–57, 161–2, 166–70, 177, 183, 186, 192, 206, 224, 230, 237, 239, 246, 339, 375, 382, 494, 515–17, 522–38, 554, 566, 581, 582, 601, 602, 628, 629, 639, 643, 646, 648, 671, 672, 674, 677, 681, 682, 688, 706, 707, 720, 721, 738, 766, 775, 778, 797, 827, 836, 844

flexibility vs. credibility of, 141 public vs. private character of, 141

Policy Affairs Research Council (PARC), 125, 129, 132, 135, 139, 140

political economy, 21, 29, 52n., 560n., 561n., 672

862 Subject Index

political theory, 156 cooperation, 525–9 decision-making rights, 747 democracy, 667

incentives, 156–60 institutions, 4, 727 opportunism, 515, 524, 566 parties, 123

performance, 149 political-economic system, 25 political intervention, 738n. political rights, 626n. property rights, 582

pollution, 153, 154, 209, 551n., 564–8 Portugal, 93, 110, 232, 258, 259, 640, 652,

703

precedent, 8, 14, 104, 135, 186, 191, 194, 198, 217, 221, 231–5, 238, 263, 533, 552, 556–7, 752

presidential system, 80, 91–117, 124, 132, 534, 537, 633n.

curtailment of, 113

decree, 537n., 103, 104, 105 election, methods of, 101, 109 government, 91–117

hybrids between , 6 parliamentarization of, 112–16 policymaking powers of, 102 rules on reelection, 110 stability, 94

presidentialism, 81, 91, 92, 94–5, 97, 99, 100, 108, 116

price, 2, 4, 6, 22, 31–4, 41–7, 53–4, 71–2, 187, 191, 197, 208–9, 213–15, 238, 269–70, 287, 289, 291, 295–7, 302–10, 323–31, 334, 336, 343, 367–8, 373, 380–84, 387–8, 391, 404–5, 408, 417–18, 421, 423, 436–8, 447–8, 453, 469–71, 492, 501–10 , 518–23, 536, 547–8, 564, 578, 583, 591–605, 628, 651, 673, 689, 742, 746, 760, 766, 794, 803, 805–6, 812, 835, 836, 839

adjustment, 46, 493–5 ceilings, 593, 707n. discovery, 46 discrimination, 54, 323, 324 property right in, 495–500

system, 33, 34, 289, 295, 303 theory, 43, 321, 423

principal agent theory, 12, 349–52, 353, 355, 360–2, 368, 373, 475–6

private-order institutions, 16, 199, 208, 214, 731, 732–6, 739–47, 759, 760, 763, 776–7

see also public-order institutions private ordering, 4, 43, 196, 206, 213, 219,

491–510, 614

private ownership, 212, 536, 548–9, 557 private property rights, 8, 14, 166, 212, 229,

230, 234–5, 251, 253, 260–73, 547–9, 556–7, 573, 577, 809

protection for, 8

system of, 166, 233, 234, 547 privatization, 205, 206, 651, 671, 673, 674,

680, 681, 685–8, 693, 795–6

product development, 56, 402–8, 412, 415, 424

product market competition, 265, 682 monopolistic, 378

oligopolistic, 378

product markets, 378, 387

production, 2, 4, 41, 42, 48, 58–9, 182, 184, 186, 194, 207, 209, 281–2, 286–7, 292, 294, 304, 307, 321, 323–5, 330, 332, 336–8, 342, 345, 355–7, 360–64, 367–8, 375, 387, 390, 394–5, 402, 407–9, 413–14, 435, 442–6, 449, 465–8, 472, 477, 484–6, 505–6, 548, 554–6, 561–4, 592, 595–6, 602–3, 611, 612, 643–6, 655, 673–5, 685, 689, 721, 738, 749, 754, 757, 773, 778, 790, 801–2

institutional structure of, 31–9 productivity, 23, 177, 197, 210, 211, 355,

362, 367, 409, 482, 559, 613, 622n., 642, 675, 676, 840

profit, 7, 22, 24, 42, 45, 59, 196–7, 209, 212, 214, 219, 236, 269, 286, 291, 323, 324, 326, 330, 354, 356, 358, 364–7, 375, 378–9, 381, 384–7, 390, 391, 402, 405–8, 416, 437–8, 441, 475, 485, 492, 495, 498, 501–5, 509, 520–22, 560, 578, 592, 594, 597, 598, 614, 643, 654, 728, 730, 735, 739–42, 754, 761, 763, 772, 776, 794, 802, 804, 835, 838

property right, 10, 12, 14, 37, 208, 223, 282, 285n., 288, 291, 294, 303, 304, 319, 326, 328, 395–6, 399, 495, 548, 548n., 568, 573–88, 599, 605, 611, 614, 626n., 727, 739, 747, 748, 756, 763, 777

alignment, 328 definition, 208, 209, 573

demand and supply of, 549, 576–87 distribution, 739

enforcement, 573 evolution, 575, 576, 583–7 informal, 581

insecure, 579, 579n. laws protecting, 16, 237 naive theory, 576n., 578

price and measurement of damages, 495–500

protection, 8, 9, 210, 211, 580, 587, 624, 626, 753

rule of law, 209–13, 305 tax, 157

theory, 281

vs. protection by private institutions, 213–19

Prussia, 256

public contract law, 199

public enterprises, 320, 371–3, 386, 394, 523

public goods, 7, 70, 81–5, 149–55, 158–9, 163, 165–7, 187, 192, 207, 223, 232, 567, 622, 628, 702, 706, 711–12, 715–18, 752–3, 755–6, 760, 766–8, 805, 807, 826, 838, 842

public order, 43, 731, 755, , 764 public-order institutions, 16, 728–9, 737–46,

761–5, 771–2, 774–5, 776–8 see also private-order institutions

public policy, 42, 46, 52, 57–60, 156, 339, 375, 515, 516, 524, 707, 720

antitrust, 58

other public policy, 59 regulation/deregulation, 58

quality standards, 300, 565, 597 quasi-rent, 178, 213, 238, 285, 301, 322,

327–9, 331, 334, 379, 437n., 451, 452, 454, 518–21, 523

Subject Index 863

reciprocity, 296, 301, 596, 716, 719 regulation, 13–15, 33, 36–7, 52, 54, 57–9,

166, 168, 192, 193, 195, 206, 209, 218, 223, 230, 243–5, 267, 337, 343, 391, 449, 455, 507, 515–38, 545–68, 581, 582, 591–606, 626n., 678, 708, 737–8, 752, 798, 801, 803, 805–6, 808, 811, 830–32, 840

and natural monopoly, 57 institutions, 524–5 theory of, 516

regulatory governance, 13, 515–18, 521–3, 529–37

origins of, 523

transactions approach to, 523–9 relational contracts, 181, 198, 200, 266,

295–6, 333, 436, 449–50, 684 relationship-specific investments, 12, 319,

322, 326–9, 332, 337, 435–8, 442, 445, 447, 449, 451, 454, 456

religion, 264–5, 269, 600, 601, 614, 626, 642–3, 652, 762, 812

remediableness, 59, 630, 688, 689

rent seeking, 83–4, 156, 169, 187, 188, 190, 221, 240–41, 496, 516, 611, 632, 650

reputation, 16, 47, 82, 112, 114, 135, 138–40, 163, 178–81, 200, 209, 213–19, 298, 300, 307–8, 326, 333, 420, 423–4, 445, 449, 466, 479–80, 486, 520, 612, 614, 623, 628, 702, 711–20, 732–7, 740–46, 755, 775, 802, 841

revenue, 7, 157–60, 363–4, 405–8, 467, 469, 503, 506, 519, 563, 602–3, 615, 621, 660, 750, 755–7, 759, 766, 768, 773, 808

Rhodesia, 620

Rio conference, 567n.

risk, 6, 11–12, 24, 45, 53, 100, 128, 176–9, 185, 188–9, 195, 212, 214, 216, 219, 236, 246–7, 283, 289, 292, 296, 299, 310–11, 324–5, 349–57, 360–2, 368, 386, 390, 395, 396, 410, 413–14, 418–19, 422, 425–6, 436, 444, 451, 475–8, 481, 486, 493–5, 508, 612, 616, 620, 630, 677, 702, 706, 709, 716, 721, 740, 756, 760–61, 833

Roman Empire, 8, 615, 769, 771

864 Subject Index

Roman law, 8, 232, 234, 235, 236, 254, 255, 257, 614n.

Romania, 93, 96, 110, 684, 685

rule of law, 7, 205, 206, 209–13, 222, 224, 580, 587, 627, 628, 677, 679, 728, 754, 832

rulemaking, 197, 231–3, 236, 240

rules, 2, 3, 5–11, 14, 16–18, 22, 24–9, 43, 56, 69–71, 82–5, 91, 96–100, 110, 117, 124–40, 160–61, 164, 169,

179–87, 191, 193–9, 206–7, 209, 211, 217, 220, 221–2, 225, 230–46, 253, 256–7, 266–7, 270, 273, 299, 301, 304–7, 311, 358–61, 368, 380, 385, 388–9, 448–9, 479–80, 486, 505, 509, 515–16, 522, 525–30, 533, 536, 546–7, 557–9, 562–6, 600–601, 611–15, 616–20, 626–33, 643, 656, 668–9, 681–8, 701, 703, 706, 712, 727–8, 735–43, 747, 751–3, 771, 775, 797–812, 819–45

Russia, 34, 93, 103, 198, 206, 374, 376, 623, 631, 673–5, 680, 682–4, 687

congress of people’s deputies, 104 economic system, 29, 208, 604 Old Believers, 603–4

