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.pdfaction mysterious forces and based on human, animals, spirits fantasies and camping on D. it comes. a set of ritual rites, pursuing the purpose of impact.
Man – the subject of the historical process, the development of material and spiritual culture on earth, has a reliable speech, the ability to think, consciousness.
Marriage, or marriage union, matrimony – is regulated by society and, in most states, registered in the relevant state bodies of family relations, an alliance between people who have reached marriageable age, giving rise to their rights and obligations in relation to each other, as well as, if a couple has children, – and to the children.
Mathematical methods of research are methods of processing empirical data that determine the number of any properties of the object of study or the number of their repetition during the study. These include methods of numerical expression of the presence of quality (mathematical calculation), its percentage with a holistic phenomenon or other qualities, calculating the arithmetic mean, determining the variance (deviation from the mean) and the reliability coefficient, etc.
Material culture – part of a single human culture, all kinds of material values that are the result of human activity.
Metalworking and mining – were initially inseparable from one another. Only after metal processing centers moved away from ore deposits did it become an independent profession. At the same time, its separation from mining led to the development of trade in metal products.
Method (in research) – the main method of collecting, processing or analyzing data; rules and procedures by which the connection between facts, hypotheses and theories is established.
Methodology – an organizational document based on a set of methods related to the commonality of the problem to be solved. The method performs the function of a methodical instruction.
Methodological culture of research – a conscious and competent attitude to the existence of a certain methodology of work. It is also a competent construction of the methodological framework itself, which implies its integrity, consistency, compliance with the level of development of science, in which the study is conducted, and practice.
Methods for processing census materials – ways of converting population information obtained during the census process into totals. They are determined in accordance with the organizational, scientific, methodological, technical and technological base of the organization responsible for conducting the census and summing up its results.
Methods of empirical data processing – methods of their quantitative and qualitative description. Quantitative description is carried out using mathematical methods and methods of graphical presentation of empirical material, qualitative – as the interpretation of facts and the use of various types of analysis.
Midterm control of progress (Midterm Examination) – periodic check of educational achievements of a student carried out in accordance with the approved academic calendar.
Migration – resettlement, migration of people from settlements for various reasons.
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Minorat (from Latin minor – lesser, younger) – is a custom according to which property, less often-social status, etc. inherited by the youngest of the sons, taking care of the parents after the separation of the older brothers.
Monograph – a scientific publication in the form of a book, presenting the study of one topic and its theoretical description. This is usually a complex and relevant topic, studied deeply and comprehensively, taking into account the latest scientific achievements. Among scientific publications monographs are among the most important and serious works.
Monotheism – is one God: the worship of one God.
Myth – history, born in ancient times: shape in them (legendary heroes, events and camping, etc.). The caused by attempts to communicate with various phenomena of nature and society.
– N –
National – is an inevitable form and an inevitable product of social development, one of the sides of every sphere of public life: economic, social, political, spiritual, language and culture, consciousness and psychology, morality, life and traditions.
Nationality – the historical type of ethnic group, following the tribe and preceding the nation; arises based on the mixing of tribes and the formation of tribal unions during the primitive communal system.
Nationality – a term derived from the word "nation", which is used in two meanings: 1) to denote a person's belonging to a certain ethnic community; 2) to denote the totality of various forms of socio-ethnic communities – nations, nationalities, ethnic groups, excluding the tribe.
National ceremonies – are one of the ethnic characteristics perceived by the people or ethnic community as specific; represent conditionally symbolic actions by which its participants draw up and commemorate certain important events of public and personal life for them.
National character – a set of specific psychological traits, features of the perception of the world and forms of reactions to it, which have become more or less characteristic of one or another socio-ethnic community.
National customs – a simple stereotypical repetition by members of an ethnic community of the same actions in their strict sequence, associated with the regulation of everyday life.
National identity – specific features of a socio-ethnic community that distinguish it from other similar communities: national traditions, customs, rites, language, folk art, clothing, national cuisine, etc.
National traditions – are such social phenomena that repeated many times, become stable, generally accepted, have entered the everyday life of people belonging to one or another ethnic community.
Nature – is the material things that surround us, living outside of human consciousness.
Nomadic – historically developed system of socio-economic development of nomadic peoples, economic and cultural type.
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Nomadism – forms of economy and life, which are based on extensive cattle breeding with seasonal movement of population and herds of cattle. Cattle breeding under conditions of nomadism provided nomads with meat and dairy food, raw materials for the manufacture of clothes and dwellings. Being based on nomadic cattle breeding, nomads to one degree or another supplemented it with hunting, unsettled primitive agriculture, crafts and other crafts. "Pure" nomads, for whom cattle breeding would be the only type of economic activity, never existed.
