Text b. Isaak Newton (1643-1727)

1. Isaak Newton is one of the greatest men in the history of science. He was born in a small village of Woolsthorpe in England. His father was a poor farmer. When the boy was fourteen his father died. Newton left school and helped his mother on the farm. But the boy did not like farming, he was fond of poetry and mathematics. So Newton was sent back to school where he studied well and made his first scientific experiments. After he left school Newton studied at Cambridge University.

2. In the autumn of 1660, Cambridge University was closed. The Great Plague spread in England and Newton had to return to his village and stay there for eighteen month. At home he went on with his studies. When he was twenty-one Newton formulated the binomial theorem. After graduating Newton lectured on mathematics at Cambridge University. Newton’s greatest discovery is the law of gravitation.

3. In 1703 his countrymen elected Newton President of the Royal Society. On February 18, 1727 he attended his last meeting of the Royal Society. On March 20, 1727 he died and was buried in Westminster Abbey. There is a monument to Newton in Trinity College at Cambridge with the inscription: Newton, who Surpassed All men of Science.

Вариант № 2

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. This crop grows better in dry climate.

2. The climatic conditions in the north are worse than in the south.

3. In Siberia farmers grow the best wheat.

4. This is the most productive method of work.

5. Kew is one of the largest parks in London.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, определите в них видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив.

1. Farm machinery changed the life and work on the farm.

2. The teacher wanted to know why he had made so many mistakes.

3. We were reading when he come in.

4. They will harvest fruit in autumn.

5. London lies on the Thames.

6. They have just finished the experiment.

III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. We can see some plants only with a microscope.

2. In spring the farmers have to work every day.

3. He is busy. He may be late.

4. My friend will be able to finish the experiment only tomorrow.

5. We must regulate the temperature conditions.

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Подчеркните Participle I, Participle II, установите их функции (определение, обстоятельство или часть глагола-сказуемого).

1. We can use the method suggested by this scientist.

2. When given the book read the article about rare plants.

3. We grow plants having great importance in our life.

4. I know he was working at your laboratory last year.

V. Прочтите и устно переведите весь текст. Письменно переведите абзац 2.

Text a. Scotland

1. In area, Scotland is the more than half as big as England. Its population is, however, only one eighth as great as that of England and is a little over 5 million people. Scotland was an independent kingdom, often at war with England, until 1603 when King James VI of Scotland became King of England. In 1707 the Act of Union was passed under which Scotland and England became a united part, but the Scots kept their own legal system, religion and administrative systems and still keep them now.

2. The Gaelic language is still rather used than English among the people of the remote Highland districts. The English language is spoken all over Scotland with a variety of regional accents. There are many words and phrases which are peculiar to Scottish use thus maintaining national distinctness.

3. Scotland is a northern land consisting of the Highlands – a northern area with a harsh climate, and the Lowlands – an industrial region with about three quarters of population. Scotland is a land of scenic splendour. The dramatic Highland with their snow-capped mountains, wooded glens and shining lochs give way to the salmon rivers, rich farmland and picturesque fishing villages of the Lowlands.

4. Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland, is associated with science, low and administration. It is internationally famous too as one of the most beautiful cities in Europe and is popularity known as «the Athens of the North». Located on the seven hills, Edinburgh goes down to the bay Firth of Forth. The highest hill is called «King Arthur’s Chair», is 300 meters above sea level.

5. It is also associated with the names of George Landon, Byron and Walter Scott, Robert Louis Stevenson, Robert Burns and Arthur Conan Doyle. In the old town houses with narrow windows are climbing up by narrow streets towards the ancient Edinburgh Castle in the middle of the city. The main street, Princes Street, is a mile long with beautiful houses and a monument to Walter Scott.