Orthodox Church, 603

political institutions, 96, 104, 105, 163 presidential decree authority, 104

rule to democracy, 96 sort of economy, 208 sources of revenue, 159 trade barriers, 154

safeguards, 11, 53, 57, 282, 284, 286, 298–300, 307–8, 311, 412–13, 424–6, 448–50, 515, 524–5, 614, 759–61

sales force, 52n., 353–5, 415–16, 423–4, 435, 444

Scandinavian civil law, 176, 223, 243, 257, 259, 264, 266, 679

scarcity, 2, 14, 22, 24, 574–81, 594, 656 Securities and Exchange Commission

(SEC), 9n., 712

selective intervention, 50, 291, 311 self-enforcement, 178, 181, 200, 215, 307,

527, 574

separation-of-powers, 6, 8, 98–100, 123, 128, 129, 141, 161, 167, 168

Serbia, 96

share contracts, 12, 469–71, 474, 476, 480–81, 482–3

shareholder, 9, 11, 57, 196, 243–5, 253–4, 264–7, 269–71, 364, 366, 371–95, 597, 646, 679–80, 686, 794

Sherman Act, 557

shipping industry, 449, 452, 499, 773 side payments, 14, 358, 555–6, 568, 576,

581–3

site specificity, 297, 327, 343, 438, 439, 442, 445, 447, 452–3

slavery, 162, 164, 167–8, 168n., 620, 622, 643n., 650–55, 661

Slovakia, 189, 684, 691 Slovenia, 691

social capital, 16, 266, 624, 642, 701–22, 802

social security, 134, 207, 532n.

social structure, 623, 639, 641, 734, 758, 762, 767, 769, 794–8, 802

social system, 414, 418, 421, 713 socialism, 162, 187, 198, 207, 618n., 650,

683, 810

soft budget, 150, 154, 681 South Africa, 93, 598n., 620

South Korea, 96, 110, 600, 621n.

Soviet Union, 96, 205, 596, 661, 667, 669, 677, 684, 690, 692, 808–10

Spain, 15, 74, 93, 420, 455, 482, 617, 620, 640, 652, 756–7, 766, 771, 772, 776

Habsburg, 757

legal system, 242, 259 political system, 79, 162, 232

specific investment, 53, 283, 296–300, 310, 319, 322, 326–38, 341, 343–4, 411–13, 435–8, 445, 447, 449–56, 479n., 518, 521n., 522

spot market, 10, 48, 49, 51, 282, 302, 307, 320, 323, 325, 333, 342, 344, 435, 437, 446, 499, 706, 707

statute law, 9, 219, 221, 230, 231, 233, 238, 241, 245

stock markets, 251, 266–73, 391, 678–80, 686–7, 765, 772

sunk costs, 378, 519, 733, 744

Supreme Court, 112, 113, 134, 166, 271, 272, 529

Sweden, 93, 133, 640, 719

Switzerland, 93, 258, 622, 640

Taiwan, 77, 79, 93, 96, 110, 139, 140, 259, 621n., 708

take-or-pay, 52n., 447, 500, 508 takeover, 11, 196, 365, 374–7, 380–83,

386, 387, 388, 389, 396, 441, 519, 597

tax, 7, 36, 83, 104, 106, 124, 149, 151–2, 157–60, 162, 165, 170, 223, 234, 235, 367, 480–3, 502–3, 520, 548–50, 555–6, 560, 566–7, 583–4, 598, 600, 602, 615, 619, 646, 648, 659, 673, 687, 703, 707, 708, 721, 750–58, 761, 767, 770–75, 838, 839

TCE (transaction cost economics), 4, 41–61, 281, 302, 319, 320, 402, 403, 407, 410, 412, 435, 437, 440, 451, 455, 456, 597, 820

technology, 26, 32, 48, 53, 58, 178–80, 212, 284, 286, 297, 332, 337, 349, 371, 394, 406, 411–12, 415–16, 423, 435, 436, 443, 446, 448, 453, 475, 525, 565, 574–5, 578, 612–15, 643, 646, 648, 651, 662, 668, 736, 749, 752, 757, 770, 778, 793, 833, 837

temporal specificity, 439, 452 Thailand, 93, 575, 598n.

third-party, 81, 175, 179, 182, 200, 207, 216, 242, 335, 395, 403, 424, 450, 475, 486, 530, 549, 580–81, 614, 685, 702, 713, 737, 739, 742, 763

title, 185, 207, 289, 304, 445, 579, 584, 586, 745, 821

tort law, 207–9, 221, 242, 255 tournaments, 296, 355–6

township-village enterprises, 28, 630, 631n., 689

trade, 10, 11, 37, 80, 150, 154, 155, 165, 166, 199, 216–18, 231, 304–8, 321, 327, 329–34, 351–2, 360, 436, 438, 448–9, 491, 545, 564, 567, 580, 594–5, 602–5, 611–18, 622–6, 644, 651, 684, 706, 719, 733–49, 753–5, 758, 762, 767, 768, 770, 773–75

trade-off between firm and contract, 395 trade-offs, 229, 230, 293, 294, 311, 350, 395,

413, 475, 476, 501, 518

Subject Index 865

trade unions, 22

transaction, 4, 7, 10–11, 34, 42, 47, 54, 319, 411

transaction cost, 4, 10–14, 34–7, 18, 21, 36, 37, 52, 175, 281, 285n., 286, 302, 305n., 311, 435, 436, 475–6, 486, 492, 546, 547, 549, 581, 613, 653, 668, 683, 789

transaction cost economics (TCE), 4, 41–61, 281, 302, 319, 320, 402, 403, 407, 410, 412, 435, 437, 440, 451, 455, 456, 597, 820

transfer pricing, 253

transition, 16, 29, 55, 91, 94, 96, 176, 183–8, 197, 198, 207, 229–30, 239, 239n., 246, 247, 304, 363, 374, 376, 412, 449, 455, 502, 625, 629, 667–94, 744, 796, 809–10, 836

transport, 166, 195, 235, 239n., 367, 394, 438, 445, 552, 576, 577, 586, 649, 703, 821

trust, 13, 16, 52, 57, 58, 168, 178, 180, 207, 209, 213, 215, 218, 262, 266, 301, 308, 382, 384, 396, 409, 435, 448, 453, 456, 522, 604, 611, 612, 614, 617, 618, 624, 626–8, 642, 644, 684, 685, 701–2, 703–6, 709–12, 714, 718–21, 733, 793, 802–3

Turkey, 93, 232, 557n., 631

Uganda, 93, 627

Ukraine, 93, 96, 109n., 110, 675, 684 uncertainty, 10–13, 21–5, 28, 47, 53, 57,

81, 175, 208, 281, 284, 290, 298–9, 310, 319, 321, 325, 326, 332, 341, 353, 362, 380, 402, 406, 409–10, 415–17, 420, 423, 426, 437–40, 442–7, 451, 455–6, 477, 552, 554, 567–8, 579, 599, 805, 811

underdevelopment, 611, 616, 620, 622, 625, 629

underground economy, 592, 598 unions, 22, 55, 195, 371, 594, 711, 719,

744

United Kingdom, 93 administrative agencies, 532 contract law, 13

corporate ownership, 252 legal system, 9

866 Subject Index

United Kingdom (cont.)

political system, 80, 132, 135, 530, 534, 536, 709

social democrats and liberals, 80 United States, 24, 110, 152, 155, 160, 187,

216, 246, 265, 372, 383, 397, 580, 602–3, 617, 657, 658

Civil War, 717 common law, 222

Congress, 98, 124, 125, 127, 130, 136, 137, 140, 824

corporate governance, 375

economy, 38, 157, 244, 343, 468, 471, 557, 563, 594

legal system, 9, 13, 194 farm production, 467n. federalism, 163–9, 199 fisheries, 558 high-trust societies, 708

House of Representatives, 132, 134, 135

National Labor Relations Act, 195 political system, 13, 73, 79, 132, 134, 137,

530, 629, 709 regulation, 154, 530, 567n. slavery, 162

Uruguay, 80, 93, 95, 102, 107, 100, 657, 658

utility, 13, 23, 83, 220, 360–61, 401–4, 407, 411, 516–23, 525, 605, 630, 712, 717, 822

Veblen effect, 403, 418

Venezuela, 93, 95, 96, 107, 110–13, 115, 116, 657, 658

vertical integration, 10, 41, 45–6, 52, 53, 58, 60, 179, 283, 297, 307, 310, 319–45, 394, 402, 405, 406, 411, 412, 414, 415, 426, 435–8, 440–52, 455–6, 494, 592, 595, 604, 739

veto, 6, 96–9, 103, 104, 107–8, 124, 132–41, 168n., 529, 536–7, 576, 581–2, 586

veto player, 98, 99, 129, 141, 268, 537 Vietnam, 627, 684, 733, 810

violence, 156, 162, 552, 573, 579, 581, 584–7, 599, 677, 679, 747, 751, 772

voluntary exchange, 42, 302, 491, 599, 730 voting, 6, 69, 70, 73–7, 85, 94, 101, 107,

125–8, 134, 138, 267, 366, 374, 388, 647, 649, 657–61, 709, 837, 839

wage, 351–5, 357–8, 360–63, 365, 368, 474, 485, 622, 735, 751, 7738

War of the Roses, 775

Wealth of Nations, The, 31, 32, 42n., 598 Weberian bureaucracy, 359

welfare, 59, 84, 86, 150, 153, 156, 169, 210, 352, 401, 529, 556, 564, 581, 593, 605, 624, 628, 634, 640, 662, 675, 689, 704, 711, 736, 738, 745, 748, 778, 804, 805, 825

West Indies, 620, 650, 654, 655, 661 Western individualism, 769

Western legal systems, 232, 233

World Bank, 27, 176, 183, 185, 225, 631, 632n., 671n., 685n., 722

Yugoslavia, 109n., 110, 258, 667

Zimbabwe, 93, 598n., 704

Abbott, Keith, 234

Acemoglu, Daron, 205, 211, 212, 213, 225,

244n., 245n., 265, 273, 619, 620, 707,

729, 759n. see also AJR

Acheson, James M., 415, 449, 476n., 478n.,

547n., 557n.