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Obligatory component (Core Subjects) the following courses are mandatory for undergraduates in the curriculum.
Observation – an empirical method of investigation consisting in a deliberately organized perception of the object under study. In this case, the researcher does not interfere in the natural process of activity (life) of the object, but can participate in it according to his role. There are direct and indirect (hidden), continuous and selective, simple and included, i.e. implying complicity in events, observation. When used for scientific purposes, it must be planned, systematic and controlled. It is used in the experiment and generalization of experience.
"Occam's razor" – a methodological principle according to which it is forbidden to use in scientific texts those terms-concepts that are not clear to the writer himself, and are not obvious and understandable to a possible reader, in which there is no extreme need in describing the subject of research. This principle is named after the English scientist W. Occam, in the Middle Ages put forward the requirement of simplicity of written texts, the least possible use of independent theories and ideas to explain the phenomena of reality. It is believed that this principle protects against excesses, increases the reliability of the study.
Ongoing monitoring of progress – a systematic check of educational achievements of the student, carried out by the teacher of the discipline on each topic or for each section of the discipline.
Opponent – a person who critically assesses the results of research activities. This is a specialist-theorist or practitioner, versed in the problem of research. The official opposition introduced as a review for dissertations. Unofficial opposition is possible in the defense of term papers, where the opponents are students.
Originality of research – a quality that characterizes the originality, originality, originality of research.
– P –
Paradigm – (from the Greek word paradeigma – example, sample) scientificcally based judgments, statements, ideas, which have received universal recognition and have become the basis for the organization of practice and research; model formulation and solution of the problem.
Patriarchy – is a form of ancestral organization of primitive construction; it is characterized by a significant role of men in regulating relations between the governing bodies in social production and its members.
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Patronymia (Latin: Pater – father and nomen – name, paternal name) – a term that, along with the term "family-clan group" is used to refer to a group of relatively close paternal relatives, raising themselves to a common well-known male genealogical ancestor – eponym or localized close relatives and members of their families.
Pedigree – the name of the genealogy of the seven rivers, which is part of a certain tribal structure on the fundamental principles and norms of pedigree relations.
Phenomenological analysis – the analysis of any phenomenon that has become a reality and entered into the system of human activity. It includes a comprehensive and multidimensional analysis of the phenomenon and reflecting its concepts.
Population – the General Assembly of people living in a particular locality,
state.
Prerequisites, post-requisites (Prerequisite, Post requisite) – disciplines, obligatory to mastering before and after this discipline.
Probabilistic knowledge – presumptive knowledge that requires empirical confirmation, reference to facts.
Problem analysis – a type of analysis of theoretical or empirical material from the standpoint of contribution to the solution of any problem or positions of controversy, non-obviousness of the author's evidence and conclusions.
Processing of bone and antler – is widely used in traditional hunting, livestock and agricultural crops for home and craft production. Mainly tubular large bones are used (grandmothers of large animals and sheep astragals used mainly for the manufacture of accessories for outdoor gambling). The great importance of this raw material in the economy usually explained by the lack of metal and wood, as well as the traditions of certain ethnic industries.
Processing of leather and fur – a type of production activity aimed at obtaining material from animal skins suitable for household and domestic needs (mainly for the manufacture of clothes, shoes, dishes, utensils, horse harnesses, etc.).
Processing of stone – is one of the most diverse and oldest types of human production activities. This is due to the variety of rocks of the stone, its various properties as an ornamental and building material, the use of stone for the performance of works of art (sculpture, jewelry, etc.), as well as the features of its occurrence, distribution and methods of extraction.
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Quantitative analysis – a method of expressing facts, events, features in numerical characteristics. With it, determines the interest of the presence or absence of something, indexes, rankings, etc. Quantitative data can take the form of various charts.
Questionnaire – question and answer form of text organization. Questionnaire questions – all speech messages addressed to respondents in
interrogative, affirmative and (or) negative formulations, as well as proposed answers.
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Quote – a verbatim excerpt from any author's text indicating the source and the cited page.
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Refugee – is a country that has escaped from hunger and repression.
Realism (Lat. reaiis – a real, natural) – one of the art methods capable to implement objective and informative, aesthetic nature of art.
