Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendyarov

PLAN:

What is peritonitis?

What causes peritonitis ?

Symptoms

Diagnose

Treatments

Conclusion

What is peritonitis?

Peritonitis - inflammation of the parietal and visceral peritoneum leaves , which is accompanied by severe general condition of the body .

The general definition does not fully reflect the problematic pathology with practical surgeon abdominal abscesses point of view should be excluded from the general definition. As a rule , peritonitis, threatening the patient's life and is a medical emergency . Prognosis in case of untimely or inadequate treatment of peritonitis is very unfavorable.

What causes peritonitis ?

Peritonitis is caused by exposure to chemical or infectious stimuli due to ingress into the free peritoneal cavity of gastric contents (containing hydrochloric acid) , bile, urine , and blood.

The most common cause of bacterial peritonitis - perforation of the hollow organ of the gastrointestinal tract, a result of which falls into the peritoneal cavity or the gastric and intestinal microflora content

,i.e. bacteria that inhabit the stomach / intestinal lumen.

hollow organ perforation can occur due to :

- rupture of the appendix ( a complication of acute appendicitis )

-perforation of the stomach or duodenal ulcers

-ulceration of lymphoid plaque in typhoid fever

-damage to the intestinal wall foreign body

-bowel necrosis hernia

-perforation cancer and other reasons.

Symptoms

•sharply increased pain in the abdomen

•fever nausea and vomiting , not bringing relief

•muscle tension anterior abdominal wall

•sharp pain when pressing on the anterior abdominal wall

•frenikus symptom

•Mendel symptom

•a symptom of the Resurrection Blumberg - SHCHetkina symptom

•Symptom imaginary well-being - after perforation the patient feels severe pain , then the pain subsides as receptors on the peritoneum adapt , but after 1-2 hours the pain appears with a bang , as the inflammation of the peritoneum

Treatments:

Identification of peritonitis warrants emergency surgery. Medical tactic at peritonitis depends on its cause , but in all cases during the operation adhere to the same algorithm : shows the execution of laparotomy , insulation performance , or removing the source of peritonitis , the implementation of intra- and post-operative rehabilitation of the abdominal cavity , to ensure intestinal decompression .