Afuah, Allan, 411, 412

Aganin, Alexander, 252, 271

Aggarwal, Rajesh, 384

Aghion, Philippe, 324

Agnello, Richard J., 557n.

Aitken, Murray, 423

Akerlof, George, 358, 360, 451n., 716,

792

Alarcon, Fabio, 115

Alatas, Vivi, 720

Alba, Richard, 806

Alcala, Humberto Nougueira, 95

Alchian, Armen, 125n., 178, 213, 283, 287,

288, 290, 292, 293, 307, 308, 309, 311,

311n., 322, 328, 337, 342, 395, 437,

437n., 442, 446, 452, 454, 456, 479, 594

Aldrich, John H., 129

Alemida, Heitor, 627n.

Alesina, Alberto, 69, 83n., 107, 141, 526n.,

717

Alexander, De Alva Stanwood, 126

Allen, Douglas W.., 12, 13, 465–86, 579n.

Alston, Lee J., 14, 125n., 304, 305, 474,

547n., 552, 573–88, 599

Alt, James E., 141

Alvarez, Michael E., 784

Amorim Neto, 133n.

Anderies, J. Marty, 836

Anderson, Erin, 10–12, 298, 303, 342, 343,

401–27, 439, 444, 445, 450

Anderson, James H., 673

Anderson, Terry L., 474, 548n., 558n., 575,

577n.., 578, 580, 580n.

Andeweg, Rudy B.,132

Andonova, Veneta, 8, 9, 229–47

Annen, K., 736

Aoki, Masahiko, 288, 290, 292, 293, 311,

311n., 312, 730n.

Archer, Daniel, 104

Argote, Linda, 414

Argyres, Nicholas S., 416, 426

Armour, Henry O., 312, 443

Arnason, Ragnar, 558n.

Aron, Janine, 626

Arriagada, Genaro, 106

Arrow, Kenneth J. 2, 29, 98, 283, 323, 324,

335, 839

Arrunada, Benito, 8, 9, 229–47, 439, 443,

444, 737n.

Arthur, Brian W., 812

Asada, Y., 557n.

Aslund, Anders, 810

Aspers, Patrik, 794

Atack, J., 168

Attaturk, Mustafa Kemal, 631

Ayres, Ian, 199, 208

Bach, Stanley, 130

Back, Kurt, 803

Backhaus, Jurgen,¨ 246, 263

Bagehot, Walter, 94

Bailey, Martin, 198, 210, 221, 240, 566,

567n.

Bain, Joe, 323, 422

Bajari, Patrick, 45, 61, 456

Baker, George, 296, 300, 436, 450, 484n.

Baker, Wayne, 796

Baldez, Lisa, 106

868 Author Index

Bambaci, J., 531

Banfield, Edward C., 705n. Banner, Stuart, 741

Baqir, Reza, 717

Barbarossa, Frederic, 769, 770

Bardhan, Pranab, 185, 600, 628

Barnard, Chester I., 47, 50, 283, 286, 288, 289

Baron, D., 516, 516n., 518n., 528 Baron, David P., 126n., 134 Baron, James N., 55

Barro, Robert, 211, 627n. Barth, James, 264n.

Barzel, Yoram, 125n., 221, 305, 306, 475, 548n., 557, 593, 604, 729

Bass, Frank M., 419 Basu, Amiya, 353

Bates, Robert H., 615, 621, 622, 625, 634, 729, 749, 749n.

Bawn, Kathleen, 98, 133, 141 Bayus, Barry L., 402, 405 BDL, 265, 266n., 268, 269, 271 Bebchuk, Lucian A., 383

Beck, Thorsten, 8, 9, 245n., 251–73 see also BDL

Becker, Gary, 55n., 421 Beckert, Jens, 797 Beckmann, Martin J., 288–90 Bednar, Jennifer L., 163 Beissinger, Mark R., 810 Bellah, Robert N., 778 Benham, Alexandra, 597 Benham, Lee, 14, 591–606 Ben-Porath, Yoram, 595 Bensaou, Ben M., 413

Benson, Bruce L., 199, 216, 217, 222, 237n. Bentham, Jeremy, 263

Bercovitz, Janet, 58, 448

Berg, Andrew, 674, 712 Bergen, M., 448 Berglof, Erik, 670, 686 Berkes, Fikret, 557n.

Berkowitz, Daniel, 177, 197, 223, 244n., 259, 264, 619

Berle, Adolf E., 311n. Berman, Harold, 216, 221, 771 Berman, Sheri, 719, 722 Bernhardt, 83n.

Bernstein, David, 680

Bernstein, Lisa, 199, 218, 237n., 739, 743 Besley, Timothy, 83n., 575, 579, 580 Bethel, Jennifer E., 382

Bhagat, Sanjai, 380

Bial, Joseph J., 551n., 553n., 567n. Bickers, Kenneth N., 126 Bigelow, Lyda, 439, 441

Biggs, Tyler, 762n. Binder, Sarah A., 130, 133 Bindseil, Ulrich, 450 Birdzell, L., 211 Bismarck, 220, 256

Black, Bernard, 206, 375, 376, 380, 673, 687 Black, Duncan, 126n.

Black, Max, 830 Black, Sandra E., 367 Blair, Margaret, 376 Blais, Andr´e, 77, 84 Blanchard, Olivier, 674

Blanchard-Kremer model, 675 Blau, Peter, 803

Blomquist, William, 822, 840 Blume, Lawrence E., 263 Boeri, Tito, 670

Boerner, Christopher, 52, 436n., 455 Boger, Silke, 442, 455

Boix, Carles, 709 Bolling, Richard, 136

Bolton, Patrick, 291, 310, 324, 670, 686 Bonchek, 527n.

Boone, Peter, 270 Boot, Arnoud W., 737

Bork, Robert H., 241, 245 Bott, Elizabeth, 803

Botticini, Maristella, 476n., 478n. Boudon, Raymond, 799 Bourdieu, Pierre, 791, 828 Bowler, Shaun, 76

Bowman, Douglas, 421 Boycko, Maxim, 681 Bradach, Jeffrey L., 414 Bradburd, Ralph E., 443 Bradley, Michael, 387

Brady, David W., 126n., 128, 136 Breach, Alasdair, 270

Brehm, John, 719 Brennan, G., 43, 156, 159

Breshnahan, Timothy F., 401 Brierley, John E. C., 266

Brooks, Robin, 551n.

Brough, Wayne, 221

Brousseau, Eric, 308

Brown, Jacqueline, 418

Brown, James R., 450

Brown, Shona L., 408–11, 414

Browning, Robert X., 126, 128n.

Brudney, Victor, 389

Brugger, Urs, 795

Brunetti, A., 627n.

Bucar´am, President, 115

Buchanan, James M., 42, 43, 151, 156, 159,

169, 551n., 564n., 582, 632, 839

Bullock, Charles S., 136

Burger, Joanna, 547n.

Burkart, Mike, 688

Burke, Mary A., 469

Burkhart, Barry G., 479n.

Burt, Ronald, 793

Butler, David, 76

Caenegem, R. C. van, 236

Cain, Bruce, 127n., 139n., 526n. Caldwell, Michael, 98, 527n. Cameron, Maxwell, 104 Campos, Nauro, 670, 677 Campoy, Abril, 238n.

Cao, Yang, 796, 809 Capon, Noel, 405

Caprio, Gerard, 264n., 269, 270 Capron, Laurence, 416

Cardoso, Fernando Henrique, 111, 586 Careaga, Maite, 158, 629

Carey, John M., 6, 82, 91–117, 125, 134, 139n., 530

Carlin, Wendy, 595 Carlsson, Fredrik, 212 Carlton, Dennis, 324, 325 Carmona, Juan, 482 Carpenter, Gregory S., 421 Carruthers, Bruce, 790 Carty, R. Ken, 84 Casadesus-Masanell, R., 443 Casella, Alessandra, 793 Catt, Helena, 76

Caves, Richard E., 383, 443

Chandler, Alfred D., 394, 404

Chattopadhyay, Amitiva, 410

Chavez, Hugo, 111–12, 116

Author Index 869

Cheffins, Brian R., 389

Cheibub, Jose Antonio, 100, 117

Chen, H., 450

Cheung, Steven, 31, 36, 287, 295, 481, 551,

593n., 594, 594n.

Chhibber, Pradeep, 81

Chiappori, Pierre Andre, 478n.

Chipty, Tasneem, 339

Christensen, Ray, 80

Chu, Wujin, 425

Churchill, Winston, 602

Claessens, Stijn, 269, 270

Claibourn, Michele P., 719

Clark, Ian N., 561n

Clark, Robert C., 374

Clay, Karen, 732n., 735, 762n

Coase, Ronald H. 4, 7, 10, 31–39, 41, 42, 45,

125n., 208, 254, 261, 282, 283–85, 287,

289, 293, 303, 305, 349, 367, 394, 435,

436, 446, 474, 546, 556, 565, 575, 601,

602n., 604, 605, 672

Coate, Stephen, 83n.

Coeurderoy, R´egis, 340

Coffee, John C., 264, 389

Cohen, Linda, 139

Cohn, R., 803

Cohwey, P., 529n.

Coke, Edward, 257

Coleman, James, 701, 702, 712, 718

Collie, Melissa P., 125

Collor, Fernando, 101, 105

Colomer, Joseph, 97

Commons, John R., 43, 831, 833

Conklin, James, 756

Conlon, Edward J., 354

Cook, Karen S., 803

Cooper, Joseph, 126, 126n., 128, 130

Cooper, Richard N., 558n.

Cooter, Robert, 207, 221, 230, 232, 241,

455, 526n., 533n.

Coplin, William, 677

Core, John E., 384

Coricelli, Fabrizio, 670

Cosmides, Leda, 240, 241

Coughlan, Anne T., 414

Cowhey, Peter, 129, 139

Cox, Gary, 5, 70n., 72n., 73, 76n., 77, 79, 80,

97, 125, 126, 128–30, 133n., 134, 137–39,

139n., 141, 526n., 527n.