Records of civil status acts (registry office) – documents confirming the facts of state registration of civil status acts in the Republic of Kazakhstan, is established in order to protect property and personal non-property rights of citizens, as well as in the interests of the state.
References – a mandatory part of the thematic essay, course and thesis, which is a list of literature studied and used by the student in the study. It is usually located after the conclusion, but before the application. The list includes not only cited sources, but also those that are directly related to the topic, read or influenced the formulation and solution of certain tasks.
Reflection – self-analysis, self-knowledge, self-evaluation. Reflection as a method of cognition is necessary in the performance of independent research activities.
Relatives – one of the categories that organizes and regulates the system of ethically significant relations in the nomadic environment.
Religion (Arab – belief, belief)-worldview, perception of world, and also belief in Allah or-creators.
Religious buildings – are buildings specially erected for worship and various religious rites. Such structures belonging to various religious cults erected according to certain, strict, different from each other canonized principles, which was reflected both in compositional techniques of the layout, and in the external decoration, in the solution of interiors.
Representativeness – the possibility of applying the results of empirical research conducted in small groups in similar groups of larger numbers. It is permissible to extend the conclusions of a small study to other phenomena of the same class. The higher the representativeness, the more valuable the study.
Research – a type of cognitive activity, which consists in the purposeful study of little-known and unknown facts and phenomena, obtaining new information about anything. Introduction of the author to the research contributes to the General and professional development of the future specialist, as well as the accumulation of new scientific knowledge.
Research contradiction – a discrepancy in the development of the components of any system, process or situation, leading to a violation of their integral and successful development. It is a broken connection between phenomena, components, States, properties. The problem of research follows from the established contradiction.
Research methodology – the broadest and most General knowledge of the meanings, directions and methods of activity. To such knowledge in the performance of the abstract, course and thesis are ideological foundations, General laws
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and principles of the science and research methods. Each scientific, including educational and research work is carried out within a certain methodology.
Research objectives are components of the purpose objective. To determine the objectives of the decomposition is carried out goals: it highlights the actions that must be done to achieve it. The task cannot repeat the goal and be wider than it. Ideally, the sum of the tasks, their solution leads the researcher to achieve the goal. The problems should be formulated after the development of the hypothesis, since only the hypothesis determines the path taken by the researcher in order to achieve the goal.
Research strategy – designing the main direction of research, defining the goal as its final result. The strategy is developed by determining the relevance of the topic, the search for contradictions in it, the formulation of the research problem and the development of the research goal. Research strategy is part of the scientific apparatus of research.
Review – a brief critical analysis and evaluation of the essay, course and thesis, given by opponents.
Ritual – historically the end of the socio-ordered typed behavior.
Ru – the first community, United with family ties – a form of Association of people formed in the process of economic relations of the first community.
– S –
Science – is a field of research aimed at creating new knowledge about the nature, society and the system of thought, covering all its conditions and moments.
Scientific forecast – forecasting unexplored phenomena of nature and society, based on the formulation of theoretical and practical data and objective laws of development.
Semantics (from Greek. semanticos – indicating indicating) is a part of semiotics, designed to study the value and significance of various symbolic forms.
Semiotics (from Greek.semeion – sign) – is a discipline engaged in comparative study of sign systems from the simplest warning system to languages and formalized languages of science. The main functions of the signaling systems are: a) the functions of the message transfer and expression values; b) the activity of linguistic communication, i.e. the provision of student understanding of the specified messages as well as preparation of the matter, emotional impact, etc.b.
Settled life – is a settled way of life associated with living for a long time at one place in settlements of various types. Some of them are mainly the focus of the rural agricultural population, others, larger – urban; the latter perform, as a rule, not agricultural, but industrial, organizational, economic, managerial, cultural and entertainment, and other functions. In ethnography, the study of sedentary, sedentary lifestyles of people closely connected with the characteristics of the economic activity, life and culture of individual peoples, as well as with the identification of general historical patterns in the economic and cultural historical development of humankind.
Skill – an integral element of skill, as an automated action, brought to a high degree of perfection.
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Skills – actions that develop as a result of a long repetition.
Social relations – relations formed between people in the process of joint practical and spiritual activities.
Social structure – the integrity of the formed communities depending on the division of social labor, the level of production forces and industrial relations and their stable relationship.
Steppe civilization – is a stage of development of material and spiritual values of Turkic peoples, including Kazakhs.
Structural analysis – is the allocation of the subject of study of individual groups of phenomena similar in any way, i.e. carried out the structuring of the subject of study.
Subculture – a set of norms, values, ideals, symbols of an ethnic or social group that exists relatively independently of the culture of society as a whole.
