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Grammar revision. Complex Subject

Именительный падеж с инфинитивом

Complex Subject (сложное подлежащее, «именительный падеж с инфинитивом») состоит из существительного в общем падеже или местоимения в именительном падеже, глагола-сказуемого и инфинитива.

Все предложение обычно имеет следующую структуру:

Инфинитивный оборот «сложное подлежащее» переводится на русский язык дополнительными придаточными предложениями.

Обратите внимание на то, что перевод предложения со сложным подлежащим начинается со сказуемого известно…, считают…,полагают…и т.д., за которым следует придаточное предложение с союзами что, чтобы,как…

The delegation is known to arrive on Monday. Известно, что делегация прибывает в понедельник.

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The problem is likely to be discussed at the meeting. Вероятно, что этот вопрос будет обсуждаться на собрании.

Предложения с инфинитивным оборотом «сложное подлежащее» можно переводить простым предложением, в котором глаголу-сказуемому английского предложения соответствует вводное предложение, которое начинается со слова

как, как известно, как считают и т.д.

He is known to live in Moscow. Он, как известно, живет в Москве

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Ex.1.Underline Complex Subject in the following sentences and translate the sentences into Russian.

1.He is expected to come soon.

2.The president of the company is away . He is said to be in France.

3.The oil prices are reported to have risen dramatically.

4.The problem is supposed to be discussed at the meeting.

5.He is considered to be a good accountant.

6.Mrs Hudson is said to be an experienced secretary.

7.He is unlikely to come soon.

8.He is likely to be promoted.

9.She is known to be good at making presentations.

10.He seems to be mistaken.

11.Mr Gordon is sure to be back to the office soon.

12.The advertising campaign of the new product is thought to be successful.

13.The hotel is said to be located in the center of the city.

14.The flight turns out to have been delayed.

15.Mr Smith seems to be unsatisfied with the results of our work.

16.Traveller’s checks are considered to be useful when you are travelling.

17.The dollar is supposed to have risen recently.

18.Mr Levitt is said to have called twice.

19.You are likely to have dialed the wrong number.

20.Mrs Sanders is said to have confirmed the reservation at the hotel.

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Chapter 8 / Job Application

Глава 8 / Устройство на работу

Resume / Краткая биография

Резюме (в английском языке сохраняется французское написание и произношение этого слова) является частью процесса устройства на работу во всех англоязычных и других странах.

Без резюме и сопроводительного письма (cover letter) вас не пригласят на собеседование (interview) с работодателем (employer).

A résumé must contain a summary of essential facts about your background:

1.PERSONAL DETAILS

2.CAREER OBJECTIVE

3.EDUCATION

4.WORK EXPERIENCE

5.REFERENCES

Information, which indicates your suitability to the job, should be highlighted. If you have had previous experience in various phases of employment, it may be to your advantage to have two-three different résumés, each emphasising a different sphere of competence.

It is standard practice to begin the résumé with personal data. Essentials such as name, address, social insurance number, home phone number and business phone number (recommended only if your present employer is aware of your job search). Facts, such as your date of birth, marital status, and number of dependants, may also be included.

Usually this information is placed at the top of the page. (Résumé, unlike CV, Curriculum Vitae, is limited to one page only.) Be sure to include the full mailing address with a postal code. You may also add a telephone number. If you are a student with a different mailing address for winter and summer months, give your both addresses and the dates when you will be at location.

An option, which may be included in your résumé, is a brief explanation of your

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career objective or goals. This is usually included following personal data. If you have only one version of your résumé, it may be best to include this section in a covering letter so that you can tailor it to the specific position for which you are applying.

The structure of the next portion of your résumé will depend a great deal on extent of your work history. If you are a recent graduate with limited business experience, begin with your education first. Highlight achievements and honours, and note extracurricular activities. Expand on any courses you took which are relevant to the position you desire, or specialised training you may have participated in. Progress to your part-time or summer employment, and indicate responsibility and achievements.