870 Author Index

Crawford, Robert, 178, 213, 322, 328, 337,

342, 395, 437, 437n., 442, 446, 452, 454,

456, 479, 821, 831

Creed, W. E. D., 825

Cremer, Jacques, 163

Crew, Michael, 221, 240

Crewe, Ivor, 76

Crocker, Keith J., 52n., 340, 439, 447, 478n.

Crosby, Alfred W., 265

Croson, Rachel, 208

Cull, Robert, 686

Cungu, Azeta, 675

Cyert, Richard, 323

Dahl, Carol A., 447

Dahl, Darren W., 410 Dahl, Robert, 91

Dahlman, Carl J., 284, 306, 613 Dallago, Bruno, 672

Damaska, Mirjan R., 263 Damgaard, Erik, 129 Danet, Didier, 238, 243 Darr, Eric D., 414 David, Paul, 812

David, Rene, 266 David, Robert J., 436n.

Davis, Gerald F., 380, 794

Dawson, John P., 255, 256, 260, 264 De Alessi, Michael, 558n.

de Figueiredo, R., 149, 160, 161, 526n., 531, 533n., 535

De la Rua, F., 115

de Soto, Hernando, 223, 596, 598, 598n., 739 De Winter, L., 134

Deacon, Robert T., 547n.

DeCanio, Stephen J., 447 Deininger, Klaus, 474 Dekimpe, Marnik G., 420–23 Delios, Andrew, 455

Dell, Michael, 382

Demirguc-Kunt, 245n., 251, 265, 270, 271 see also BDL

Demsetz, Harold, 31, 32, 57, 125n., 240, 283, 286n., 287, 288, 290–94, 303, 305n., 307, 308n., 309, 311, 422, 568, 575, 576

Denis, Diane K., 374 Dennen, R. T., 575 Denzau, Arthur T., 78, 812 DeSarbo, Wayne S., 420

Dev, C. S., 450

Dewatripont, Mathias, 650, 652 Di Virgilio, Aldo, 80 Diamond, Jared, 265

Diaz see Gonz´alez-Diaz Dicey, Albert, 211 Dickhaut, John, 712 Dickson, W. J., 803

Diermeier, Daniel, 94,116, 134 Dietz, Thomas, 547n., 833 Dillinger, William, 154 DiMaggio, Paul, 793, 797, 802 Dion, Douglas, 130

DiPalma, Giuseppe, 95

Dixit, Avinash, 52, 59, 422, 526, 730, 732, 735, 739, 746

Djankov, Simeon, 176, 223, 224, 243, 262, 264n., 271, 273, 598, 670, 679, 681, 682, 686, 690n., 694

Dnes, Anthony, 297, 448

Dobbin, Frank, 794, 797 Dobrzynska, Agnieszka, 84 Dolsak, Nives, 547n. Donnelley, Lawrence P., 557n. Doring, Herbert, 133, 137 Dosi, Giovanni, 402, 406, 408 Dow, Gregory, 292

Downing, Brian M., 729, 769 Downs, Anthony, 126n. Doyle, William, 236 Drobak, John N., 710 Druckman, James N., 141 Dubois, Pierre, 482

DuBow, Shane, 473 Duhalde, Eduardo, 115 Duman, Daniel, 234 Durlauf, Steven, 701 Dutta, S., 413, 448 Dutz, Mark, 682

Duverger, Maurice, 96, 101

Dwyer, F. Robert, 298, 301

Dyck, Alexander, 265, 270 Dyer, Jeffrey H., 296, 300, 413

Earle, John, 682

Easterbrook, Frank, 56, 254, 389

Easterly, William, 169, 264n., 611, 612, 717

Eberfeld, Walter, 325

Eccles, Robert, 295, 296, 300

872 Author Index

Galanter, Marc, 263

Gallagher, Michael, 72n.

Gallaher, Miriam, 130

Gallick, Edward C., 448

Gallo, Andres, 583

Galloway, George B., 126, 130

Galor, Oded, 759

Gambetta, Diego, 599, 710, 746

Ganz, Joan S., 831

Gardner, Roy, 821n., 822, 822n., 827, 829,

838

Garen, John, 354, 355

Garner, James, 365

Garoupa, Nuno, 242

Garvey, Gerald, 300

Gates, Bill, 372, 382

Gatignon, Hubert, 10, 12, 303, 401–27, 450

Gaucher, Severine, 300

Gaudet, Gerard, 560n.

Gavett, Earle E., 473

Gaynor, Martin, 363

Gelb, Alan, 676n.

Gelfer, Stanislav, 675, 679

Gely, Rafael, 52n., 526n., 533n.

Gertler, Paul, 708

Gertner, Robert, 199

Ghatak, M., 746

Ghosh, Mrinal, 299

Ghosh, Parikshit, 732n., 733, 734

Ghoshal, Sumantra, 453

Gibberd, 73n.

Gibbons, Robert, 338, 436, 443, 450

Gielens, Katrijn, 421, 422, 423

Gilligan, Daniel, 710, 719

Gilligan, Thomas W., 126

Gilson, Ronald J., 189, 380, 387

Ginsburg, T. B., 533n.

Gissurarson, Hannes H., 561n.

Glachant, Jean-Michel, 304, 308

Glaeser, Edward, 254, 254n., 256, 263,

264n., 273, 703, 704, 708, 714, 714n., 717

Globerman, Steven, 342, 443

Goetz, Charles, 196, 198

Goetzmann, William, 767, 768

Goitein, Shelomo Dov, 756, 769n.

Goldberg, Victor P., 13, 52n., 79, 283, 296,

436, 491–510, 519n.

Goldstein, Bernard D., 547n.

Goldstein, Markus, 778

Gonzalez de Lara, Yadira, 738n., 739 Gonz´alez-Diaz, M., 443, 444 Goodman, John, 221

Goody, J., 769 Gordon, H. Scott, 551 Gordon, Robert J., 401 Gorn, Gerald J., 410 Goss, Carol F., 128n.

Grafton, R. Quentin, 560n. Graham, Carol, 106 Grajzl, Peter, 186 Gramlich, Edward, 153 Grandori, Anna, 297, 301

Granovetter, Mark, 292, 718n., 762n., 791–4, 796, 802

Green, Jerry, 324

Greif Avner, 16, 175, 176, 199, 237, 305, 614, 623, 662, 705, 712, 727–9, 792, 800, 812

Griliches, Zvi, 402, 403, 416, 417, 419, 421 Grootaert, Christiaan, 718

Grossman, Herschel I., 749n.

Grossman, Sanford, 328, 334, 338, 386, 454, 456

Guay, Wayne R., 384 Gugerty, Mary Kay, 717, 721 Guinnane, T. W., 741, 746 Guiso, Luigi, 266

Gulati, Ranjay, 297, 412

Haber, S. N. Maurer, 754

Haber, Stephen, 157, 264

Hackett, Steven C., 476n.

Hadfield, Gillian K., 7, 8, 175–200, 221, 300

Hageboorn, John, 414

Haggard, Stephen, 141, 163, 522n., 526n.

Hahn, Frank, 23

Hahn, Robert W., 567n.

Hakansson, H., 301

Hall, Brian J., 383

Hall, Bronwyn, 402

Hall, Peter A., 376

Hall, Robert, 211, 626n.

Hallagan, William, 476n.

Hallwood, Paul C., 443

Hambrick, Donald C., 443

Hamilton, Barton H., 363, 453

Hamilton, Gary G., 767, 812

Hamilton, Gillian, 450

Han, Shin-Kap, 436n.

Hannan, Michael T., 794, 798

Hannesson, Rognvaldur, 558n., 561n.

Hansen, Zaynep K., 582

Hansmann, Henry, 195, 291

Hanson, Philip, 672n.

Hardin, Garrett, 552, 553

Hardin, Russell, 712, 716, 717, 729, 735n.,

804

Harnay, Sophie, 241, 242

Harr´e, Rom, 832

Harrigan, Kathryn Rudie, 443

Harris, Jeffrey, 335

Harris, Milton, 352, 368

Hart, Oliver, 253, 324, 328, 334–36, 338,

386, 454, 456, 739

Hartog, Den, 126

Haspel, Moshe, 105

Haspeslagh, Philippe, 416

Hausmann, Ricardo, 107

Hay, Jonathan R., 176

Hayek, Friedrich A., 25, 27, 47, 150–52,

156, 159, 169, 219, 220, 238n., 252, 254,

283n., 293, 306, 615, 672, 797, 812

Hays, L., 367

Hazell, Peter, 579

Hazlehurst, Brian, 26

Heady, E. O., 483

Heath, Anthony, 76

Heide, Jan B., 414, 424, 425, 436n.,

448–50

Heller, Michael, 208, 551n., 687

Heller, William B., 133, 133n.

Helper, Susan, 413, 414

Helsen, Kristiaan, 420

Henard, David H., 408

Henderson, D. R., 467n.

Henderson, Rebecca H., 374

Hendley, Kathryn, 176, 198, 684, 685

Henisz, V., 522n.

Henisz, Witold J., 450, 455

Henley, David, 752

Hennart, Jean-Francois, 443, 450

Henrich, Joseph, 715

Herbst, Jeffrey I., 621, 622, 625

Hermalin, Benjamin E., 380

Herr, Paul M., 418

Herrmann-Pillath, Carsten, 767

Hess, Charlotte, 547n.

Author Index 873

Heyns, Roger W., 803n.

Hicken, Allen, 81

Hill, Peter J., 548n., 575, 577n., 578, 580

Hinich, Melvin, 126n.

Hirasawa, Y., 557n.

Hirshleifer, Jack, 221

Hobbes, 712, 747

Hobbs, Jill E., 442, 455

Hodgson, Geoffrey M., 732n.

