SUMMARY

in the

1st—3rd/8th—10th centuries, examines

its

genres

and

trends,

describes the emergence

of

the centres of the shiite writ-

ten language and their role

in

the

formation

of the

re-

ligious

and political ideology of the Shiites as revealed in

the

social

composition and tribal affiliation of

shiite

scholars. In

this

The formation of shiite ideology

was closely connected

with

the development of shiite literature, the diversity of whose genres

and types reflected the multiformity

of shiite ideology. The

aut-

hor's task was to review one of

its main forms — the

historical-

religious literature of the Shiites

that occupied an important pla-

ce in Moslem historiography and

expressed, in a most

profound

Eastern

Caliphate — Iraq, Iran

and

Middle

Asia — which played

the main

role in the 7th — the

first

half of

the 10th centuries in

the creation of shiite ideology and literature.

For almost three centuries

(up to the coming to

power

of

the

shiite dynasty of Buyids in Iraq in 334/945)

shiism

remained

an

opposition trend which, from

time to time,

surged

to the

surfa-

destinely. Not

once,

destruction of shiite writings

was accompa-

nied by destruction

of

their authors. No wonder

the majority of

shiite works of

that period was lost irretrievably, and only

a small

part was preserved

to

be transferred to the subsequent

genera-

tions of shiite

authors.

most

thorough account of all available

materials

pertaining to

shiite literature and its creators in order to avoid

an

one-sided

evaluation of the role of individual authors and restore, as fully

as possible, the development process of shiite historical

literature.

As

far as the methods of investigation

are concerned, the most

fruitful

way to solving the task set is an analysis

of

the isnad

chains, the basic form of fixing knowledge accepted

by

the Mos-

Faradj

al-Isfahani

(died 356/967) and Kitab ar-ridjal of Abu

Amr

al-Kashshi (died 370/980), the native of Kashsh

(modern Shahri-

syabs).

The

first

contains factual material about the political

struggle for

power

waged by the Alids and their followers,

and

the second — historical-biographical information

about the Shiites.

The processing

of

the material of the isnad chains of these two.

works

made

it

possible to solve some significant

problems.

The arrangement of columns in the first part of the book

(commentaries

to

the Koran — hadiths — history) reflects

a ge-

tical history

of the caliphate

and universal history, and

also the

formation of

the independent

shiite

historical concept. The basis

of the shiite

concept of history was

the religious-political

theory

of imamaie — supreme power in a Moslem state.

In the first part of the monograph there are special

sections,

fields

of shiite

historical-religious

literature — commentaries

to

the Koran

and

the hadiths. Usually, the

commentaries

to

the

Koran

and

the

hadiths are not

included

in historical

litera-

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14 Зак. 598

209