If you possess a strong background in the work world, you should begin with your work experience first. Information provided here will include job title, name of employer, address, date of employment, and a brief summary of duties. Emphasise responsibilities and highlight personal achievements, advancement and recognition. Your list of positions should be in reverse chronological order, so begin with your current employer.

Next, your résumé could include a brief section designed to give employers an insight into your leisure and non-work activities. You might include:

•Clubs or professional associations

•Community volunteer work

•Sports and hobbies

Finally, you could list references. It has become acceptable practice to write «References: Available upon request», since addresses titles, phone numbers are subject to change. Choose references carefully and always get permission to use their names as references.

Here is the example of a résumé:

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(Ms.) Julia Long

220 West Street

New Port, New York 11645

Phone (515) 227 8562

Job Target: Senior Assistant to Personnel Manager.

Capabilities: Write and edit professional reports; provide consultation to employees on benefits; manage training courses.

Work history:

1997 – present Junior assistant manager, James Associates, NYC: helped preparing staff meetings; arranged files of the employees; prepared materials for the training seminars.

«James Associates» в Нью-Йорке: помогала готовить собрания персонала; составляла файлы личных дел сотрудников; готовила материалы для семинаров по обучению сотрудников.

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RÉSUMÉ FORMATS / ВИДЫ РЕЗЮМЕ

Chronological Format demonstrates continuous and upward career growth. It does this by emphasizing employment history beginning with the most recent and working back. The focus is on time, job continuity, growth and advancement, and accomplishments.

Targeted Format is used when you are seeking a specific position. The focus is on your skills, abilities, and qualifications that match the needs of your target.

Functional Format also emphasizes your skills, but does not correlate these characteristics to any specific employer. The focus is on what you did, not when and where you did it.

Combination Format offers a quick synopsis of your market value (the functional style) followed by your employment chronology. This format is very well received by hiring authorities.

Chronological Format / Хронологическое резюме

Charles Carey Accounting manager 2223 August Square Road Barrington, Il 60093

PROFILE:

–More than 8 years in accounting, including responsibility for department procedures, budget, and computer operations.

–Plan and conduct audits and variance analyses, process payroll and payroll tax reports and filings.

–reduced accounting payroll costs 41 % through automation

–successfully directed conversion from an IBM system to a Novell Network

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–trained 6 employees in accounting department

–analyzed and interpreted forecasts

–successfully negotiated a credit line

–assisted in budget forecasting,

–developed cost data and variance analyses

EDUCATION:

Ridgetown college, Santa Fe, New Mexico Bachelor of Science: Accounting (1998) REFERENCES: Furnished Upon Request

Targeted Format / Целевое резюме

BARRY LISTER

Address before May 7, 1999 House G, Erindale Campus University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario

L5C 1C6 (416) 826-3000

Address after May 7, 1999 24 Kilbarry Street Ottawa, Ontario KOB IKO (613) 6322150

Job objective: Junior of a survey crew, with the ultimate goal of becoming an Ontario Land Surveyor.

Education:

2011 – Will complete 2 year of a Bachelor of Science Degree at the University of Toronto. Major: Survey Science. Grade average: B. Major courses:

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Introduction to Surveying Science, Land Planning, Survey Law

2008 – Completed one year of Architectural Science at Ryerson Polytechnical Institute (Grade Average: B)

Work experience:

Summer, 1998 – Tree planter for Roots Ltd., British Columbia. Summers, 1996-97 – Groundsworker for Hillsview Golf Club Ltd.

Other activities:

Captain, Erindale hockey team Treasurer, Survey Science Club

Personal information:

Birth Date: September 30, 1978

Functional Format / Функциональное резюме

SUSAN HERTZ

16 Osler Street

Vancouver, British Columbia V6R 2T1

Tel: (614) 741-0329 Job Objective: Public relations trainee.

Profile: An energetic and skilled communicator, with a record of leadership and initiative.

Communication Skills:

B.A., Honors, in English, Queen’s University, 2001; B + average. Entertainment editor for Queen’s Journal, 2001-02.

Debated regularly as a member of Queen’s Debating Society.

