- •Instruction Set Nomenclature
- •I/O Registers
- •The Program and Data Addressing Modes
- •Conditional Branch Summary
- •Complete Instruction Set Summary
- •ADC – Add with Carry
- •ADD – Add without Carry
- •ADIW – Add Immediate to Word
- •AND – Logical AND
- •ANDI – Logical AND with Immediate
- •ASR – Arithmetic Shift Right
- •BCLR – Bit Clear in SREG
- •BLD – Bit Load from the T Flag in SREG to a Bit in Register
- •BRBC – Branch if Bit in SREG is Cleared
- •BRBS – Branch if Bit in SREG is Set
- •BRCC – Branch if Carry Cleared
- •BRCS – Branch if Carry Set
- •BREAK – Break
- •BREQ – Branch if Equal
- •BRGE – Branch if Greater or Equal (Signed)
- •BRHC – Branch if Half Carry Flag is Cleared
- •BRHS – Branch if Half Carry Flag is Set
- •BRID – Branch if Global Interrupt is Disabled
- •BRIE – Branch if Global Interrupt is Enabled
- •BRLO – Branch if Lower (Unsigned)
- •BRLT – Branch if Less Than (Signed)
- •BRMI – Branch if Minus
- •BRNE – Branch if Not Equal
- •BRPL – Branch if Plus
- •BRSH – Branch if Same or Higher (Unsigned)
- •BRTC – Branch if the T Flag is Cleared
- •BRTS – Branch if the T Flag is Set
- •BRVC – Branch if Overflow Cleared
- •BRVS – Branch if Overflow Set
- •BSET – Bit Set in SREG
- •BST – Bit Store from Bit in Register to T Flag in SREG
- •CALL – Long Call to a Subroutine
- •CBI – Clear Bit in I/O Register
- •CBR – Clear Bits in Register
- •CLC – Clear Carry Flag
- •CLH – Clear Half Carry Flag
- •CLI – Clear Global Interrupt Flag
- •CLN – Clear Negative Flag
- •CLR – Clear Register
- •CLS – Clear Signed Flag
- •CLT – Clear T Flag
- •CLV – Clear Overflow Flag
- •CLZ – Clear Zero Flag
- •COM – One’s Complement
- •CP – Compare
- •CPC – Compare with Carry
- •CPI – Compare with Immediate
- •CPSE – Compare Skip if Equal
- •DEC – Decrement
- •DES – Data Encryption Standard
- •EICALL – Extended Indirect Call to Subroutine
- •EIJMP – Extended Indirect Jump
- •ELPM – Extended Load Program Memory
- •EOR – Exclusive OR
- •FMUL – Fractional Multiply Unsigned
- •FMULS – Fractional Multiply Signed
- •FMULSU – Fractional Multiply Signed with Unsigned
- •ICALL – Indirect Call to Subroutine
- •IJMP – Indirect Jump
- •IN - Load an I/O Location to Register
- •INC – Increment
- •JMP – Jump
- •LAC – Load And Clear
- •LAS – Load And Set
- •LAT – Load And Toggle
- •LD – Load Indirect from Data Space to Register using Index X
- •LD (LDD) – Load Indirect from Data Space to Register using Index Y
- •LD (LDD) – Load Indirect From Data Space to Register using Index Z
- •LDI – Load Immediate
- •LDS – Load Direct from Data Space
- •LDS (16-bit) – Load Direct from Data Space
- •LPM – Load Program Memory
- •LSL – Logical Shift Left
- •LSR – Logical Shift Right
- •MOV – Copy Register
- •MOVW – Copy Register Word
- •MUL – Multiply Unsigned
- •MULS – Multiply Signed
- •MULSU – Multiply Signed with Unsigned
- •NEG – Two’s Complement
- •NOP – No Operation
- •OR – Logical OR
- •ORI – Logical OR with Immediate
- •OUT – Store Register to I/O Location
- •POP – Pop Register from Stack
- •PUSH – Push Register on Stack
- •RCALL – Relative Call to Subroutine
- •RET – Return from Subroutine
- •RETI – Return from Interrupt
- •RJMP – Relative Jump
- •ROL – Rotate Left trough Carry
- •ROR – Rotate Right through Carry
- •SBC – Subtract with Carry
- •SBCI – Subtract Immediate with Carry
- •SBI – Set Bit in I/O Register
- •SBIC – Skip if Bit in I/O Register is Cleared
- •SBIS – Skip if Bit in I/O Register is Set
- •SBIW – Subtract Immediate from Word
- •SBR – Set Bits in Register
- •SBRC – Skip if Bit in Register is Cleared
- •SBRS – Skip if Bit in Register is Set
- •SEC – Set Carry Flag
- •SEH – Set Half Carry Flag
- •SEI – Set Global Interrupt Flag
- •SEN – Set Negative Flag
- •SER – Set all Bits in Register
- •SES – Set Signed Flag
- •SET – Set T Flag
- •SEV – Set Overflow Flag
- •SEZ – Set Zero Flag
- •SLEEP
- •SPM – Store Program Memory
- •SPM #2– Store Program Memory
- •ST – Store Indirect From Register to Data Space using Index X
- •ST (STD) – Store Indirect From Register to Data Space using Index Y
- •ST (STD) – Store Indirect From Register to Data Space using Index Z
- •STS – Store Direct to Data Space
- •STS (16-bit) – Store Direct to Data Space
- •SUB – Subtract without Carry
- •SUBI – Subtract Immediate
- •SWAP – Swap Nibbles
- •TST – Test for Zero or Minus
- •WDR – Watchdog Reset
- •XCH – Exchange
- •Datasheet Revision History
AVR Instruction Set
LSL – Logical Shift Left
Description:
Shifts all bits in Rd one place to the left. Bit 0 is cleared. Bit 7 is loaded into the C Flag of the SREG. This operation effectively multiplies signed and unsigned values by two.