Hoenig, Scott, 405

Hoffman, Philip T., 234n., 482n., 746

Hogue, Arthur R., 774

Holland, John H. 26

Hollick, Ann L., 558n.

Holling, C. S., 840

Holmstrom, Bengt, 32, 52, 288, 288n., 302,

311, 335, 336, 352, 353, 356, 357, 359,

360, 362–64, 367, 368, 445, 476n., 481,

485

Homans, Frances R., 558n., 560n.

Homans, George C., 360, 361, 803, 812

Hommes, Rudolf, 107

Hooghe, Liesbet, 841

Houser, Daniel, 553n., 567n.

Howse, Robert, 194

Hsieh, John, 77, 79

Hsu, F. L. K., 769

Hu, M., 450

Hubbard, R. Glenn, 447n.

Hubbard, Thomas N., 439, 452, 484n.

Huber, John, 98, 99, 116, 133, 134

Huberman, Gur, 365

Hughes, Diane Owen, 769

Huntington, Samuel, 91

Huq, Mainul, 710, 719

Hurley, Patricia, 128

Hutchins, Edwin, 26

Iaryczower, M., 159, 527n.

Ichino, Andrea, 243

Ingberman, 83n.

Inglehart, Ronald, 709

Ingram, James W., 137,

Ingram, Paul, 741, 791, 792, 803n.

Inman, Robert P., 158

Irwin, George D., 471n.

Isern, Thomas D., 473

Isham, Jon, 710

Ishiyama, J. T., 96

874 Author Index

Jackman, Robert W., 84

Jackson, Tom, 498

Jacobides, Michael G., 293

Jacobson, Gary C., 78, 530

Jacobson, Robert, 402, 405

Janssen, Marco A., 837

Jap, Sandy D., 413

Jedidi, Kamel, 420

Jefferson, Gary H., 690

Jemison, David, 416

Jensen, Michael C., 56, 253, 354, 379, 384,

386, 391

Jepperson, Ronald, 797

Jevons, W. S., 36

Jin, Hehui, 159, 162

Johanson, J., 301

John, George, 52n., 298, 299, 413, 425, 440,

444, 449, 450

Johnson, D. Gale, 481

Johnson, Jason, 208

Johnson, Ronald N., 552, 558, 558n., 560n.

Johnson, Ryan, 545n.

Johnson, Simon, 176, 205, 211, 212, 244n.,

245n., 254n., 265, 266, 269, 270, 273,

618n., 639n., 650n., 654n., 684, 688n.

Johnston, Richard J., 76

Jones, Charles, 136, 211, 626n.

Jones, Eric L., 265

Jones, Mark P., 101, 102

Jorde, T., 297

Joseph, Kissan, 357

Joskow, Paul L., 10, 11, 52n. 57, 294, 295,

297, 300, 309n., 319–45, 350, 436, 436n.,

439, 443, 447, 450, 479n., 495, 517,

565n., 566, 566n., 567n., 682

Jutting,¨ Johannes, 627

Kafka, Peter, 382

K¨ahkonen,¨ Satu, 710, 718

Kahn, Charles, 365

Kahn, Matthew E., 710, 717

Kakalik, James S., 190, 194

Kali, Raja, 732n., 734, 736

Kalt, J. P., 128n.

Kalyanaram, Gurumurthy, 421, 422

Kaminski, Antoni, 825

Kanda, Hideki, 389

Kandel, Eugene, 176, 737, 739, 746

Kandori, Michihiro, 731n., 732n., 734n.

Kaplan, Abraham, 844

Karlan, Dean 718

Karpoff, John M., 558n.

Katz, Avery, 221, 229, 240

Katz, Elihu, 418

Katz, Jonathan, 130, 134

Kaufman, Robert R., 141, 522n.

Kaufmann, Daniel, 662, 677, 679, 691, 694n.

Kaul, Anil, 407

Kavanagh, Dennis, 76

Keefer, Philip, 16, 212, 624, 522n., 614, 624,

626, 628, 630, 633, 633n., 677, 701–22

Keister, Lisa, 796

Keller, Wolfgang, 766

Kelley, R. Lynn, 103

Kennedy, R., 96

Kenney, Roy, 52n., 450

Kerkvliet, Joe, 342

Kerr, Jeffrey, 368

Kerr, William A., 442, 455

Kessel, Reuben, 594, 599

Ketteringham, John M., 407

Keynes, John Maynard, 595n.

Khanna, Tarun, 299, 688

Kiewiet, D. Roderick, 105, 128, 133, 134

Kim, HeeMin, 77

Kim, John, 418

Kim, Minseong, 749n.

Kirmani, Amna, 423

Kiser, Larry L., 821, 829, 842

Kleibenstein, J. B., 467n.

Klein, Benjamin, 52n., 178, 213, 214, 283,

285, 295, 300, 301, 307, 309, 309n., 310,

322, 328, 329, 333, 337, 342, 395, 479

Klein, Peter G.., 13, 52, 340, 435–57, 478n.

Klerman, Daniel, 738n.

Knack, Stephen, 16, 212, 522n., 614, 623,

624, 624n., 644n., 677, 701–22

Knez, Marc, 366

Knight, Frank, 551

Knight, Jack, 533n., 534n.

Knoeber, Charles R., 300, 467n., 478n

Knorr Cetina, Karin, 790, 795

Kogut, Bruce, 415

Koll,¨ Elisabeth, 767, 768

Kollman, Ken, 81

Kollock, Peter, 803n.

Kolstad, Charles D., 565n.

Konings, Jozef, 675

Konrad, Kai, 749n.

Kornai, Janos, 672, 674n.

Kornhauser, Lewis, 221, 229

Kotwal, Ashok, 364, 367, 368, 476,

481

Kotz,¨ Hein, 255n., 257, 257n, 258, 263

Kraakman, Reinier, 195, 375, 380, 673

Kraay, Aaart, 677, 679, 691

Kranton, Rachel E., 732n., 733, 734, 736,

744, 763

Kreacic, Vladimir-Goran, 682

Krehbiel, Keith K., 126, 133, 133n.

Kremer, Michael, 674, 675, 721

Kreps, David M., 55

Krippner, Gretta, 791

Krishnamurthi, Lakshman, 421

Krishnan, V., 406, 407, 408, 408, 411

Krueger, Alan B., 417

Krueger, Anne O., 602, 605

Kuester, Sabine, 421

Kuhn, Thomas, 38

Kulatilaka, Nalin, 415

Kumar, Krishna B., 270

Kuran, Timur, 762n.

Kurland, Nancy, 443

La Croix, Sumner J., 578

La Ferrara, Eliana, 717

La Porta, Rafael, 220, 223, 230, 243, 244,

245, 251, 260, 262, 272, 385, 392, 619n.,

623n., 708, 709, 709n., 710. See also LLS

and LLSV

Lacher, Jeffrey M., 739

Laeven, Luc, 270

Laffont, Jean-Jacques, 175, 516, 516n.

Lafontaine, Francine, 295n., 296n., 297, 444,

448, 452, 476n., 478n.

Lagrone, William F., 473

Lam, Wai Fung, 822

Lamoreaux, Naomi, 263

Lamounier, Bolivar, 95

Landa, Janet, 214

Landes, William M., 217, 220, 221, 240

Langbein, John H., 184

Langlois, Richard, 337, 442

Lanoue, David J., 76

Larcker, David F., 383

Lasswell, Harold, 844

Lau, Lawrence, 689

Author Index 875

Laver, Michael, 98, 116, 125n., 130, 134,

138, 141

Lawler, Edward, 363, 368, 803

Lawrence, Eric D., 128

Lawrence, John D., 467n.

Lazear, Edward, 355, 356, 365, 476n., 485n.

Lazzarini, Sergio G., 467n.

Le Pen, Jean Marie, 101

Leal, Donald R., 558n.

Lee, D. J., 450

Lee, Young, 176

Leffler, Keith B., 52n.,178, 214, 306, 322,

333, 476n., 478n., 479

Legler, John B., 157, 166n.

Lehmann, Donald R., 419

Leibowitz, Aleen, 363

Leonard-Barton, Dorothy, 411

Leshchenko, Larisa, 682

Lesi, Maria, 682

Levine, Daniel, 9, 103

Levine, David I., 708

Levine, Ross, 245n., 251–73, 717

Levinson, Daryl J., 778

Levitt, Steven D., 128n.

Levy, Brian, 52n., 305, 515, 516, 519n., 630

Levy, David, 439, 443

Lewis, C. A., 602n.

Li, Shuhe, 736, 737

Lian, Peng, 809

Libecap, Gary D., 14, 125n., 304, 305,

451n., 474, 545–68, 575, 576, 578, 579,

580, 582, 583n., 840

Lichtenstein, Peter M., 667n., 670n., 674n.

Lieberman, Marvin, 342, 443

Liebeskind, Julia Porter, 382, 416, 426

Lijphart, Arend, 73, 74, 77, 79, 86, 95, 97,

107, 116, 123, 138

Limongi, Fernando, 95, 117

Linz, Juan J., 94, 95, 100

Lipset, Seymour Martin, 393

Littleton, Thomas, 257

Litvack, Jennie, 154

Liu, R. H., 746, 762n.

Lizal, Lubomir, 683

Lizzeri, Alessandro, 84

Llewellyn, Karl, 51

LLS, 267, 270

LLSV, 252, 253, 257, 260, 261n., 262n., 266,

267, 269, 271

876 Author Index

Loayza, Norman, 251n., 267, 268

Locke, John, 747

Loeb, M., 516

Lopez-de-Silanes, Florencio, 219, 243,

264n., 272 see also LLS and

LLSV

Loredo, Enrique, 455

Lorsch, Jay, 380

Louch, Hugh, 793

Loveman, Brian, 825

Lowry, Robert C., 141

Lucky, Christian, 96

Lueck, Dean, 12, 13, 465–86, 557n., 559n.,

560n.

