курс лекцийt

Cerxn

npalaeaRmr

Has apmposaans nmr,

creaosux naaene8, Qya-

AaMeHTOE,

IIjlOCTpaHCTB0HHblX K O H C T ~ ~ W M % .

i l p ~apMaposaalan

~ a r w d a e x ua n e ~ e a r o s ,a n e n e e r o ~i j e p ~ , xonoHrr

n p n l a e H m nnocme nnn npocrpaaarseaable apaaarypme Kaprtacar.

nnocme csspwre Kapxacn cocroar

~3 I I P O A O ~ ~ W I pabom::X

H MOH-

r

T a x m u crepar~eflc

np!~sapeaammr x Hnla

n o n e p e s m u

c r e p ~ m ( ~ c . 2 .

Ilpoaoname crepiwH Moryr pacnoliararbcs B onas am ABa pma no BECC

~e

ax c o n ~ o i l ,rax a c ~ s y xc ~ o p o a .

I I p o c ~ p a a c ~ ~ eapuargprme~e xapxaca (Pnc -2.26) )

MOW

BUIIOXBF

TLCFI UBJILIKOM Ha

BCD XOBCTPyICU[IIHII) PM

B BllAB 113rOTOB88HHU.X 3apaHBe

~ p O C T p ~ t l C T B e H E l l X~JIOROB~. P O C T ~ B B C P BKaPKBC~HWUI ~CO~YIP~HITCR8 3

n a o c x ~ xxapKaCoB- c ncnOAL30BaHIIBM c o e m e a r e n b m x crepmeti a Aonxw

661~bAOCTePOPHO XBCTMME ABR BO3MOHIBOFO LIX CMa~klPOBaHEIR, IIBpBB03I

MOHTa58.

npa aeo6xopl~uocracoeaasefins (CTLIKOBM)a p u a ~ y p u ,xaK I I P ~ B R H C

acnonasym csapxy.

CTUKH laoryrr

6 n ~ b3i1BOACKMU n MoxTaxmw,

BNIIOI

seamu! sa

CT ponrerrsaofl nnorqaptie .

~ B B O A C K K BCTHXM qalQe BCeI'O

OCylQBCTBJIRoTCRKoHT~KTEO~C H X ~ B O

csapaog (Pnc.2.6a).

ilpoaecc CBEiFKH ~ ~ W ~ P B B T CB RTOM, PTO

KOW

cTepxnel noa aeGcrsaeu snempmrs.ecKoro ToEa

psaorpeaamcs no BHCS-

K

O TeMUBPaTYPbl~

C

I I O C J I e ~ l l W YCXaTH0U APYI'

C

ApjTOM.

~ J O P H O C T ~T81

ro coeAaeeans, 3a cu m 0 6 p a a o s a a a ~~edonbmoroyTomeHnA, same, sel

IlpOnHOCTb

CTHKgeMblX

C T ~ ~ X H ~ P ) n.

p OTCYTCTBHH~

Ci7eIILIBJIbHOPO O ~ O P Y Z C P

BaHIlR BJIM B YCBOBBRX

MOtiTaXa H a

cTpOETeXbHOa fi104aAK6, CTHXH 8pMa-

~

y vloryTp ~ ocymecranmLcR saaao8 csapxofl (hc . 2 . 66)

B cneqaarisrwx

MeasMx Q o p ~ a xMnM

H Z

c ~ a x ~ n o cf lx o d e - n o a ~ ~ ~(aP~U~Ce. ~ . ~ B )BBE,

pyg-

aon ~ y r o ~ o csapxolt t

c Kpyrmun

aaxnanxalrn

(Psc.2.6,2j

wm Bsaxne-

CTKJ

( P ~ c . 2 . 6 ~ ) .

B MtrCTaX,

PAe npOnHOCTh apM8TypI-J HCnOJIb3~eTCRHe nOJlHOCTXJ,

NOXHO

BUllORHATE

CTUW C ~ e p ~ c ~ €;inaCCaJ f l

He BHm6

A-Ill

BRaXJIeCTRy,

be3

TLCR CTklK16 -CBaPKUX CBTOK. npll

CTYHOBEB B B W B C T R g CTHw0Yble CTBPIBA

AOHXBU

pacnonaraTbcR, no B O ~ M O X I I O C T BBUAOTB~~

Dz~pyrK apyry,

a

c a m CTHE --

npaabexxy,

nppr nPO0EETllPOBaEEE I C ~

~ I ~

~ OX O~H ~C TTP YO J ~EH~B~O ~ X O ; ~ Y I M068O

-

coe.rurs Earn-

asaepoa q apvarypv a deroae, npenmcrama,ym uu

B38HMROYy CM0Q0HIDc

A ~ ~ e p o ~apMarypit u o m ~ocgaecrmxTbcx o m m ma axe-

.

-

cnoco6oa Em Ex COP0TaHYIBY

( n d ~ ~ 2 . 7 ) :OUBMBHB6M C T B ~ S E BC~ 6~

0

~ ~

son; ~ p o u m aa m nanram;

n e T x m ;

np~~aprroP1nonepevabnc cneprrrei!;

o c o 6 m npmcnoco6nerra~~ul(a~rrepaula).