Operation:
(i)
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b7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - b0 |
← 0 |
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Program Counter: |
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LSL Rd |
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16-bit Opcode: (see ADD Rd,Rd) |
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Status Register (SREG) and Boolean Formula: |
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H:Rd3
S:N V, For signed tests.
V:N C (For N and C after the shift)
N:R7
Set if MSB of the result is set; cleared otherwise.
Z:R7• R6 •R5• R4• R3 •R2• R1• R0
Set if the result is $00; cleared otherwise.
C:Rd7
Set if, before the shift, the MSB of Rd was set; cleared otherwise.
R (Result) equals Rd after the operation.
Example:
add |
r0,r4 |
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Add r4 to r0 |
lsl |
r0 |
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Multiply r0 by 2 |
Words: 1 (2 bytes)
Cycles: 1
99
0856I–AVR–07/10
LSR – Logical Shift Right
Description:
Shifts all bits in Rd one place to the right. Bit 7 is cleared. Bit 0 is loaded into the C Flag of the SREG. This operation effectively divides an unsigned value by two. The C Flag can be used to round the result.
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0 → |
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b7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - b0 |
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C |
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Syntax: |
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Program Counter: |
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LSR Rd |
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0 ≤ d ≤ 31 |
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PC ← PC + 1 |
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16-bit Opcode: |
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Status Register (SREG) and Boolean Formula: |
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S:N V, For signed tests.
V:N C (For N and C after the shift)
N:0
Z:R7• R6 •R5• R4• R3 •R2• R1• R0
Set if the result is $00; cleared otherwise.
C:Rd0
Set if, before the shift, the LSB of Rd was set; cleared otherwise.
R (Result) equals Rd after the operation.
Example:
add |
r0,r4 |
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Add r4 |
to |
r0 |
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lsr |
r0 |
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Divide |
r0 |
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2 |
Words: 1 (2 bytes)
Cycles: 1
100 AVR Instruction Set
0856I–AVR–07/10
AVR Instruction Set
MOV – Copy Register
Description:
This instruction makes a copy of one register into another. The source register Rr is left unchanged, while the destination register Rd is loaded with a copy of Rr.
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(i) |
Rd ← Rr |
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Syntax: |
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(i) |
MOV Rd,Rr |
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PC ← PC + 1 |
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0010 |
11rd |
dddd |
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rrrr |
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Status Register (SREG) and Boolean Formula: |
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Example: |
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mov |
r16,r0 |
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; Copy r0 to r16 |
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call |
check |
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check: |
cpi |
r16,$11 |
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ret |
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; Return from subroutine |
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Words: 1 (2 bytes)
Cycles: 1
101
0856I–AVR–07/10
MOVW – Copy Register Word
Description:
This instruction makes a copy of one register pair into another register pair. The source register pair Rr+1:Rr is left unchanged, while the destination register pair Rd+1:Rd is loaded with a copy of Rr + 1:Rr.
This instruction is not available in all devices. Refer to the device specific instruction set summary.
Operation:
(i)Rd+1:Rd ← Rr+1:Rr
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Syntax: |
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Program Counter: |
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(i) |
MOVW Rd+1:Rd,Rr+1Rrd {0,2,...,30}, r {0,2,...,30} |
PC ← PC + 1 |
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16-bit Opcode: |
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0000 |
0001 |
dddd |
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rrrr |
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Status Register (SREG) and Boolean Formula: |
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I |
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Example: |
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movw |
r17:16,r1:r0 |
; Copy r1:r0 to r17:r16 |
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call |
check |
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; Call subroutine |
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... |
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check: |
cpi |
r16,$11 |
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; Compare r16 to $11 |
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cpi |
r17,$32 |
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; Compare r17 to $32 |
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ret |
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; Return from subroutine |
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Words: 1 (2 bytes)
Cycles: 1
102 AVR Instruction Set
0856I–AVR–07/10