Subethnos (lat. sub – under + greek. ethnos – people) – is a part of an ethnos compactly settled in a certain territory and, due to this, possesses cultural and linguistic specifics and elements of a common ethnic identity.
Summary – the form of conclusions or conclusions, consisting of a consistent and concise list of the main provisions of the Chapter or the entire work.
Supervisor – a representative of the Department with a degree and experience in research in this area. Assigned to assist a student who performs independent work (essay, course or thesis). The functions of the supervisor include assistance in the design of the study, control over its progress, the quality of the description, etc.
Surface transportation – a phenomenon that was created and distributed within various ethnic cultures; in its design and energy features directly depends on the use in various ways of the muscular strength of animals and, in part, of humans. This term should understood not as various devices with which a person facilitated the possibility of carrying goods and heavy loads alone, but those that were set in motion by groups of people or animals.
Survey – a method of collecting primary information based on oral or written appeal to a certain group of people with questions, the content of which is the problem of research at the empirical level. The main types of survey: questioning (correspondence survey) and interviewing (face-to-face survey). Depending on the source of information, mass and specialized surveys are distinguished. If the main source of information – representatives of various categories of workers whose professional activity is not directly related to the subject of analysis – it is a mass survey. In a specialized survey, the main source is competent people whose professional activities are closely related to the subject of study. Often this type of survey has the character of an expert survey.
Syncretism (Greek. Synkretismos – Association) – a concept that is imperfect, undeveloped, heterogeneous initial state of any phenomenon.
Synthesis – a mental operation, the transition from thinking about the individual to thinking about General thinking about shared to think about more General; from a number of facts, situations, events to their identification in some properties with the subsequent formation of the sets corresponding to these properties. Is used in writing conclusions on paragraphs and chapters and in Custody. Generalization also exists as an independent research activity: for example, generalization of work experience. In this case, generalization can become the goal, the method, and the object of research. This generalization is done using many other methods.
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System – a set of elements that make up a certain integrity, unit, are in relationships and relationships.
System analysis – a method of processing the content of the studied scientific text as a certain integrity consisting of parts and connections between them. This analysis involves the selection of the analyzed parts, the establishment of relations and dependencies between them, the search for links with the external conditions of the whole of life and the evaluation of the factors that most affect the development of the whole.
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Talisman (from al – Greek. Telesma – special, watermelon) – an object, a product that believes that according to the ancient religion the owner will bring a garden
– protects from evil.
Term-concept – a word or phrase that has received scientific status in any science or theory and has a certain amount of meanings and meanings. A single term can have several definitions, i.e. Express several meanings and meanings, the termconcept allows you to select and fix only one meaning and one value.
The basis – is a necessary condition that creates prerequisites for the existence and definition of a certain phenomenon, result.
The choice of research methods the author makes twice. First, in the study of literature. Depending on the problems, goals and objectives of the study, and hypothesis, he selects a variety of methods of analysis of scientific texts, generalization, schematization, etc. second, the study practices were selected and other methods: observation, experiment, survey etc. on the correct choice of research methods depends on the result of the entire study.
The choice of the research themes – made on the basis and taking into account the personal cognitive and research capabilities of the performer, taking into account the relevance of the topic, i.e. its relevance in science and practice, as well as the personal interests of the author. As a rule, the Department gives a list of approximate topics. The author chooses a topic from the list or offers his own for approval at the Department and the appointment of the head.
The community – is the main economic cell of primitive construction.
The Council of elders – is a people's Assembly, a Council of socio-socio-po- litical, institutional content, in which the brothers of the country live.
The concept – is a form of theoretical knowledge, by determining the essence of the subject, compiled in a certain integrity in the stage of knowledge of the world, the way of its formation.
The cult of personality – fearless worship of the authority of a particular leader, exaggeration of his merits, equating a historical figure to the Holy.
The ethnos mentality – is a relatively integral set of views, assessments, tastes, cultural canons, ways of expressing thoughts that are an essential part of ethnic tradition; features of the mental mentality and worldview of people included in one or another ethnic integrity.
The family – is a community based on the marriage of spouses (father, mother) and their unmarried children (own and adopted), spiritually connected, com-
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mon life and mutual moral responsibility. A family created based on marriage, blood relationship, adoption, and on other grounds not prohibited by law and those that do not contradict the moral foundations of society
The goal – is actions aimed at reaching a certain threshold, thoughts are reflected in the public consciousness.
