Тема 3.6 Лингвокультурологический аспект фразеологии

Фразеология как фрагмент языковой картины мира. Культурная коннотация фразеологических единиц и идиоматических выражений английского, русского и белорусского языков в сопоставлении.

Ключевые термины: лингвокулътурологический аспект, фразеологизм, идиоматические выражения

Дополнительные вопросы и задания для обсуждения

1. Что понимается под фразеологизмом? Почему фразеологизм считается фрагментом языковой картиной мира? Являются ли фразеологизм и идиома идентичными единицами или это разные языковые явления?

2. В чем проявляется культурная коннотация фразеологических единиц и идиоматических выражений?

3. Проанализируйте культурную коннотацию следующих фразеологизмов:

а) «выносить сор из избы», «по горячим следам», «белая ворона», как в воду глядел, как в зеркале;

б) beat about the bush; call smb’s bluff; “between Scylla and Charybdis”; paint the town red.

Практические задания

1. Study the information given in the text and define:

1. if you have similar idioms in your language;

2. whether people in different cultural contexts would produce the same expressions as those in the text.

Many idioms in English are derived from metaphors creatively drawn from real

life.

Whatever the weather is like or whatever the circumstances are he works outside, in other words he works in the open air.

English has a lot of idioms and metaphors to do with the weather. They may help to express precisely and more vividly what you want to say.

If you get in hot water you get into trouble, but if you are on cloud nine you are very happy. If you work night and day, you have no time to rest, you work continuously. If you like to get up at crack of dawn you enjoy getting up very early. And first light of day is poetically called break of day.

In a state of ignorance or unawareness a person is in the dark, if he is at a loss, he is in a fog. If he is confused he has a foggy idea of what something means. But nothing will support you better than a bit of blue sky in a difficult situation. If you are the flower of your nation you are one of the finest men. A person who talks a lot but says nothing important is considered to be a bag of wind. Boastful words, promises that won't be kept we can call hot air.

Someone who wants to clear the air is eager to get rid of suspicion, doubt by giving facts.

He who has impossible desire builds castles in the air. But if this desire has come true he feels extremely happy as if he walks on air. Sometimes you are dreaming, you have your head in the clouds, you are not attending to what is going on. Be careful! Somebody can bring you back to earth, bring you back to practical reality.

A person who feels like a fish out of water feels uncomfortable, behaves awkwardly because of unaccustomed surroundings. If something comes like a thunderbolt it means that something unexpected and sometimes terrible happens. To go through fire and water means to undergo severe hardship and trials. When you horrify somebody very much you make his blood run cold. If you feel under the weather you don't feel very well. So someone can offer you to take the air or to go for a walk. But if it is raining very hard, you can say that it is raining cats and dogs.

If a person has melted into thin air it means that he has disappeared mysteriously and he, probably, wants to keep it dark, you are not supposed to know that. If you suddenly come to this conclusion, it dawns on you.

Finally, everyone knows that it never rains but it pours, that problems and difficulties always come together. But every cloud has a silver lining - every misfortune has a good side.

2. Match each of these expressions to the right definition:

1. ) hot air

2. to make blood run cold

3. sky-high

4. in hot water

5. thin air

6. to see the sun

7. on cloud nine

8. at crack of dawn

9. night and day

10. to clear the air

2. ) in the dark

12. a bag of wind

13. in a fog

14. to be in the clouds

15. in the open air

1. outside

2. in trouble

3. talker, chatterer

4. to get rid of suspicion, doubt by giving facts

5. at a loss

6. to be dreaming

7. very high

8. boastful words

9. to frighten j) to be bom

k) continuously

1. nowhere

m) very early in the morning

n) very happy

o) in a state of ignorance

3. What do we call:

1. break of day; b) a bit of blue sky; c) the flower of smth; d) a foggy idea;

5. cloud-castle; f) a storm in a tea-cup; g) cloud-land; h) blue water; i) frosty trees

4. Fill the gaps in the sentences with prepositions:

1. She's walking ... air since he asked her to marry him.

2. You don't look very well. Are you feeling ... the weather.

3. Don’t squander money. Keep it... day.

4. I think it’s just the time to bring her .. .earth.

5. He is ready to go .. .fire and water to make his dream come true.

6. She has been ... cloud nine ever since she was offered the job in Rotterdam.

7. It suddenly dawned ... me what he had meant.

8. No time to see ... broad daylight streams full of stars like skies at night.

5. What do we say when:

1. it is raining very hard.

2. someone disappears mysteriously without leaving a trace.

3. a person has dreams and plans which are very unlikely to come true.

4. something comes very unexpectedly.

5. we don’t want anybody to know our secret.

6. we got very early.

7. someone is in trouble.

6. Check out the definitions and examples of the expressions: