yashchuk_tsepkalo (1)

4.The final stage of crushing and the preliminary stage of grinding are economically combined into one______

a) unit b) action

c) operation

5.Impact crushers offer the lowest capital______

a)price

b)cost

c)expense

6. Impact crushers can be adapted for wet crushing and grinding to produce

______

a)liquor

b)solution

c)slurry

5. Match the words to make up possible word combinations and translate

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4. Different types of industrial grinders used for breaking down and mixing rough material.

5, A rotating cylinder is partially filled with balls, usually stone or metal.

In industrial and manufacturing process there are different types of industrial grinders.

6.Cascading effect decreases the material to a very fine and give it powder shape.

7.Impact crushers can be adapted for wet crushing to produce a slurry.

8.Make a brief engineering report explaining the difference between a ball mill and an impact crusher. Mention the design, the principle of work and materials to be processed.

9.Using the following list of items explain what processes can be used to efficiently achieve the specified particle size reduction of each material. Take into consideration physical properties of the materials.

Clay, gravel, lime, gypsum, soft metallic ores, large rocks, iron ore, concretes,

graphite, dry chemicals, viscous materials, sand, activated carbon

10.Pick up the key words from the text “Grinders”. Make up your own sentences with them.

11.Write an abstract to the text “Grinders”.

12.Get ready for presenting the topic “Grinders” at the conference ”Innovations in Science and Engineering” based on the following questions of Task 4.

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LESSON 10

1. Role-play "At the Conference". Learn some useful language and sample scripts included below. Choose the topic you would like to present to your classmates. Act it out.

Roles:

1)The Chairperson

2)A reporter

3)An active listener.

The Chairperson

Welcome to the …… annual……….. of the……... It is great to see

………………….. here celebrating the genius and innovation of ……………

over the years. It has been a long time since ……………… and look how far we’ve come! Are you happy to be here?

……is pleased to host this conference in ……….. this year where we will have the opportunity to ………….!

I know that many of you have traveled from quite a distance and I’d like to acknowledge our members from ……………. who have made this long trip to participate in the largest, most extensive …………….. we have ever had.

Among the activities we have planned are workshops about the

………………… such as the ………..as well as demonstrations of …………….

We are honored to………

It's a pleasure to…………..

Prepare yourself to be……………

Welcome…………..!

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The reporter

The purpose of this report is to……….. and to briefly discuss…………. By examining a range of……….. The aims of this project are to examine ………. I am sure you will be interested by…… Because this topic is very………And I am going to explain why…….. This report presents………Let me show you how……..There are lot of advantages of……………..but……………I am very……….for your attention and………If you have some……..you can…….

The active listener

Do you think our lives have been improved by………?

Do you have any ideas or ambitions to…………..?

What are some of the ways the………..?

What is the best thing about the……….?

What problems do the………….?

Is it expensive to……….?

Why is it a good idea to………..?

Why should you be careful about……..?

Why is it very important not to………..?

How…………….?

What are the main……………?

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ДОДАТОК 1.

Reading strategies

Good reading strategies help you to read in a very efficient way. Using them, you aim to get the maximum benefit from your reading with the minimum effort. This section will show you how to use six different strategies to read intelligently.

Strategy 1: Knowing what you want to know

The first thing to ask yourself is: Why you are reading the text? What do you want to know after reading it? Once you know this, you can examine the text to see whether it is going to move you towards this goal.

Strategy 2: Knowing how deeply to study the material

Where you only need the shallowest knowledge of the subject, you can skim material. Here you read only chapter headings, introductions and summaries. If you need a moderate level of information you can scan the text.

Strategy 3: Active reading

When you are reading a document in detail, it often helps if you highlight, underline and annotate it as you go on. This emphasizes information in your mind, and helps you to review important points later.

Strategy 4: How to study different sorts of material

Different sorts of documents hold information in different places and in different ways. By understanding the layout of the material you are reading, you can extract useful information much more efficiently.

Strategy 5: Reading ‘Whole subject' documents

When you are reading an important document, it is easy to accept the writer's structure of thought. This can mean that you may not notice that important information has been omitted or that irrelevant detail has been included.

Strategy 6: Using glossaries with technical documents

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If you are reading large amounts of difficult technical material, it may be useful to photocopy or compile a glossary. Keep this beside you as you read. It will probably also be useful to note down the key concepts in your own words.

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ДОДАТОК 2

Writing abstracts

An abstract is a condensed version of a longer piece of writing that highlights the major points covered, concisely describes the content and scope of the writing, and reviews the writing's contents in abbreviated form.

Two types of abstracts are typically used:

Descriptive Abstracts

·tell readers what information the report, article, or paper contains.

·include the purpose, methods, and scope of the report, article, or paper.

·do not provide results, conclusions, or recommendations.

·are always very short, usually under 100 words.

·introduce the subject to readers, who must then read the report, article, or paper to find out the author's results, conclusions, or recommendations. Informative Abstracts

·communicate specific information from the report, article, or paper.

·include the purpose, methods, and scope of the report, article, or paper.

·provide the report, article, or paper's results, conclusions, and recommendations.

·are short – from a paragraph to a page or two, depending upon the length of the original work being abstracted. Usually informative abstracts are 10% or less of the length of the original piece.

·allow readers to decide whether they want to read the report, article, or

paper.

The practice of using key words in an abstract is vital because of today's electronic information retrieval systems. Titles and abstracts are filed electronically, and key words are put in electronic storage. When people search for information, they enter key words related to the subject, and the computer prints out the titles of articles, papers, and reports containing those key words.

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ДОДАТОК 3.

Особливості перекладу науково-технічного тексту

Науково-технічні тексти характеризуються особливим стилем, який

відрізняє їх від інших типів текстів . При перекладі таких текстів ця особливість створює додаткові труднощі та проблеми.

етнонаціональна варіантність термінів, іншомовні слова і терміни в англійських науково-технічних текстах, різного роду власні імена і назви

(фірм, установ і організацій) тощо". До граматичних відмінностей автор

відносить особливості граматичної будови мови, форми і традиції

письмового наукового мовлення. "Так, в англійських фахових текстах значно частіше, ніж в українських, вживаються форми пасивного стану та неособові форми дієслова, дієприкметникові звороти й специфічні синтаксичні конструкції, особові займенники першої особи однини та одночленні інфінітивні й номінативні речення тощо".

Основна складність перекладу науково-технічних текстів, а саме

переклад термінів, полягає у розкритті та передачі засобами української

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