Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Accounting For Dummies, 4th edition

.pdf
Скачиваний:
95
Добавлен:
22.03.2015
Размер:
2.58 Mб
Скачать

Accounting

FOR

DUMmIES

4TH EDITION

Accounting

FOR

DUMmIES

4TH EDITION

By John A. Tracy, CPA

Accounting For Dummies®, 4th Edition

Published by

Wiley Publishing, Inc.

111 River St.

Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com

Copyright © 2008 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, 317-572-3447, fax 317-572-4355, or online at http:// www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES OR PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS. THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY SITUATION. THIS WORK IS SOLD WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THE PUBLISHER IS NOT ENGAGED IN RENDERING LEGAL, ACCOUNTING, OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED, THE SERVICES OF A COMPETENT PROFESSIONAL PERSON SHOULD BE SOUGHT. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS A CITATION AND/OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THE INFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAY PROVIDE OR RECOMMENDATIONS IT MAY MAKE. FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORK MAY HAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRITTEN AND WHEN IT IS READ.

For general information on our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002.

For technical support, please visit www.wiley.com/techsupport.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008926448

ISBN: 978-0-470-24600-9

Manufactured in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

About the Author

John A. Tracy (Boulder, Colorado) is Professor of Accounting, Emeritus, at the University of Colorado in Boulder. Before his 35-year tenure at Boulder, he was on the business faculty for four years at the University of California in Berkeley. Early in his career he was a staff accountant with Ernst & Young. John is the author of several books on accounting and finance, including The Fast Forward MBA in Finance, How To Read a Financial Report, and Small Business Financial Management Kit For Dummies with his son Tage Tracy. John received his BSC degree from Creighton University. He earned his MBA and PhD degrees at the University of Wisconsin in Madison. He is a CPA (inactive) in Colorado.

Dedication

For our grandchildren — Alexander, Ryan, Mitchel, Paige, Katrina, Claire, Eric, MacKenzie, Madison, Tanner, Karsen, and Brody.

Author’s Acknowledgments

I’m deeply grateful to everyone at Wiley Publishing who helped produce this book. Their professionalism, courtesy, and good humor were much appreciated. I supplied some words, and the editors and production staff at Wiley molded them into the finished product.

Out of the blue, I got a call in 1996 from Kathy Welton, then Vice President and Publisher for the Consumer Publishing Group of the For Dummies books. Kathy asked if I’d be interested in doing this book. It didn’t take me very long to say yes. Thank you again, Kathy!

I can’t say enough nice things about Pam Mourouzis, who was project editor on the first edition of the book. The book is immensely better for her insights and advice. The two copyeditors on the book — Diane Giangrossi and Joe Jansen — did a wonderful job. Mary Metcalfe provided valuable suggestions on the manuscript. Thanks to Holly McGuire and Jill Alexander who encouraged me to revise the book. The second edition benefited from the editing by Norm Crampton and Ben Nussbaum.

I thank Stacy Kennedy, acquisitions editor, for asking me to do this and the previous revision. Joan Friedman was the project editor on this and the previous edition. Evidently, Wiley assigned me the best editor they have. Joan kept a steady hand on the tiller as we sailed through the choppy waters of the revisions. Joan was a delight to work with, and it goes without saying that she made the book much better. Thank you most sincerely Joan, and I hope to work with you again on the next revision.

One reason I like to write books goes back to an accounting class in my undergraduate days at Creighton University in Omaha. I took a course taught by the Dean of the Business School, Dr. Floyd Walsh. I turned in a term paper, and he said that it was very well written. I have never forgotten that compliment. I think my old Prof would be proud of this book and might even give me an “A” on the assignment.

Publisher’s Acknowledgments

We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our Dummies online registration form located at www.dummies.com/register/.

Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:

Acquisitions, Editorial, and

Composition Services

Media Development

Project Coordinator: Katie Key

Project Editor: Joan Friedman

Layout and Graphics: Brooke Graczyk,

 

(Previous Editions: Norm Crampton,

Melissa K. Jester, Laura Pence,

Pam Mourouzis)

Christine Williams

Acquisitions Editor: Stacy Kennedy

Proofreaders: Laura Albert, John Greenough,

Technical Editor: Michael Newman, PhD

Nancy L. Reinhardt

Indexer: Infodex Indexing Services, Inc.

Editorial Manager: Jennifer Ehrlich

 

Editorial Supervisor: Carmen Krikorian

 

Editorial Assistants: Erin Calligan Mooney,

 

Joe Niesen, David Lutton

 

Cartoons: Rich Tennant

 

(www.the5thwave.com)

 

 

 

Publishing and Editorial for Consumer Dummies

Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher, Consumer Dummies

Joyce Pepple, Acquisitions Director, Consumer Dummies

Kristin A. Cocks, Product Development Director, Consumer Dummies

Michael Spring, Vice President and Publisher, Travel

Kelly Regan, Editorial Director, Travel

Publishing for Technology Dummies

Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher, Dummies Technology/General User

Composition Services

Gerry Fahey, Vice President of Production Services

Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services

Contents at a Glance

 

 

Introduction .................................................................

 

1

Part I: Opening the Books on Accounting......................

 

11

Chapter 1: Accounting: The Language of Business, Investing, Finance, and Taxes

....13

Chapter 2: Financial Statements and Accounting Standards......................................

 

31

Chapter 3: Bookkeeping and Accounting Systems.......................................................

 

53

Part II: Figuring Out Financial Statements ...................

 

75

Chapter 4: Reporting Revenue, Expenses, and the Bottom Line................................

 

77

Chapter 5: Reporting Assets, Liabilities, and Owners’ Equity....................................

 

97

Chapter 6: Reporting Cash Flows .................................................................................

 

119

Chapter 7: Choosing Accounting Methods: Different Strokes for Different Folks....

137

Part III: Accounting in Managing a Business ..............

159

Chapter 8: Deciding the Legal Structure for a Business............................................

 

161

Chapter 9: Analyzing and Managing Profit ..................................................................

 

183

Chapter 10: Financial Planning, Budgeting, and Control...........................................

 

205

Chapter 11: Cost Concepts and Conundrums ............................................................

 

223

Part IV: Preparing and Using Financial Reports ..........

245

Chapter 12: Getting a Financial Report Ready for Release .......................................

 

247

Chapter 13: How Lenders and Investors Read a Financial Report...........................

 

271

Chapter 14: How Business Managers Use a Financial Report ..................................

 

293

Chapter 15: Audits and Accounting Fraud ..................................................................

 

311

Part V: The Part of Tens ............................................

321

Chapter 16: Ten Accounting Tips for Managers .........................................................

 

323

Chapter 17: Ten Tips for Reading a Financial Report ................................................

 

333

Glossary: Slashing Through the Accounting

 

 

Jargon Jungle ...........................................................

343

Index .......................................................................

357

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]