12 Slide (Bolted connection).
This
connection is assembled from a bolt of any diameter, a suitable nut
and one, or preferably three, washers. It is assembled quickly and
simply, it serves for a long time and reliably.
First,
the conductors are stripped of insulation, if necessary, the upper
oxidized layer is removed. Next, a loop is formed from the cleaned
part, the inner diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the
bolt. To make it easier, you can wrap the wire around the bolt and
twist it.
After
that, it's all going in this order:
The
connection is tightened first with your hands, then with the help of
keys (you can take pliers). That's it, the connection is ready. It is
used mainly if it is necessary to make a connection of copper and
aluminum wires, it can also be used when connecting conductors of
different diameters.
13 Slide (Welding).
When
connecting wires by welding, the conductors are twisted, and their
end is welded. As a result, a metal ball is formed, providing a
stable and reliable connection. Moreover, it is reliable not only in
terms of electrical characteristics, but also mechanically, too –
the metal of the connected wires forms a monolith after melting and
it is impossible to isolate a separate conductor.
The
disadvantage of this type of wire connection is that the connection
is 100% permanent. If necessary, something needs to be changed, it is
necessary to cut off the fused piece and redo everything anew.
Therefore, a certain supply of wires is left for such connections –
in case of possible alteration.
Other
disadvantages include the need for a welding machine, appropriate
electrodes, flux and work skills. In addition, welding takes a lot of
time, it is necessary to protect the surrounding objects, and it is
also inconvenient to work with a welder at height. Therefore,
electricians practice this type of connection in exceptional cases.
If you do it for yourself and know how to handle a welding machine
well, you can practice on scraps. The main focus is not to melt the
insulation, but to weld the metal.
After
cooling, the welding site is isolated. You can use duct tape, you can
use shrink tubing.
14 Slide: Thanks for your attention!