Gave public presentations as guide at Huronia Village, Summer 2003. Described background of historic site to groups of visitors.

Leadership:

Elected to Student Council in my last year at Richmond High School. Introduced new students to university life at Queen’s University. Elected Vice-President of English Club at Queen’s, 2002.

Planned and chaired monthly seminars.

Initiative:

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Founded my own home-baked cookie business, Susan’s Cookies, when still at school. Baked, sold and kept accounts, earning enough to pay for my first year at Queen’s.

References:

1.Prof. Michael Hughes, Queen’s University, Department of English, King ston, Ontario, K7L 3N6.

2.Mrs. Mable Williams, Administrator, Huronia Village, Penetanguishene, Ontario, LOK 1P6

COVER LETTERS / СОПРОВОДИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПИСЬМА

CL 1

31 Lonbard Drive

Edmonton, Alberta T6H 1C3

March 1, 2011

Mr. R. Jones

Personnel Director

Computer Systems Inc

Dear Mr. Jones:

Since Computer Systems is a fast growing company you are likely in need of young and energetic people with a good knowledge of computers. In one month I will be graduating from University of Alberta with a Computer Science degree and would like to join your company as a programmer.

In addition to my university courses I have had work experience in programming and operating computers. Last summer I implemented programs for the design of loudspeakers at Nortek Industries.

At you convenience, I would like to meet you to discuss how my qualifications could benefit Computer Systems. Next week I will call you to try to arrange an interview (to set up an appointment).

Yours sincerely,

Helen Graham

Encl.

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CL 2

452 South Rockline Avenue

Seneca, New York 11290 tel. 315-421-1890

January 23, 2000

Ms. Sandra Breuer

Curator of Impressionist Art Museum of Modern Art

11 West 53 Street New York, NY 10020

Dear Ms. Breuer,

I recently read in «Art Forum» that the museum is planning a large Van Gogh exhibit next winter, with the cooperation of Amsterdam’s two major museums.

I have recently graduated from Washington Square College at New York University. While attending I was fortunate enough to spend one semester abroad I be came very involved with Amsterdam mainly in the art I spent many afternoons at art museums there and I now possess an extensive knowledge of their collections.

I feel that my knowledge of Van Gogh’s work, the city of Amsterdam and my general background in arts could be of value to you in promoting this exhibit to young people. I would like to meet with you to discuss some ideas on the subject and I will call you in a week to ten days to set up a meeting.

Yours truly,

Ken Tyson

Encl.

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CL 3

Nelly Nickleby

225 Hartman Drive

Portsmouth, NH 03801

(603) 555-4606

January 22, 2001

Mr. Howard Speller, General Sales Manager

Speller Automobiles, Ltd.

315 Rolling Woods Highway

Dover, NH 03723

Dear Mr. Speller:

I am a recent college graduate with a B.A. Degree in Automotive Marketing & Management. I have also been part of a family-owned distributorship for nearly all my life, so cars are my life!

I noticed your advertisement for Automotive Sales and Marketing Assistant in the June l4th edition of the Dover Star, and have submitted my résumé for your consideration.

You mentioned in the advertisement that the successful must have:

This is the job that I believe was made for me. I am available immediately and can offer you competence, dedication, and a good work ethic. If you don’t mind, I will call you next week to see if a personal interview can be scheduled.

Thank you for your time and consideration, and I look forward to speaking with you next week.

Sincerely,

Nelly Nickleby

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INTERVIEW / СОБЕСЕДОВАНИЕ

An interview can be described as a planned discussion with a specific purpose. How does a selection interview differ from a conversation, a chat about a job?

A business manager needs to gather information that provides evidence about applicant’s ability to do the job, and to fit in with the work team.

But interviewing is a mutual exchange of information. It is an opportunity to give an applicant as much information about the job as possible so that they can decide whether or not they want to take it if it is offered.

A company wants people who accept job to be motivated to work for the business. Treating them with respect is important too.