Lunstrom,¨ Susanna, 212

Lupia, Arthur, 116, 127

Lupia, S., 535

Luporini, Annalisa, 481

Lynch, Lias M., 367

Lyon, Thomas P., 476n.

Macaulay, Stewart, 283n., 300, 308n.

MacDuffie, John Paul, 442

Macey, Jonathan, 389

Macfarlane, Alan, 768, 769

Macher, Jeffrey, 52, 436n., 441n., 455

Machiavelli, Niccolo, 759

MacIver, Elizabeth, 380

MacKenzie, Donald, 790, 795

Macneil, Ian R., 197, 307, 309

Magat, W. A., 516

Mahajan, Vijay, 419

Mahoney, Paul G., 220, 223, 224, 230, 243,

389, 395, 738n.

Mahuad, Jamil, 115

Mainwaring, Scott P., 100, 101, 102

Major, Phillip J., 561n.

Makowski, L., 43

Maksimovic, Vojislav, 251, 270, 271

Malmgren, H., 283n., 293, 324

Maltzman, Forrest, 128

Manley, John F., 136

Manne, Henry, 235

March, James, 323

Marion, Fourcade-Gourinchas, 797

Marks, B., 533n.

Marks, Gary, 393, 841

Marks, Stephen, 455

Marshall, Alfred 281, 481, 595n., 795

Marshall, William, 52n., 124, 130, 527

Martens, Bertin, 632, 634

Martimort, David, 175

Martin, Lanny W., 116

Martin, Paul S., 719

Martin, Robert, 476n.

Martinez, Steve W., 452, 467n.

Marvasti, Akbar, 594n.

Mascarenhas, Briance, 421

Maskin, Eric S., 328, 739

Mason, Charles F., 339

Masten, Scott E., 52, 52n., 180, 294, 295,

297, 299, 306, 310, 328, 340, 342, 344,

436n., 439, 442, 443, 447, 452, 454,

478n., 597

Masters, John K., 439, 452n.

Mastruzzi, Massimo, 691

Matesova, Jana, 686

Mathewson, Frank, 180

Matsuzaki, T., 132

Mattei, Ugo, 243

Mauceri, Philip, 104

Mayer, Colin, 380

Mayhew, David, 127n., 139n.

Maz´e, Armelle, 298

McCabe, Kevin, 712

McCay, Bonnie J., 547n.

McChesney, Fred S., 580n.

McConachie, Lauros G., 126n.

McConnell, John J., 374

McCormick, Richard P., 80

McCubbins, Mathew D., 6, 70n., 123–41,

517, 526n., 527n., 529n., 532, 533n., 534,

535

McGinnis, Michael, 822, 841

McGuire, Patrick 796

McKelvey, Richard, 98

McKinnon, Ronald, 154, 672, 674n.

McMillan, John, 176, 266, 269, 684, 728,

731n., 732, 762n.

McNeill, William H., 265

Meagher, Patrick, 176

Means, Gardiner C., 311n.

Mebane, Walter, 100

Meckling, William H., 253, 386

Meehan, James W., 52n., 342, 439, 442, 452,

454

Menard, Claude, 1–18, 281–312, 445, 449,

455, 612n.,

Menem, Carlos, 111

Menger, Carl, 729, 731

Merryman, John H., 182, 184, 198, 252, 255,

256, 259, 264

Merton, Robert, 50

Messick, Richard, 177, 186

Meyer, V., 471n.

Michelman, Frank I., 242

Michels, Robert, 50, 57

Migot-Adholla, Shem, 575, 579

Miguel, Edward, 708, 717

Miles, Grant, 439

Milesi-Ferretti, 84

Milgrom, Paul, 175, 178, 216, 218, 237n.,

291, 306, 335, 336, 359, 360, 445, 476n.,

481, 485, 614

Mill, John Stuart, 465, 480, 482, 716

Miller, David, 107

Miller, Gary J., 10, 11, 125n., 349–69

Miller, Merton, 253

Miller, Ross A., 84

Millo, Yuval, 795

Mills, C. Wright, 796

Miner, Anne S., 411

Minier, J. A., 627n.

Miwa, Yoshiro, 389

Mizruchi, M., 792

Mnookin, R., 455

Moav, Omer, 759n.

Modigliani, Franco, 253

Moe, Terry M., 98, 527, 527n.

Moenaert, Rudy K., 407

Mokyr, Joel, 762n.

Moller, Stephanie, 796

Mollett, Nina, 561n.

Monroe, Burt, 72n.

Monteverde, Kirk, 52n., 328, 342, 343, 439,

442

Montinola, G., 162

Moore, John, 328, 334, 338, 454, 456, 739

Moorhouse, John, 241n.

Moorman, Christine, 409, 410, 411

Moran, M. J., 531

Moran, Peter, 453

Morck, Randall, 270

Moreaux, Michel, 560n.

Morgenstern, Scott, 80, 128

Moriguchi, C., 762n.

Morris, Colin, 769

Author Index 877

Morriss, Andrew, 241n.

Moselle, Boaz, 210, 749n.

Moser, Robert G., 81

Mueller, Bernardo, 14, 304, 305, 474, 547n.,

552, 573–88

Muldrew, Craig, 769, 775

Mulherin, J. Harold, 52n.

Muller, W., 128

Munger, Michael C., 78, 129n.

Munro, John H., 775

Munz, Peter, 770

Muris, Timothy J., 219, 342, 445

Murphy, James T., 125, 128n.

Murphy, Kevin J., 354, 383, 436, 450, 600

Murphy, W. F., 533n.

Murray, Michael, 551n.

Murrell, Peter, 16, 176, 186, 625, 630,

667–94

Musgrave, Richard, 150, 151, 153, 155, 158,

166

Muthoo, Abhinay, 749n.

Mwangi, Esther, 822

Myatt, David, 76n.

Myers, R., 561

Myers, Stewart C., 386

Myerson, Roger, 70n., 76n., 82, 332, 516

Nadeau, Richard, 77

Nalebuff, Barry, 356

Narayan, Deepa, 710

Nayak, P. Ranganath, 407

Nechyba, Thomas, 152n., 153

Nee, Victor, 17, 287n., 601n., 789–813

Nelson, Richard R., 402, 408, 812

Nepstad, Daniel, 586

Nerlove, Marc, 417

Netting, Robert McC., 840

Newcomb, Peter, 382

Nickerson, Jackson A., 441, 443, 452, 453,

484n.

Niemi, Richard, 76, 77, 79

Nijzink, Lia, 132

Niou, Emerson, 79, 139n.

Noble, Gregory W., 135

Noboa, Jaime, 115

Noll, Roger G., 125, 139, 603n.

Nooteboom, Bart, 298

Norgaard, Richard B., 547n.

Norlin, Kara, 583

878 Author Index

Norman, Ralph V., 772, 778

North, Douglass C., 1, 3, 4, 15, 21–30, 125n., 141, 166, 168, 175, 211, 216, 234, 236n., 264, 269, 283n., 284, 299, 304, 396, 519n., 575, 596, 598, 612, 612n., 614–17, 620–4, 629, 631, 634, 643, 644, 646, 672, 676, 691, 701, 729, 731, 732n., 747, 775, 789, 792, 798, 800, 805, 811n., 812

Nugent, Jeffrey B., 622, 622n.

Oakerson, Ronald J., 844

Oates, Wallace, 151, 153, 155, 158, 169

Octavio, Amorim Neto, 117

Oh, Sejo, 298, 301

O’Halloran, S., 526n., 527

Ohanian, Nancy Kane, 342, 439, 444

O’Hara, Erin, 224

Okazaki, Tetsuji, 760

Olds, K. B., 746, 762n.

O’Leary, Michael, 677

Oleszek, Walter, 133, 134

Olson, Mancur, 264n., 547, 554, 603, 708,

711, 719n., 750, 838

Opler, Tim, 382

Ordeshook, Peter C., 126n. 163

Ordover, Janusz, 324

Osborn, Richard N., 414

Osborne, Evan, 240

Osborne, Martin, 83n.

Ostrom, Elinor, 2, 7, 10, 17, 547n., 577n.,

632, 633n., 634, 712, 715, 819–45

Ostroy, J., 43

Ouchi, William G., 295, 367, 368

Owen, Bruce, 603n.

Oxley, Joanne E., 297, 301, 413, 446, 449

Pagano, Marco, 252, 264, 393, 660

Page, Karen, 793

Pakes, Ariel, 402

Palay, Thomas, 52n. 295, 297, 298, 439n.,

449, 455

Palfrey, Thomas, 76n., 163

Pantoja, Enrique, 705

Panunzi, Fausto, 688

Parente, Stephen, 213, 225

Pargal, Sheoli, 710, 719

Parigi, Bruno, 481

Parisi, Francesco, 221

Park, Seung Ho, 296, 301

Parker, Glenn R., 128, 420

Parker, Suzanne L., 128

Parks, McLean, 354

Parrish, Scott, 105

Parsons, Wes, 221

Passell, P., 168

Pattie, Charles J., 76

Patzelt, J. Werner, 128

Pauly, M., 363

Pawakapan, Niti, 403

Paxton, Pamela, 709

Payne, J. Mark, 632n.

Paz-Ares, C´andido, 242

Peltzman, Sam, 32, 57, 516

Pendlebury, Norman, 234

Peng, Yusheng, 773

Pennings, Johannes M., 443

Perez, Carlos Andres, 115

Peron, Juan, 629

Perotti, Enrico C., 84, 393, 675

Perry, Martin, 323, 467n.

Persico, Nicola, 84

Persson, Torsten, 83, 84, 86, 99, 100, 527n.,

706

Peter Klein, 12, 340

Peter, Tsar, 631

Petersen, Trond, 803

Pettengill, John S., 758

Pfeil, Christian, 450

Pflueger, Burton W., 471n.

