Английский язык. Методичка

VSU is a state educational … of higher … training. The Government … VSU in 1918. Its first Rector was an … historian. The … of new Faculties, … , research divisions, … of new methods began in1960s. The research plans of the science were incorporated into … academic programs.

Departments, allunion, creation, outstanding, introduction, established, establishment, professional.

3. Answer the following questions.

1.What is VSU?

2.Under whose authority is it?

3.What is the complete name of VSU?

5.Who was its first Rector?

6.What were the first faculties?

7.Who carries the power of the founder?

8.How many students and postgraduates study at VSU today?

UNIT TWO BRITAIN

TEXT ONE

In Britain, the minimum school-leaving age is 16. There are mainly two types of school; comprehensive, and grammar. Within these schools, the pupils can choose a different range of subjects. At the age of 16, young people take G.C.S.E.(General Certificate of Secondary Education) examination.

Those who want to can continue at school to take “A” (Advanced) Level examinations (in Scotland, ”Highers”). Students must achieve good results in these

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examinations to be accepted for a university place. At university, (or polytechnic) people study for a degree. In general, the first degree is awarded after 3-4 years study and success in examinations and is either a BA (Bachelor of Arts) or a B.Sc. (Bachelor of Science).If you are awarded Honours it means your degree is of a higher standard than ordinary pass. Students can then do further courses for special subjects such as medicine or law and get the appropriate qualification or after another year or two of study and examinations in their chosen subject at university they can achieve the second degree, an MA (Master of Arts) or MSc (Master of Sciences). Finally, if they undertake research work and produce a thesis, after another few years, they can receive the third, highest level degree, the PhD (Doctor of Philisophy).(1281)

TEXT TWO

All children in Britain between the ages of 5 and 16 must, by law, attend school or be otherwise educated in a way approved by the local education authority. After the age of 16 a growing proportion are staying on voluntary at school, some until 18 or 19, the age of entry into higher education in Universities and Polytechnics. The majority of schools in Britain are supported by public funds, and the education provided is free. But there is also a small sector which includes public schools where parents have to pay fees to send their children. All state schools include primary schools, for children aged up to 11 years (12 in Scotland), and secondary schools. The timetable generally goes from 9.00 a.m. to 4.00 p.m. with a lunch break of about 1 ½ hours. Many students have lunch at school.

Until recently, secondary schools were divided into grammar and secondary modern. During the early 160s, comprehensive schools were also introduced. Comprehensives are schools where pupils of all abilities are educated together. Many local education authorities are now in the process of changing completely to comprehensive education.(1135)

Glossary

1.comprehensive school - “всеобщ ая” средняяш кола

2.grammar school - грамматическаяш кола

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3.secondary school – средняяш кола

4.to be accepted – быть принятым

5.to be awarded – быть награж денным

6.to undertake - проводить , предпринимать, выполнять

7.research work – исследовательскаяработа

8.to pay fees – вносить плату

9.public school – частнаяш кола

Lexical – Grammar exercises

1. Find in the text the English for:

различные; аттестат о среднем образовании; бакалавр гуманитарных наук; продолж ить обучение; магистр естественных наук; по закону; добровольно остаться; возраст поступления; бесплатное образование; начальная ш кола; средняяш кола.

2. Translate into English:

1.В Россииминимальный возраствыпускникасредней ш колы 16 лет.

2.П о окончании ш колы ученики сдаю т экзамен на аттестат о среднем образовании.

3.Т е, кто хотят продолж ить образование, могут поступить в высш ие учебныезаведения.

4.В среднем, вуниверситетестуденты обучаю тся5 лет.

5. Студенты могут изучать предметы по выбору согласно их будущ ей спец иальности.

6.Грамматическая ш кола предоставляет «сильное» классическое образованиеидаетправонапоступлениевуниверситет.

7.В В еликобританиипримерно90 университетов.

8.Самый крупный – Л ондонский университет, а самые старейш ие – университеты О ксф ордаиК ембридж а.

3.Use the appropriate question word in the following sentences:

1.… . are you going to? – To Moscow.

2.… is the house made of? – It is made of brick.

3.… did he arrive? – At ten o’clock.

4.… of the pencils is longer? – The red one.

5.… told you to go there immediately? – The teacher did.

6.… bag was left in the corridor? – It was Peter’s.

7.… has he paid for his new suit? – Not much, I suppose.

4. Use the correct question ‘tag’for the following sentences:

1.Nick wanted to write a letter, …

2.Pete was absent yesterday, …

3.There is a new film on television, …

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2.Гдемой словарь?

3.И х родной язык– немец кий.

4.У неенетучебника. Я могудать ей свой.

5.П роф ессор Смитвсегдатщ ательнопроверяетсвоирезультаты.

6.О н нелю битрассказывать намосвоей работе.

7.М эри– ж урналистка. О налю битсвою работу.

8.Э тоегоперевод, анемой.

9.Э тонеиx дело.

10.Я немогувыполнить этуработусам.

10.Correct the following:

1.New York is the larger city in the United States.

2.He is the better student from all.

3.John is more stronger than his brother.

4.I am two years elder than my sister.

5.Which is the heaviest, you or I?

6.This boy’s manners are more good than his brother’s.

7.Which of the boys is the taller from the class.

8.Which of these three girls is the elder?

11. Open the brackets. Use the correct form of the adjectives.

1.My reading is (good) than my spelling.

2.Today he is (attentive) than yesterday.