The interviewer’s questions set out to get the candidates talking about their experiences and their lives in general. The answers can reveal whether they can do the job, plus their motivation and adjustment and give some indication of how they cope in a variety of situations – including those they are likely to be under pressure and stress.

The questions that are most effective in this regard are «open ended» questions. What..., why..., when..., how..., where..., and who... words help to keep questions open. Phrases such as «How did you do the stock-taking?», «Tell me about...» or «Can you explain...» should give a great deal of useful information.

The interviewees are to reveal their ability, experience, motivation and adjustment, they, not the interviewer, must do most of the talking. The best ratio is 60:40.

COMMON INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Here are some common questions you are likely to be asked in an employment interview. Look through the sample answers to some of them and write your own version of a good answer to each of the questions:

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1. Tell me about yourself.

Give a brief answer: no more than a minute. Tell something about yourself that relates to the job.

2. Why do you want to work for us?

We suggest a sincere answer: «My personal goals and the company goals and values are the same, and I want to be part of it».

3. What would you do for us?

Don’t presume to tell the interviewer exactly what you would do because you don’t know their «problems». It’s better to know enough about the organisation to relate an experience of yours which represents successful solving of a past employer’s problem.

4. What are your strong points?

It’s a good idea to relate your good points to the company when possible.

5.What is your biggest weakness? (A look-for-the-reaction type question.) When you are asked for your biggest weakness, you’ve got to appear mortal! The idea here would be to give a weakness, which from the interviewer’s point of view isn’t much of a weakness. «Well I really don’t feel I have a weakness which affects my working ability. I think at times I have a tendency to be impatient and push people too hard to get a job done. Patience isn’t my strongest point».

6.Tell me one of your working experiences.

7.What did you like least about your previous job?

8.Why did you leave your last job?

9.How long will it take you to make a contribution to our firm?

10.How long would you stay with us?

11.What are your career goals?

12.How much do you expect to be earning five years from now?

13.Do you have any objections to a psychological evaluation?

14.Do you have any questions for me?

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QUESTIONS TO AN EMPLOYER

1.I understand this is a new position. Could you tell me a little more about what I’ll be doing on the job?

2.In general what type of person are you looking for?

3.Where will I be working?

4.How many people will I be working with (co-workers, clients, customers, patients)?

5.Who is this company’s major competitor and how do you rate them?

6.When do I need to start work?

7.When do you plan to make your decision?

8.What is the hiring process here? Will there be a second interview?

9.Would it be possible to have a tour of the office? Could I meet the people I will be working with?

10.Do you offer training so that employees can upgrade their skills?

11.How will my job performance be evaluated?

12.Do you have a career ladder (a step-by-step plan for advancement within the organization)?

13.Do you promote from within?

14.What do you consider the ideal experience for this job?

15.What kind of characteristics do you most like to find in people in this position?

16.What is the biggest challenge facing this department right now?

17.How is the department organized?

Note: It is best not to ask about salary.

Dialogue

Personnel Manager Jack Litton is speaking to Karen Evans seeking the position of a Branch Manager.

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Practice Drills

I. Read through the characteristics below and decide to which of the formats of CVs (resumes) they belong:

1.Stresses selected skill areas which are marketable or in demand.

2.Interviewers are familiar with it.

3.Puts a steady, long-term employment into best perspective.

4.Positions not related to job goals can be played down.

5.Helps camouflage a spotty employment record.

6.Is the easiest to prepare, structured on work history.

II. Answer the questions about career histories using for, since and ago.

1.How long did he study economics (electronics, etc.)?

2.How long has he been working for ... ?

3.How long has he been running his own company?

4.How long ago did he leave university?

5.How long was he a consultant at ...?

6.How long did he work for the firm of recruitment consultants / trading food, etc?

III. How about you?

1.How long ago did you start your present job?

2.How long have you had your present job?

3.How long have you been working for .. company?

4.How long ago did you start learning English?

5.How long ago did you take your driving test?

6.How long have you been a PC user?

IV. Work in pairs.

Choose three most important questions and role-play the final stage of an interview.

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