Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
4307.pdf
Скачиваний:
1
Добавлен:
13.11.2022
Размер:
550.7 Кб
Скачать

Eventually the tokens disappeared, but the contracts remained on flat tablets.

Classical civilizations built global markets trading gold and silver for spices, cloth, wood and weapons, most of which had standards of quality and timelines. Reputation and clearing became central concerns, and the states which could handle them most effectively became very powerful empires, trusted by many people to manage and mediate trade and commerce.

Unit 2

Active Words and Word Combinations:

negotiable (a), buyers (n), sellers (n), predict (v), uniform (adj.), manufacterer (n), advertise (v), persuade (v), brand (n), to be acquired(v), to prevent (v), go down in smth(v), to postpone (v), to be lack of futures contract, token (п.), commodity(n), handle (v).

Ex. I. Arrange synonyms in pairs:

negotiable, to predict, to advertise, brand, to persuade, to prevent, uniform, manufacturer, to go down in smth. to postpone, fixed, to promote, producer, to induce, name, to preclude, to foretell, to drop, all the same, to put off.

Ex. 2. Arrange antonyms in pairs:

fixed, to go down in smth, to promote, buyer, seller, negotiable, to go up, to

delay.

Ex.3. Fill in the gaps, using your active vocabulary:

1.Is a translator's salary fixed or is it... ?

2.They were ... of chemical equipment.

3.You should go to the dentist... loss of the tooth.

4.Having waisted his money, he ... purchases.

5.I am ... that it is true.

6.These washing machines ... in price.

7.Manufacturers of cigarettes ... by radio.

8.The ... has sold and ... has bought asbestos of Russian origin.

Ex.4. Translate into Russian:

1.It's next to impossible to persuade him to buy this car.

2.These goods are sold at a negotiable pnce.

3.How much does a manufacturer charge for this product?

4.A retailer may advertise a collection of new fashions.

5.A seller should be familiar with the use and advantages of the goods

8

reguired by the buyer.

6.Bob came up to a grey house with a sign: "This house went down in price".

7.He felt a need to postpone the talks.

8.He couldn't predict the tragedy.

Ex. 5. Translate into English:

1.Сейчас повсюду висят объявления: "Цены на недвижимость снижены".

2.Эта книга сложная, я отложу её чтение.

3.Постарайтесь убедить его не делать этого.

4.Какие кошмарные цены! - Они договорные.

5.Покупатели и продавцы пришли к соглашению по вопросу о цене.

6.Размещайте рекламу в нашей газете.

7.К счастью, она остановила его от ошибки.

8.Где ты приобрёл такую вредную привычку?

Ex. 6. Discusse problems mentioned in the text in the form of a dialogue. Use your active vocabulary:

1.Being a housewife is as hard as being a working man.

2.You continue to use the old model of a car. Your friend asks why.

3.You are a fruit dealer. You want to dispose the goods on the eve of a holiday

weekend.

Warm up. What is a retailing?

Text III. The Retailing Sector

Read and translate the text

The retailing sector is a busy and vital link in our distribution system. Retailers buy goods from manufacturers and wholesalers and resell them to consumers" to satisfy their needs and wants. Buying, selling, storing, transportation - are among the major functions performed by retail enterprises. Among the retail categories are boutiques, leased departments, furniture warehouses.

A number of store types are available in food marketing. Among them are convenience stores, supermarkets, consumer cooperatives.

The traditional Department Stores are large retail institutions organized by departments. Three major categories of goods are present: 1) apparel for the entire

9

family; 2) appliances, home furnishings and furniture; 3) household goods. Many additional lines are offered: jewelry, cosmetics, sporting goods and toys are some examples. The Department Store has some advantages. Because of its size and financial strength it can purchase goods in large quantities, at low prices. Usually there is no shortage of goods at the Department Store. It's able to hire specialists in buying, store design, real estate, sales promotion, leasing and other areas. On the other hand the costs of operating such a giant enterprise are considerable. Large numbers of employees are needed to conduct business. So we can't say that Department Stores dominate most of the retailing sector.

Many large retailers operate from out of town locations with parking facilities, known as hypermarkets. They may be on a retail park, where there are a number of large stores.

Unit3

Active Words and Word Combinations: retailer (n), wholesaler (n), needs (n), wants (n), perform (v), shopper (n), to be available, apparel (n), advantage (n), purchase (v), real estate, shortage (n), hire (v), retail park, hypermarkets (n).

Ex.1. Arrange synonyms in pairs:

to hire, to be available, needs, to perform, shopper, apparel, to purchase, shortage, to apply for smth, to be present, requirements, to conduct, clothes, buyer, to buy, scarcity.

Ex.2. Arrange antonyms in pairs:

shortage, to be available, retailer, advantage, to hire, surplus, to be absent, disadvantage, wholesaler, to fire.

Ex.3. Fill in the gaps using your active vocabulary:

1.You can invest your money into ....

2.He decided not to build the house because of the labour ....

3.You can't talk to him now. He is not....

4.There are two kinds of trade:... and ....

5.There are certain ... in small business.

6.It's very difficult... business.

Ex.4. Translate into Russian:

1.There is a shortage of gas, use this electric cooker.

2.Don't you think she is suffering from a food shortage? Stupid! - she's gone

10

on a diet!

3.I'm sorry the book is not available in our department.

4.He hired a hundred people to plant the fields.

5.Men usually like women to change apparel.

6.He runs a furniture warehouse.

7.He didn't like women to wear too much cosmetics.

Ex.5. Translate into English:

1.Многие товары недоступны людям в этой стране.

2.Его хозяин сделал состояние, вкладывая деньги в недвижимость.

3.Мне кажется, мы проводим полжизни в универмагах.

4.Катастрофа произошла из-за нехватки горючего.

5.Спортивные товары фирмы "Адидас" пользуются большим спросом.

6.Здесь вы сможете купить одежду для всей семьи.

7.Он сдавал внаём дешёвые квартиры.

Ex.6.Discuss problems mentioned in the text in the form of a dialogue. Use your active vocabulary:

1.The Director of the Department Store has just come back from Bahamas, you've had a difficult time during his absence.

2.Your parents say they used to be better at your age than you and your

friends.

3.You are going to operate a huge store. From what to begin?

REVISION ( Units 1-3 )

Paraphrase the following sentences using the words and word combinations from units 1-3.

1.I've had enough of these mice runing all over the flat.

2.Why not start your own business?

3.The producer of this ice-cream is famous all over the country.

4.Didn't they drop the price for this car?

5.The President of the Company was present at the Dinner.

11

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]