Phillips, Owen R., 339

Pigou, A. C., 36

Pintor, Lopez, 74, 79

Piore, Michael J., 394

Pipes, Richard, 211

Pirrong, Stephen Craig, 439, 452

Pisano, Gary P., 295, 416, 446

Pistor, Katharina, 177, 254n., 259, 260, 264,

619, 679, 680, 686

Plant, Arnold, 33, 34

Podolny, Joel, 793, 794

Polak, Benjamin, 210, 749n.

Polanyi, Karl, 769

Policansky, D., 547n.

Polinsky, A. Mitchell, 738

Pollak, Robert, 595

Polsby, Nelson W, 130

Polski, Margaret M, 822

Pomeranz, Kenneth, 766, 767

Poole, Keith T., 128

Pop-Eleches, Cristian, 272

Poppo, Laura, 453

Porath, Ben, 304

Porter, Michael E, 449

Portes, Alejandro, 701, 705n., 739, 791

Posner, Eric, 491, 509

Posner, Richard A., 56, 57, 207, 217, 232,

241

Postel-Vinay, Gilles, 234n.

Poterba, James, 158

Pound, Roscoe, 177, 264

Powell, G. Bingham, 84, 116

Powell, Major John Wesley, 582

Powell, Walter W., 297, 301, 797, 780, 802,

828n

Power, Timothy, 104

Prendergast, Canice, 363, 365, 476, 476n.,

481

Prescott, Edward, 213, 225

Priest, George L., 52n., 221, 230, 242, 261

Pritchett, Lance, 625, 710, 720

Przeworski, Adam, 95, 162, 747

Puterman, Louis, 292n.

Putnam, Robert, 624, 642n., 701n., 702, 710,

714

Putsis, William P., 420

Qian, Yingyi, 154, 159, 162, 688n., 689, 768 Quibria, M.G., 632n.

Radford, R. A., 595

Radner, Roy, 288, 290, 361

Rae, Douglas, 77

Rahn, Wendy, 719

Raiser, Martin, 679

Rajan, Raghuram G., 251, 252, 261, 264,

268, 270, 393, 619, 775

Ramasastry, Slavova, 680

Ramseyer, Mark, 389, 533n.

Rao, Akshay R., 423

Rao, C. H. Hanamutha, 475

Rao, Vithala R., 407

Rapaczynski, Andrzej, 207

Raskov, Danila, 604

Rasmusen, Eric, 843

Rauch, James E., 807

Ravenscraft David J., 382

Raviv, Artur, 352, 368

Author Index 879

Ray, Debraj, 732n., 733, 734

Raynaud, Emmanuel, 297–98, 448

Razo, Armando, 644n

Recanatini, Francesca, 675

Redding S. Gordon, 767

Reed, Steven, 72, 77, 79, 139n.

Regan, Laureen, 342, 424, 444

Reingen, Peter H., 418

Remington, Thomas, 105

Renate Mayntz, 827

Renneboog, Luc, 380

Revesz, Richard, 155

Reynods, Thomas H., 266, 439, 447, 778

Ribstein, Larry E., 224

Richard, Jean-Francois, 177, 259, 264

Richardson, Gary, 746

Richter, Rudolf, 731

Riker, William H., 98, 126n., 149, 150, 160,

162

Riley, M. W., 803

Rindfleisch, Aric, 52, 436n.

Ripley, Randall B., 133

Robbins, Lionel, 32, 42

Roberts, John, 302

Robertson, Paul L., 337, 342, 442

Robertson, Thomas S., 412, 418, 420, 421,

422

Robinson, James, 205, 211, 212, 225, 244n.,

245n. 265, 622, 707, 759 see also AJR

Rochon, Thomas, 697

Rodden, Jonathan, 154, 159

Rodrik, Dani, 212, 620n., 627

Roe, Mark J., 9n., 11, 245, 264, 291,

371–97, 457, 619

Roethlisberg, F. J., 803

Rogers, Everett M., 418

Rohde, David, 126, 126n., 129, 136

Roland, G´erard, 99, 154, 672, 673n., 674n.,

687, 689, 694n.

Roll, Richard, 626, 626n.

Romano, Roberta, 383, 389

Romer, Thomas, 99, 159, 170

Root, Hilton L., 759

Rose, Carol M., 567n.

Rose-Ackerman, Susan, 738

Rosen, Shewin, 356

Rosenberg, Nathan, 211

Rosenbluth, Frances M., 79, 80, 125, 139

Rosenstone, Steven J., 81

880 Author Index

Rosenthal, Howard, 99, 128, 134, 139, 141,

234n., 263, 615

Rostagno, 84

Roth, Victor J., 450

Rothbard, Murray, 42n.

Rother, Larry, 116

Rauch, James, 793

Roumasset, James, 578

Rowley, Charles K., 221

Roy, Ewell Paul, 467n.

Rozenweig, Michael, 387

Rubin, Paul H., 8, 9, 198, 205–25, 230, 240,

243, 252, 261, 263, 295, 300

Rubinfeld, Danile, 153, 158, 263

Rucker, Randal, 52n., 476n., 478n.

Rundquist, Barry S., 130

Ryterman, Randi, 176, 675, 684

Saa, Rodriguez, 115

Sabel, Charles F., 394, 442

Sachs, Jeffrey, 654n., 685, 792, 808

Saiegh, 159

Sako, Mari, 414

Sala, Brian R., 130

Sala-I-Martin, Xavier, 625

Salanie, Bernard, 478n.

Salant, Stephen, 551n., 560n.

Saloner, Garth, 324

Salop, Steven, 324

Salter, Sir Arthur, 33

Salzberg, E. M., 533n.

Samuels, David J., 81, 95n.

Samwick, Andrew, 383

Sanguinetti, Pablo, 154

Sappington, David E. M., 465

Sarney, Jose, 105

Sartori, Giovanni, 95

Sarvary, Miklos, 420

Sato, Seizaburo, 132, 586

Satterthwaite, M., 332

Saussier, St´ephane, 52, 436n., 443, 446,

447

Sauv´ee, Lo¨ıc, 467

Sawyer, Amos, 825

Saxenian, AnnaLee, 795

Schachter, Stanley, 803

Scharfstein, David, 310

Scharpf, Fritz, 827

Scheffman, David, 342, 445

Scherer, F. M. 382, 422

Schickler, Eric, 130

Schindt, Richard, 443

Schlager, Edella, 822, 840

Schlesinger, Rudolph B., 255, 258

Schmalensee, Richard, 554, 565n., 566,

566n., 567n.

Schmidt, Gregory, 104

Schmittlein, David C., 52n., 298, 342, 343,

424, 439, 444

Schmitz, Patrick, 208

Schmookler, Jacob, 402, 405, 414

Schneider, Martin J., 191n., 198, 305, 547n.,

576

Schofield, Norman, 98, 116, 141

Schrank, William E., 558n.

Schranz, Mary, 597

Schumpeter, Joseph, 69, 401, 403, 416n.,

650, 672

Schutz, Alfred, 812

Schwartz, Alan, 198, 308

Schwartz, E. P., 527n., 533n., 535

Schwartz, Thomas, 127, 129, 136

Schwindt, Richard, 342

Scott, Anthony D., 551

Scott, Gordon H., 551

Scott, R. W., 50

Scott, Robert, 196, 198

Scott, W. Richard, 825

Scully, Gerald W., 211, 212, 219, 222

Sealy, Tom, 655

Sebenius, James K., 558n.

Sekhon, Jasjeet, 100

Selznick, Philip., 50

Sen, Amartya Kumar, 627n.

Sensenbrenner, J., 791

Seo, Myeong-Gu, 825

Sethi, S. Prakash, 419

Shaked, A., 188

Shamis, Hector, 115

Shankar, Venkatesh, 421

Sharon, Ariel, 95

Sharp, Basil, 561n.

Shavell, Steven, 198, 237n., 352, 353, 368,

738

Shaw, Kathrin, 297, 444

Shelanski, Howard A., 52, 340, 436n.,

478n.

Shepherd, George B., 187

Shepherd, William G., 187

Shepsle, Kenneth, 98, 99, 116, 124, 125,

130, 134, 138, 527, 825, 839

Shimanoff, Susan B., 810

Shin, Taekjin, 794

Shipan, Charles, 116, 527, 533n.

Shirley, Mary M., 1–18, 603n., 611–35, 668,

721, 722, 836

Shirk, Susan L., 162, 809

Shiue, Carol H., 766

Shleifer, Andrei, 176, 219, 243, 251, 253,

254n., 256, 263, 264n., 264n., 272, 273,

365, 599, 681, 688, 738, 771, 807 see also

LLSV and LLS.

Shotton, Ross, 560n., 561n.

Shugart, Matthew, 70n., 72, 72n., 73, 77, 80,

82, 95, 97, 100–104, 134, 139n., 526n.,

530

Shvetsova, Olga, 105

Siermann, C. L. J., 627n.

Silva, S. C., 586

Silverman, Brian S., 441, 443, 452, 453,

484n.

Simester, Duncan, 366

Simon, Herbert A., 46–51, 283, 288, 290,

292, 323, 792

Simpson, Brian, 240, 482

Sinclair, Barbara, 129, 133, 135

Singer, Miroslav, 683

Singerman, Diane, 596

Singh, Harbir, 412

Sirks, Boudewijn, 236

Skach, Cindy, 95

Skaperdas, Stergios, 727n.

Slade, Margaret, 448

Slivinski, Al, 83n.

Slocum, John W., 368

Smith, Adam, 31, 32, 325, 465, 471n., 473,

480, 482, 483, 596

Smith, Henry E., 211, 577n.

Smith, James L., 562n., 563n., 564n.

Smith, Steven S., 105, 128, 130, 133

Smyth, David, 594n. Smyth, R., 667n.,

670n., 674n.

Snyder, Edward A., 52n., 180, 328, 340, 342,

344, 439, 442, 452, 454

Snyder, James M., 128n.

Sobel, Joel, 701n.