The household – is a socio-economic unit, which understood as a group of people living in a house, apartment or room, jointly providing themselves with the necessary means of subsistence and combining all or part of their income. One household may include relatives and non-relatives, or both, as a rule, coinciding with a large (extended, complex) or small (simple) family.
The law – is his inner that is always in constant communication, due to systematic changes of phenomena.
The lineage (from Latin linea – row, generation, genus) – is the designation of single-line related groups adopted in modern ethnography. Groups with a paternal kinship account are designated as patrilinigi, with maternal – matrilinigi.
The main educational program (PLO) – a set of normative documents that define the goals, expected results, content, conditions and technologies for the implementation of the learning process, education and quality of training of students.
The national environment – is a combination of national-ethnic components, natural and social conditions in which the person is ethnized, and the formation of national self-consciousness.
The natural environment – in contrast to the cultural environment, i.e., manmade dwellings, roads, bridges, manufacturing enterprises, cultivated fields and plantations, herds of domestic animals, etc. – this is the whole set of natural environment human, i.e., geographical landscape, terrain elements, soil, soil, water bodies, atmosphere, climatic properties of the terrain, wild fauna and flora.
The objective factor of history – is conditions that are independent of people and reflect the direction and scope of their activities.
The opposite – is a category that represents one of the stages of the development of contradiction.
The problem of research – the difference between the existing, often undesirable state of an object or phenomenon and the desirable state of Affairs, expressed in scientific language. This is part of the research apparatus, developed on the basis of the relevance of the topic and the identified contradictions. The problem is how to change the "weak" link in the contradiction and remove it.
The purpose of the research – a brief verbal and logical representation of the expected results of the study. Included in the scientific apparatus of research: formulated on the basis of the analysis of the relevance of the research topic, identified contradictions and problems.
The relevance of the research topic – property of the information that the Author is going to present in his research, to be significant and in demand in any areas of activity at the present time. To determine the relevance of the research topic means to show the relevance of the topic to public needs set out in government documents; to reveal the state of its practical implementation; to determine the interest of science in its development. With the disclosure of the relevance of the topic begins the Introduction to the thematic essay, course and thesis.
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The relic – is an ancient heritage, a monument.
The scientific apparatus of research – a list of sequential actions that determine the boundaries, direction and nature of the study. Among these belong to the definition of the relevance of the topic, identification of contradictions, the definition of problems, formulation of objectives, definition of the object and subject of research, development of hypothesis, elaboration of objectives, definition of stages, selection of methods and basis of study, determine its methodological and theoretical foundations. The process of developing these actions is called research design.
The scientific novelty of educational research is to determine the contribution of the research activity of the author (applicant) to science. Reflecting on the quality of the research, conducting a comparative analysis of their data with known in science, the Author determines the part that complements, clarifies or changes the previously available scientific data. The definition of scientific novelty of the work is a selfexamination of the research and is described in the Introduction or Conclusion.
The state – is the main institution of the political system of society, which protects the management of society, its economic and social structure.
The subject of the research – the "weak" part of the contradiction, presented as a problem and constituting the purpose of the study. It is what is specifically explored and transformed in research. These are the most essential properties and relations of the object of research, the knowledge of which is especially important for solving the problem of research.
The subjective factor of history – is the purposeful activity of the masses, groups, the state, individuals, their consciousness, will, propensity to act, etc.
The tribe – is one of the forms of ethnic community, the main compact ethnic formation.
The world – is a complete set of forms of matter, different from the material world, material objects, and quality.
Theory – a system that characterizes, explains and assumes the activity of a certain set, which creates its own object, generalizing specific knowledge about any "fragment" of reality.
The Quran – is the main Holy book of Muslims.
Theoretical research – a type of research that consists of working out theoretical problems and obtaining a theoretical conclusion.
Theoretical research methods – methods of studying theoretical works of scientific content.
Thesaurus – a special type of dictionary in which the terms-concepts are arranged in strict interdependence and correlation: starting with the most significant and broad in meaning and ending with the private. Drawing up a thesaurus is desirable for ordering the conceptual and terminological apparatus of the study, cleaning it from unnecessary terms, correct use in the text.
Theses – a summary of a study, conclusions expressing the basic meaning of the study. This is a condensed statement of content. They are used as a source of information.
Thing – part of the material world, relatively independent life. In order to spread Islam over the years, it is necessary to create a special tax collection.
Tilling tools – implements for cultivating crops. Ethnography distinguishes implements of free agriculture and plow (harness) implements of land cultivation.
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