Csenneaae a p a r y p u c 6 e ~ o a oa a~m c w oe cmeaBaang aparypH

c b e ~ o ~ o ur a, a r r a ~u e v e m a

reas o6nazae ~gaemiqet

O I I O C O ~ H O C Z ~ , ~ ~

cvra Tpeaax Mejqly no~epxaocr mcTeprax a bemoxa,

cvaTmn a cpesa be-

TOEIa,

BCJIBACTBB0 M0X~EBP0CEOFOBaQeILUeEBB B 68~08 0B b l C T ~ O B8 p 8 -

~

y nepao;qmecKoro~ npo@aa.

Yexaawecrroe aaqenaesne 06ecnevmaer

AO 75% conpormneaax a p u a r y p CABKIT.

IIoarouy,

B r e a e a o 6 e ~ o a ~

xoac~pyra~ra~x,B o c ~ i o ~ ~ onpueaxercu, apuanypa nepaomecnoro

npo@ns.

C~epmrrr~apluaPypH aOJXZlG4

8aBOAW6CR Ba CBPBBH0,

B BOTOPOY

OBH

palmrsaorcs,

c n o n m pacveTwur conpolrasneamem Ha

AXE^^^

s e meaee

tan , xoropan 3 a ~ m c aOT~ zmarerpa

apuaqpv a

OT cowaouelua pac-

seraoro conporHaaeaax apuaTypsl

R j

H 6 e ~ o e aR g ,n p ~BOY, ma*-

Kkfe

apMaTypEW0 CTepXEE ;qOlarElH

OKasvklBaTbCR KpDEaYH

LIMBTb

HpH-

sapeaagg nonepeonym apvanypy

(PHc.2.66,~ ,r).

Ecm p a s r e p snerear a

ae

n o 3 ~ o n mmnontrsrb yraaaamae rpe60saaax,

TO aa

~otrqaxcreprae i

ycTpaasamcx cnewarbanre aaitepsl (Pm.2.6~).

,

DRobecneueaas co~uecTaotfp a b o ~ na p r a T y p c 6eroaou n a a m m

08 or

nopp03~aH AB%CTBHFI BMCOICHX r e m e p a ~ y p ,pa60ua~apuarypa

19.

llono~eaner p a a s w Memy c q s a e u

I u

cnyraera 2 ycTaaasnklsarvr

B 3aBllCHMOCTll OT O T B W ~ T ~ ~ I B OBMCOTM

C ~ T O3 OPB Y f

=

0

, rrpn

*Ih.

3 ~ a s e n a e

K O T O ~ O Mnanpmeaue B

apuarype nocTMraer

pacqer-

Horo conpoensnssas

Rs 06osaasam

U OIlpeAenRm. B

f ?,f

~OJISUH-

crse c v a e a ,

no aean~prasecxotQop~yne

Ecnvl

PaCPeTOU JCTaHOBneBO,

PTO OTHOCklTeJISR8R BHCOTB C P ~ T O P

3011.

7 oxa3aaacb 604hme. WM

iR, T.B.

sueer M ~ C T Opa~pymeaue

no

cJrysaio 2 (paspymae~cscxaTas a o ~ a ) ,T O ~oxmo,s e ueem

ceyeamR

3IIeMeHT2,

YCHnllTb CXaTylo 3 0 H Y I I ~ T 0 YBBen0HMfl

C X ~ T OapMa!Cgpbl~ .

Cesesna,

B KOTOPU

icpoMe P B C T R ~ T OapnaTypu~ ~

~ O P I B ; I [ AS~

, CTB-

B I T C ~ no pacreTy cxaraR apuaTypa ruromansm

I

.saaslaan

cerew -

As

RMB c Z[BO~IBOP~apa ~ y p o t i .

Pacnerr npiuoyronbeoro c e ~ e s ac ~n~ofdiioga p ~ a r y p o fs e n e ~ c ~

ariasorrasao pacqery

cetreaMa c o m s o m o t ap~arypofl(Pnc.3.4).

TOXLEO

K ycnrmm B caarof aoas 6eaoea

rig mpareaun

(3.2) nociaanm~y c w

nas

R~=P(SB c r a ~ o aa p u a ~ y p eSf

.npanoresaoii aa p a c c ~ o r r s ~ a

or cxaroB rpaar sneuaara. Monearr BHgTpeaamx cnn oTsocuTeJr&Eo

p a s n o ~ e f f c ~ ~ pycnmgset B apna~ype

c yse~olaapna~ypblB c a a r o t

3088, AomeH

6bl~bnenhme 11191 pasea BsemaeMy Y O M ~ H T ~ Oop~yna.

(3.6)

B TOM cnysae

sanamercs rex:

fl3 YCJIOBRR PaBeECTBa BYJIB

C m

IlpOe~qlffiBC0X BOPMBI38MX

Y C b

n ~ f ina ocb 3 n e ~ e d ~onpenenserca mcora cararol

3om