2) Chemistry.
Chemistry is the science which deals with materials, their properties and the transformations they undergo. Chemistry is the study of the composition and properties of matter, their changes.
Chemistry is one of the fundamental sciences. It plays important part in the development of biochemistry, physics, geology. In 17 century modern chemistry began with the work of Robert Boyle. He was the first who studied the quantitatively relationship between the volume of a gas and external pressure upon it. Later A. Lavoisier introduced the concept of the chemical elements. In 19-th Avagadro introduced concept of the molecules. He stated that equal volumes of gases contain the same number of molecules. In 1869 Mendeleev discovered regularities in the properties of the elements. Development of the chemistry is very important for humanity.
3) Laboratory
1) Laboratories of inorganic chemistry looks almost alike. There are large rooms, where students and research workers carry out their experimental work. Modern laboratories are provided with water, gas and ventilating hood for escape of both harmful and pleasant vapours and odours. There are many laboratory benches with a great number of drawers, many shelves and cases for containers with chemicals. On every laboratory bench we can see test-tubes, flasks, beakers, funnels evaporating dishes, weighting bottles. Various burners serve for producing fire. Different crucibles to be employed when heating of solution and igniting of materials are to be carried out. If we want to obtain Hydrogen Chloride in laboratory condition, its necessary to pour some sulphuric acid through a tube over the crystals of sodium Cloride, in a flask. The flask is to be heated.
4) History of the institute
Our Institute is one of the oldest educational Institions in the country. It was founded in 1900. The birthday of the Institute is the 1-st of July 1900.
In 1918 the Higher Womens Courses were reformed into a Chemical faculty of the 2-end Moscow State University, and in 1930 it became the Institute of Fine Chemical Technology. In 1940 it was named after M.V.Lomonosov. In 1993 it was renamed into an Academy. In 2011 it became a University. And in 2016 it was joined to Moscow Technological University. The University is now based on 2 territories in M. Pirogovskaya street and near Yugo-Zapadnaya underground station.
5) Chemical and Physical changes
The heating and the subsequent cooling is the examples of physical changes. A physical change may result in a more or less temporary alteration of a few of the properties of a substance involved, but no changes of composition results from it. Many physical changes familiar to everyone. For example, we can take ice melting. When heated the ice melts, when further heated, the liquid water boils forming the gaseous water. If the steam is cooled, the process is reversed – when cooled sufficiently, the ice results. The substance present in every instance was water. This experiment shows that there are three physical states in which the substance may exist.