Soda, Giuseppe, 297, 301

Author Index 881

Sokoloff, Kenneth L., 15, 265, 269, 620,

621, 639–62

Solow, Robert, 60

Somanathan, E., 715

Sotomayer, Narda L., 479n.

Spence, Michael, 351, 422

Spilerman, S., 796

Spiller, Pablo T., 5, 13, 52n., 515–38, 629,

630, 634

Spitzer, M., 533n.

Sproule-Jones, Mark, 832

Spulber, Daniel F., 404, 443

Squires, Dale, 560n.

Stark, David, 672, 796, 809n.

Stein, Ernesto, 107

Stein, Robert M., 125

Stepan, Alfred, 95

Stern, Paul C., 547n., 833

Stevenson, Randolph, 116

Stewart, Charles H., 130

Stigler, George J., 36, 254, 306, 325, 516,

604

Stiglitz, Joseph, 356, 475, 481, 685n., 687,

805

Stinchcombe, Arthur, 797

Stockder, Archibald H. 595

Stolle, Dietlind, 719

Stone, Yasunori, 74, 79

Stonich, Susan, 547n.

Stout, Lynn, 376

Strauss, R., 153

Strausz, Ronald, 358

Strikler, 473

Strom, Kaare, 116, 125, 128

Stryker, Robin, 795

Stukey, John, 342, 443

Stulz, Rene, 264, 269, 762n.

Su´arez, Eugenia, 455

Subramanian, Arvind, 212

Sultan, F., 419

Summers, Lawrence, 365

Sutton, John, 188, 796

Svejnar, Jan, 670, 673, 676, 683

Svenson, Palle, 129

Svetsova, Olga, 163

Swart, Koendraad W., 234, 236

Swedberg, Richard, 17, 789–812

Swinnen, Johan, 675

Sykuta, Michael, 595

882 Author Index

Syropoulos, C., 749n.

Szymanski, David M., 408

Taagepera, Rein, 73, 77, 97, 526n.

Tabellini, Guido, 83, 84, 86, 99, 100, 527n.,

706

Tadelis, Steven, 45, 61, 456

Talbott, John, 626, 626n.

Talley, Eric, 208

Tang, Shui Yan, 822, 840

Tapon, F., 415

Tarassova, Anna, 206, 375, 376, 673

Taylor, George, 236

Taylor, Michael, 841

Teece, David J., 52n., 289, 295, 297, 312,

328, 342, 343, 405, 409, 414, 415, 416,

439, 442, 443

Telser, Lester, 178, 215, 324

Temple, Jonathan, 626n.

Tennyson, Sharon, 424

Terpstra, Vern, 415

Terreborne, Peter, 221, 229, 240

Terrell, Katherine, 670

Thevaranjan, Alex, 357

Thies, Michael, 72, 125, 129

Thomas, Robert P., 211, 234

Thompson, James S., 54n.

Thornton, Patricia, 794

Thurman, Walter N., 467n.

Tiebout, Charles, 150–2, 155–6, 166,

169

Tiller, Emerson, 533n.

Tilly, Charles, 770

Tirole, Jean, 32, 52, 291, 323, 324, 328, 329,

331–3, 357–9, 516, 526n., 739

Tollison, Robert, 263, 363

Tommasi, Mariano, 5, 13, 159, 515–38, 629,

634

Tooby, John, 240, 241

Toulmin, Stephen, 832

Townsend, Robert M., 738, 739

Trebbi, Frencesco, 212

Trebilcock, Michael, 194

Triandis, Harry C., 778

Troesken, W., 521n., 522

Tsebelis, George, 70n., 99, 98, 141, 526n.,

527n.

Tsoodle, Leah J., 479n.

Tullock, Gordan, 43, 221, 263, 582, 839

Tutt, Tim, 125

Twight, Charlotte, 221, 240

Udovitch, A. L., 756

Udry, Christopher, 778

Uggen, Christopher, 806

Ulen, Thomas, 207, 232, 241

Ulrich, Karl T., 406–08, 411

Ulset, S., 443

Umbeck, John, 575, 577n.

Uphoff, 701

Urban, Glen L., 410, 421, 422

Urbiztondo, S., 527n., 531, 533n.

Useem, Michael, 380

Uzzi, Brian, 791, 792

Vagliasindi, Maria, 682 Vagts, Deltev, 391 Valenzuela, Arturo, 95 Valenzuela, J. S., 106

van Bastelaer, Thierry, 718n. Van den Bulte, C., 407 Vannoni, Davide, 340, 436n. Varian, Hal, 41

Varshney, Ashutosh, 719, 720 Vazquez-Vicente, Xose Henrique, 292n. Vishny, Robert, W., 219, 243, 251, 253, 599,

681, 738, 807 Vogelsang, Igor, 530, 536n.

Volpin, Paolo, 252, 264, 271, 393 von Hagen, Jurgen, 158

Von Hippel, Eric, 410 von Savigny, Karl, 256n.

von Thadden, Ernst-Ludwig, 393

Wachter, M., 335

Wada, Tetsuo, 453

Wade, Robert, 624, 720

Wagner, Richard E., 240, 241, 246

Walder, Andrew G., 796

Walker, David I., 383

Walker, Edward L., 803n.

Walker, Gordon, 342, 439, 442, 473

Walker, James, 547n., 821n., 822, 827, 829,

838

Walker, T. G., 533n.

Wallis, John Joseph, 157, 160, 598

Walsh, Patrick Paul, 675

Wang, Yijiang, 674

Warwick, Paul, 116

Waterman, David, 339

Wathne, Kenneth H., 414, 424

Watson, Joel, 733

Wattenberg, Martin P., 72, 80

Weatherford, M. Stephen, 139

Webb, Steven B., 154

Weber, David, 342, 439, 442

Weber, Elke U., 547n.

Weber, Max, 623, 639n., 641n., 642, 642n.,

790, 791, 796, 799n., 805, 806, 807, 812

Weber, Robert, 76n.

Weinberg, John A., 739

Weingast, Barry R., 5–7, 52n., 124, 125,

130, 141, 149–70, 175, 178, 216, 234,

237n., 306, 395, 479n., 522n., 526n., 527,

531, 533n., 580n., 616, 621, 622, 629,

630, 643n., 644n., 729, 732n., 738, 747,

754, 775

Weisbach, Michael S., 380

Weise, Jill C., 551n.

Weiss, Allen M., 443

Weiss, Andrew, 339

Weiss, Avi, 444

Weissing, Franz J., 827

Weitz, Barton A., 52n., 298, 414, 439, 444,

450

Weldon, Jeffrey, 103, 133n.

Wetterberg, Anna, 720

Whaples, Robert, 241n.

Whinston, Michael, 57, 285n., 324, 339

White, Harrison C., 304, 790, 793, 794, 802,

804

Whitford, Andrew B., 361

Whitten, Guy, 76

Whyte, William Foote, 803n.

Wibbels, 163, 164

Wiggins, Steven, 305, 451n., 553n., 563

Wildasin, David, 154

Wilen, James E., 558n., 560n.

Williams, Charles M., 484

Williams, John, 833, 841

Williamson, Oliver E., 1, 2, 4, 12, 17, 31, 35,

38, 41–60, 125n., 175, 179, 196, 213,

282–88, 290–97, 299–301, 303, 307–11,

311n., 320–22, 327, 329, 332, 333, 335–8,

375, 379, 394, 395, 403, 404, 409, 414,

425, 426, 436–42, 445, 452, 454–6, 479,

515, 517, 519n., 521n., 538, 597, 600,

Author Index 883

601, 614, 630, 668, 671, 672, 676, 688, 692, 694, 712, 730n., 731, 737, 739, 789, 800, 820

Williamson, Rohan, 264, 269, 762n. Willis, Eliza, 163

Wilson, Christine A., 479n. Wilson, James A., 449 Wilson, Rick, 125

Wilson, Woodrow, 126n. Wind, Yoram, 419 Winter, Ralph, 180, 324

Winter, Sidney G., 35, 293, 812 Witt, Ulrich, 293 Wolfensberger, Don, 133 Wong, R. Bin, 752, 756, 767

Woodruff, Christopher, 176, 266, 269, 684, 731n., 732, 743, 762n.

Woodward, Susan, 311, 311n., 312 Woolcock, M., 701, 720

Worm, Boris, 561 Wurgler, Jeffrey, 270 Wynne, Susan G., 822

Xu, Chen-Gang, 254n.

Xu, Colin, 690

Xuereb, Jean-Marc, 410

Yafeh, Yishai, 688

Yamagishi, Midori, 712

Yamagishi, Toshio, 712

Yamamoto, Tadashi, 557n.

Yang Li, Mu, 752, 756, 767

Yarbrough, Beth V., 286, 450, 746

Yarbrough, Robert M., 286, 450, 746

Yellen, Janet L., 358

Yeltsin, President, 105

Yen, Gili, 594

Yeung, Bernard, 270

Yoon, Jeongkoo, 803n.

Yoon, Yong J., 551n.

Young, Cheryl D., 126, 130

Young, H. Peyton, 469

Yu, Chwo-Ming J., 415

Yu, Wyane, 270

Zak, Paul, 703, 708, 716, 717

Zeckhauser, Richard, 351

Zelenitz, Alan, 159, 170

Zelin, Madeleine, 766

884 Author Index

Zelizer, Viviana, 790, 795

Zelner, Bennett A., 455, 522n.

Zenger, Todd, 453

Zervos, Sara, 251

Zielinski, Jakub, 81

Zingales, Luigi, 251, 252, 261, 264,

265, 268, 270, 271, 379, 393, 619,

775

Zinnes, Clifford, 685

Zoido-Lobaton, Pablo, 677, 679

Zorn, Dirk, 794

Zucker, Lynne G., 308n., 713, 713n., 716

Zuckerman, Ezra, 793, 795

Zupan, M. A., 128n.

Zweigert, Konrad, 257, 258, 263

Zywicki, Todd J., 221, 222, 224, 235