3.This is the (good) way to develop language skills.

4.This exercise is (easy) than the next one.

5.This is the (wonderful) story I ever heard.

6.New classification is (precise) than the old one.

12.Choose the correct verb form Present Simple or Continuous.

1.I go/am going to work now. Goodbye!

2.I read/am reading a book about astrology.

3.I read/am reading lots of books every year.

4.We go/are going to a party on Saturday.

5.Nurses look/are looking after people in hospital.

6.Anni comes/is coming from Ireland.

7.She comes/is coming for dinner this evening.

8.I speak/am speaking four languages.

9.Do you want/Are you wanting to go out tonight.

13.Open the brackets.

1.We(to go) to school above all to learn how to learn.

2.The award of diplomas (to take place) at 4 p.m.

3.You (to hear) voices in the corridor?

5.He is polite. He never (to interrupt) people when they (to speak).

6.The teacher’s voice (to change) according to what he (to say).

7.What one (to see) oneself is the most satisfactory evidence.

14.Make sentences using words given below and the verbs in the Present Simple or The Present Continuous Tense:

1.the speaker, to give, a talk. 2. to stand, he, in front of the audience. 3. attentively, the audience, to listen. 4. to be, the talk, interesting. 5. the teacher, to ask questions. 6. the students, the answers, to know. 7. the teacher, to write, on the blackboard.

15.Rewrite the sentences in the Present Continuous using the correspondent adverbials of time.

1.Students work on their projects every day.

2.He seldom considers the actual content of the course.

3.The scientist works on his new paper.

4.He plans to learn as much as possible.

5.Where will you stay in London?

UNIT THREE AMERICA

The school leaving age varies in America from state to state, but the average age is 16. Secondary schools are known as High Schools and there are no end-of-school examinations as a system of continuos assessment operates. Students must achieve a grade-point-average (GPA) every year in order to pass to the next year. There is a special examination for acceptance at university or college.

It’s called the SAT (Standard Achievement Test) and can be taken three times to allow students to submit their highest scores to a university. There are two parts to the exam, Maths and English. Additional exam may be taken in other subjects to increase students’chances of being accepted by a university. GPA’s and SAT’s are taken into consideration for the university admittance.

First degrees, as in Britain, are the Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Sciences. It usually takes four years to get a first degree as the first year is a course of general subjects identical for all. A system of continuous assessment operates as at high

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school. By the middle of the second year, students must choose a specific course of study and this is their ‘major’ for the degree. After the first degree, students can attend Graduate School for specialized studies. The length of the courses and the qualification vary depending on the subject.

As in Britain, the highest degree is a Ph.D. which can be awarded after the student has successfully completed a piece of independent research and produced a thesis. (1237)

Glossary

1.end-of school – выпускной

2.score – балл, очко

3.to increase – увеличивать

4.degree – звание, научнаястепень

5.Graduate School – аспирантура

6.to complete - заверш ать

Lexical Grammar Exercises

1. Find English equivalents to the following words.

Средний; аттестац ия; средняя оц енка; с тем, чтобы; прием; позволять; подавать на рассмотрение; принимать во внимание; доступ; одинаковый; проф илирую щ аядисц иплина; зависеть; успеш но.

2. Make adjectives with the help of the following suffixes:

3. Write the possessives of the words in brackets.

1.The registers are in the (teachers) room.

2.The teacher marks her (pupils) essays in the evening.

3.The meetings are held in the (Dean) office.

4.Where are those (students) books?

5.What’s (John) occupation?

6.What are the (professor) requirements?

4. Put in the missing possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns.

3.We saw … in the mirror.

4.I taught … to play the piano.

10.There are plenty of cakes here, Richard, help … .

6. Make interrogative and negative sentences:

1.He has got some fresh newspapers.

2.They have got some money.

3.Somebody from the Department of Education is here.

4.There is something in what he says.

5.He lives somewhere near here.

6.There’s someone in the room.

7.Fill in the gaps with somebody/anybody, something/anything etc.

1.Is there … here who speaks English?

2. Do you have … idea where I could borrow … money?

3.… tells me you have got bad news for me.

4.He had … idea what to do next.

5. I am very sorry but there is … message for you.

6.Our lecturer wanted to make up … exercises to teach the students how to use a

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3.The driver stops the car.

4.He drinks tea every day.

5.It begins to rain.

6.I dream every night.

7.The dog eats its dinner.

8.The teacher gives me a book.

9.We catch fish in the river.

10.He goes to school.

13.Make the following sentences Interrogative.

1.Mr.Brown walked to his office.

2.The boys tried to understand the lesson.

3.You believed what he said.

4.He wrote to his brother every day.

5.The baker sold good cakes.

6.The lesson began at nine o’clock.

7.They all went to the football match.

8.She said she was very busy.

9.Mr. Smith caught the eight o’clock train.

10.We bought that fruit from Greece.

14.Change the following from Simple Present Tense to Past Continuous Tense.

1.She helps me.

2.A friend plays the piano.

3.We listen to the music.

4.You make a lot of mistakes.

5.The farmer works in the field.

6.The small boy rings the bell.

7.He looks at the pictures.

8.The workman paints the house.

15. Change the following sentences from Simple Past Tense to Past Continuous Tense.

1.I opened the door.

2.The cat slept.

3.The boys wrote a letter.

4.We sang a song.

5.I hoped you would come.

6.Thomas made a model plane.

7.The bell rang.

8.Richard and Henry swam in the river.