звуковые явления

№

type of assimilation

the consonants in contact

where does the assimilation take place and what happens

examples

remarks

1.

loss of plosion

two plosive consonants

within a word or at a word junction; complete loss of plosion of the first consonant, i.e. the obstruction is removed and a plosion is heard only after the second consonant

midday, big girl, bad times

plosive consonants: p, b, t, d, k, g

2.

nasal plosion

a plosive consonant with the nasal sonorant

at the junction of the plosive consonants with the nasal sonorants the articulation of the sonorant starts when the articulation of the plosive consonant is not yet finished. As a result instead of removing the obstruction in the mouth cavity the air stream passes through the nasal cavity

shouldn’t, meet my aunt

nasal sonorants: n, m

3.

lateral plosion

a plosive consonant with the lateral sonorant [l]

at the junction of a plosive consonant with the lateral sonorant the plosion is heard during the pronunciation of the sonorant as the air stream passes along the sides of the tongue, lowered for the articulation of the sonorant

place, blow, kettle

4.

fricative plosion

a plosive consonant and a fricative consonant

in a word or at a junction of words a plosive consonant has its release during the pronunciation of the fricative

kinds, stops, let’s

5.

regressive assimilation affecting the place of articulation

the alveolar consonants and the interdental consonants

at the junction of the alveolar consonants and the interdental consonants regressive assimilation affecting the place of articulation is observed: the alveolar consonants are represented by their dental variants

ninth, about the text, sixteenth

alveolar consonants: t, d, n, l, s, z

6.

regressive assimilation affecting the position of lips

consonants and the sonorant [w]

consonants preceding [w] are liprounded

twist, switch, dweller

double assimilation

a voiceless consonant and the sonorant [w]

when the consonant [w] is preceded by a voiceless consonant there is also some devoicing of the sonorant (progressive assimilation affecting the work of the vocal cords). Thus in the clusters [tw, kw, sw] double assimilation takes place

twenty, sweep, quiet

7.

progressive assimilation affecting the work of the vocal cords

voiceless consonants and the sonorant [r]

the sound [r] is completely or almost completely devoiced when it is preceded by a voiceless plosive consonant[p,t,k] in a stressed syllable. In a an unstressed position, a t a word boundary or when [p, t, k] are preceded by [s] of some other fricative consonant the devoicing of [r] is partial

train, pride, cry; waitress, spread, quite right

8.

absence of assimilation

alveolar and labio-dental fricatives with interdental sounds and labio-dental fricatives with the bilabial sonorant

In pronouncing these clusters care should be taken to avoid assimilation according to the place or manner of articulation, i.e. the quality of the adjacent sounds should be kept distinct

baths, is this, months